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    Air Stripping: The Removal of Volatile Contaminants From Water and Contaminated Soils

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    Mohammed Al-Dahlan
    This document discusses air stripping, a process that uses air to remove volatile contaminants from water and soil. It describes the components of an air stripping tower, including packing materials, bubble caps, and mist eliminators. It then provides an example of using Henry's Law calculations to determine the amount of trichloroethylene that would remain in water treated by an air stripping process. Finally, it briefly outlines the two-film theory of gas-liquid mass transfer and equations for calculating mass transfer rates.

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    Air Stripping: The Removal of Volatile Contaminants From Water and Contaminated Soils

    Uploaded by

    Mohammed Al-Dahlan
    73 views39 pages
    This document discusses air stripping, a process that uses air to remove volatile contaminants from water and soil. It describes the components of an air stripping tower, including packing materials, bubble caps, and mist eliminators. It then provides an example of using Henry's Law calculations to determine the amount of trichloroethylene that would remain in water treated by an air stripping process. Finally, it briefly outlines the two-film theory of gas-liquid mass transfer and equations for calculating mass transfer rates.

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    Air Stripper

    Original Title

    Air Stripping

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    This document discusses air stripping, a process that uses air to remove volatile contaminants from water and soil. It describes the components of an air stripping tower, including packing materials, bubble caps, and mist eliminators. It then provides an example of using Henry's Law calculations to determine the amount of trichloroethylene that would remain in water treated by an air stripping process. Finally, it briefly outlines the two-film theory of gas-liquid mass transfer and equations for calculating mass transfer rates.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    73 views39 pages

    Air Stripping: The Removal of Volatile Contaminants From Water and Contaminated Soils

    Uploaded by

    Mohammed Al-Dahlan
    This document discusses air stripping, a process that uses air to remove volatile contaminants from water and soil. It describes the components of an air stripping tower, including packing materials, bubble caps, and mist eliminators. It then provides an example of using Henry's Law calculations to determine the amount of trichloroethylene that would remain in water treated by an air stripping process. Finally, it briefly outlines the two-film theory of gas-liquid mass transfer and equations for calculating mass transfer rates.

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    AIR STRIPPING

    The removal of volatile


    contaminants from
    water and contaminated
    soils

    Air Stripping Tower Use

    Air
    Stripping
    Towers

    Some column internals

    Clockwise from
    top left:
    Packing,
    bubble caps,
    mist eliminator,
    sieve tray

    Case Study:
    TCE Contaminated
    Site Remediation

    Henrys Law
    Henry's Law states that the amount of a gas that
    dissolves into a liquid is proportional to the partial
    pressure that gas exerts on the surface of the
    liquid.
    In equation form, that is:

    CA = KH pA
    where,
    CA
    [mg/L]
    KH

    = concentration of A, [mol/L] or

    = equilibrium constant (Henry's


    Law constant), [mol/L-atm] or
    [mg/L-atm]
    See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry's_law
    pA
    = partial pressure of A, [atm]

    Example: Solubility of O2 in Water


    Although the atmosphere we breathe is
    comprised of approximately 20.9 percent
    oxygen, oxygen is only slightly soluble in water.
    In addition, the solubility decreases as the
    temperature increases. Thus, oxygen
    availability to aquatic life decreases during the
    summer months when the biological processes
    which consume oxygen are most active.
    Summer water temperatures of 25 to 30C are
    typical for many surface waters in the U.S.
    Henry's Law constant for oxygen in water is
    61.2mg/L-atm at 5C and 40.2mg/L-atm at
    25C. What is the solubility of oxygen at 5C

    Solution O2 Solubility Example


    At 50C the solubility is:

    CO2 (5 C) = KH,O2 PO2

    mg
    = 61.2
    x 0.209 atm
    L- atm

    mg
    CO2 (5 C) = 12.8
    L
    At 250C the solubility is:
    CO2 (25 C) = KH,O2 PO2

    mg
    = 40.2
    x 0.209 atm
    L- atm

    mg
    CO2 (25 C) = 8.40
    L

    Air Stripping Example


    An air stripping tower, similar to
    that shown, is to be used to
    remove dissolved carbon dioxide
    gas from a groundwater supply.
    If the tower lowers the level to
    twice the equilibrium
    concentration, what amount of
    dissolved gas will remain in the
    water after treatment? The partial
    pressure
    of carbon dioxide in the
    Example
    4.2 from Ray
    atmosphere is 10-3.7atm.

    Solution Air Stripping Example


    Henry's Law constant for carbon dioxide =
    1.14L/L Divide by RT, i.e. 1.14/(0.083x288) =
    0.048 =10-1.3 mol L-1atm-1 The equilibrium
    solubility is then:
    -1.3 mole
    -3.7
    CCO = K H,CO pCO = 10
    10 atm
    L- atm
    2

    CCO2

    3
    mole
    44
    g
    mg
    10
    -5
    -5
    = 10 M = 10
    x
    x
    L
    mole
    g

    CCO2 = 0.44 mg/L

    Answer = 0.9 mg/L CO2

    Two-film partitioning in gas-liquid


    ys*
    Bulk
    gas

    ys

    Bulk
    liquid

    Cs*

    Cb
    yb

    yb
    Cs
    Cs*
    Stripping

    Bulk
    gas

    Bulk
    liquid

    Cs

    Cb
    ys
    ys*

    Absorption

    Mass transfer calculations


    Henrys law applies because of equilibrium at interface:

    ys = HCs
    Ficks law applies: flux is proportional to the driving force

    JA = kL(Cb Cs) kg(ys yb)

    Relationship of transfer coefficients


    Another approach is that all the resistance
    to transfer is in the liquid phase, so

    yb = HC*s
    Alternatively all the resistance to transfer
    could be in the gas phase, so

    ys* = HCb
    Mass flux based on water phase, substitutions, and
    applying Henrys law to liquid concentrations leads to

    1/KLa = 1/kLa + 1/Hkga


    Similarly

    1/K a = H/k a + 1/k a

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