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    The document provides information about the Indus Valley Civilization, including its earliest cities of Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro and Lothal. It describes the well-planned layout of the cities with structures like granaries, dockyards and drainage systems. The document also discusses how the civilization was discovered, the lives of the people who farmed cotton and crafted goods, and theories for its eventual decline due to floods or invasion. In the end, it shares the experience of visiting the site of Lothal.

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    Presentation 1

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    137 views25 pages
    The document provides information about the Indus Valley Civilization, including its earliest cities of Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro and Lothal. It describes the well-planned layout of the cities with structures like granaries, dockyards and drainage systems. The document also discusses how the civilization was discovered, the lives of the people who farmed cotton and crafted goods, and theories for its eventual decline due to floods or invasion. In the end, it shares the experience of visiting the site of Lothal.

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    The document provides information about the Indus Valley Civilization, including its earliest cities of Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro and Lothal. It describes the well-planned layout of the cities with structures like granaries, dockyards and drainage systems. The document also discusses how the civilization was discovered, the lives of the people who farmed cotton and crafted goods, and theories for its eventual decline due to floods or invasion. In the end, it shares the experience of visiting the site of Lothal.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    137 views25 pages

    Presentation 1

    Uploaded by

    sahil_malhotra092212
    The document provides information about the Indus Valley Civilization, including its earliest cities of Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro and Lothal. It describes the well-planned layout of the cities with structures like granaries, dockyards and drainage systems. The document also discusses how the civilization was discovered, the lives of the people who farmed cotton and crafted goods, and theories for its eventual decline due to floods or invasion. In the end, it shares the experience of visiting the site of Lothal.

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    INDEX

    • INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION [IVC]


    • EARLIEST CITIES
    • HOW WE GOT TO KNOW ABOUT I.V.C
    • LIFE IN THE CITY FOR PEOPLE
    • CRAFT IN THE CITY
    • DISCOVERY OF COTTON
    • PRECIOUS STONES
    • DESTRUCTION OF INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
    • MY EXPERIENCE IN LOTHAL
    INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
    The largest Indus region
    was four ancient urban
    civilization of Egypt,
    Mesopotamia, South
    Asia and China. It was
    not discovered until the
    1920's. Indus Valley
    Civilization flourished
    along the river valley
    providing all the needs
    of the people.
    EARLIEST CITIES
     The Indus Valley Civilization
    have a common feature that the
    Harappan used the same size
    bricks and standardized units as
    were used in other Indus cities
    such as Mohenjo -Daro and Lothal
    The cities were well planned with
    wide streets, public and private
    wells, drains, bathing platforms
    and reservoirs. One of its most
    well-known structures is the Great
    Bath Of Mohenjo-Daro

    Some of the earliest cities are-


    •Harappa
    •Lothal
    •Mohenjo-daro
    HARAPPA

    • TOWNS
    • GRANARY
    • POTTERY
    • WALLS
    • RING STONES

    BACK TO
    EARLIEST CITIES
    POTTERY
    The pile was found
    by archaeologist
    represents sorted
    and discarded
    pottery sherds from
    continuing
    excavations at
    Harappa since
    1985
    TOWNS
    The modern town of
    Harappa survives on
    another set of mounds.
    During ancient times they
    were separated from
    Mound AB in the
    foreground by a river
    channel. Archaeologists
    suspect that those
    mounds were also first
    settled in ancient times,
    but no excavations have
    been carried out there.
    GRANARY
    There is a place so -called
    "Great Granary" in Mound
    of Harappa. Its earliest
    levels date to 2450 B.C. A
    similar structure, also about
    50 meters long and built on
    a massive brick or mud-
    brick platform, was found at
    Mohenjo-daro. Early
    archaeologists quickly
    identified the buildings as
    granaries. At Harappa, two
    sets of 6 rooms are aligned
    on either side of
    a central passageway.
    WALLS
    The mounds at
    Harappa remain
    largely unexcavated.
    Approximately half a
    percentage of the
    site's area is being
    unearthed each
    season by the
    ongoing Harappa
    Archaeological
    Research Project
    RINGSTONES
    The giant ringstones are similar
    to ones found in Mohenjo-
    daro and Dholavira. Local
    legend claims they were the
    rings of a giant of 17th
    century saint (Baba Nur
    Shah) who is buried on
    Mound AB in Harappa. Early
    excavators believed that were
    significant to the ancient
    Indus religion. Today,
    archaeologists think that they
    were used to secure wooden
    posts at gateways to the city.
    LOTHAL
    • DOCKYARD
    • WAREHOUSE
    • ACROPOLIS
    • DRAINAGE SYSTEM
    • LOWER TOWN

    BACK TO
    EARLIEST CITIES
    DOCKYARD
    Lothal has a massive dockyard
    which has helped to make this
    place so important to
    international archaeology.
    Spanning an area 37 meters
    from east to west and nearly
    22 meters from north to south.
    It was excavated besides the
    river Sabarmati river. through
    which Ships could have
    entered into the northern end
    of the dock through an inlet
    channel connected to
    Sabarmati river.
    WAREHOUSE
    A long wharf found by
    archaeologist was
    connected the dockyard
    to the main warehouse,
    which was located on a
    plinth about 3.5 meters
    above the ground. The
    first concern of the
    Harappan engineers
    might have been to
    ensure against floods
    and tides, which may
    have been their undoing
    at Mohenjo-daro and
    Harappa
    ARCOPOLIS
    Near the warehouse,
    on a high plinth,
    archaeologists have
    also found the upper
    town or acropolis
    which spans 128 by
    61 meters and has
    extensive drainage
    systems.
    DRAINAGE SYSTEM
    Drains in the houses were
    connected to the drains in
    streets and smaller drains
    which led into the bigger
    ones. Some holes were
    there to clean the drains .
    Each drain had a gentle
    slopes so that water could
    flow through it.
    LOWER TOWN
    From the plinth of the acropolis,
    there is a short distance to
    the lower town. The lower
    town contains a commercial
    and residential area. The
    arterial streets running from
    north to south were flanked
    by shops, merchant dwellings
    and artisan's workshops.
    Streets running from east to
    west led to the residential
    areas with lanes allowing
    access to individual dwellings
    MOHENJO-DARO
    Mohenjo- Daro was an ancient
    Indus Valley Civilization city
    that flourished between 2600
    and 1900 BCE. It was one of
    the first world and ancient
    Indian cities. The site was
    discovered in the 1920s and
    lies in Pakistan's Sindh
    province. Only a handful of
    archaeologists have
    excavated in Mohenjo-daro.In
    Mohenjo- Daro there is
    Buddhist stupa. View from
    stupa of great bath is very
    clear. There is also an ancient
    well, street drain. In Mohenjo-
    Daro archaeologist have find
    seal and pieces of cotton.

    BACK TO
    EARLIEST CITIES
    HOW WE GOT TO KNOW ABOUT I.V.C
    When the railway lines were
    being laid for the first time
    in Punjab engineers
    stumbled upon the site of
    Harappa to them it looked
    like a mound so they took
    high quality bricks. After
    80 years archaeologists
    found the site and realized
    that it was one of the
    oldest cities in the sub-
    continent
    LIFE IN THE CITY FOR PEOPLE
    It was a busy life for the
    people. Some planned
    cities and special buildings.
    There were probably rulers
    who sent people to distant
    places to get metal,
    precious stones etc. others
    who know to write helped in
    preparing seals. Besides
    there were me and women
    who were craft persons.
    CRAFT IN THE CITY

    • Stone weights- these were


    made up of chert . Chert is a
    kind of stone. These were
    used to weigh things
    • Seals – used to seal goods
    and things
    • Faience- a material that is
    artificially made to make beads
    bangles etc.
    • Terracotta toys
    DISCOVERY OF COTTON
    Cotton was grown at
    Mehrgarh from
    about 700 years
    ago .pieces of
    cotton was found
    by archaeologists
    attached to a vase
    and a spindle
    whorls.
    PRECIOUS STONES
     Harappans brought-
     Copper from Rajasthan
     Tin from Afghanistan and Iran
     Gold from Karnataka
     Precious Stones from Gujarat,
    Iran and Afghanistan
    DESTRUCTION OF IVC

    Earliest cities were


    destroyed due to
    periodic floods,
    epidemics, other
    natural calamities like
    earthquake etc,
    deforestation. Some
    scholars think that a
    serious of invasion by
    central Asians tribe
    caused the end.
    MY EXPERIENCE IN LOTHAL
    I, Divya Shah went to lothal-an
    earliest city , for first time. I saw
    dockyard, lower town, drainage
    system, museum and houses on
    upper town. I went with my
    parents and brother. We had a
    great experience over there. We
    meet to an archaeologist who
    told us about how they find
    earliest cities inside the earth by
    using a magnet. We also meet
    with a worker . He gave us
    information about how his uncle
    –the owner of the land got to
    know about the city inside his
    land .

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