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    Nahw - L2

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    drmuhsin
    The document provides an overview of the classification of parts of speech in the Arabic language. It discusses the three main parts of speech: ism (nouns), fi'il (verbs), and harf (particles). Nouns are classified as jāmid, maṣdar, or mushtaq. Verbs are classified based on tense as māḍī, muḍāri', amr, or nihy. Particles are classified as ḥarfu 'āmil or ḥarfu ghayru 'āmil. Sentences are made up of two parts, the mubtada' and khabar in nominal sentences or the fi'il and fā'

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    Nahw - L2

    Uploaded by

    drmuhsin
    210 views15 pages
    The document provides an overview of the classification of parts of speech in the Arabic language. It discusses the three main parts of speech: ism (nouns), fi'il (verbs), and harf (particles). Nouns are classified as jāmid, maṣdar, or mushtaq. Verbs are classified based on tense as māḍī, muḍāri', amr, or nihy. Particles are classified as ḥarfu 'āmil or ḥarfu ghayru 'āmil. Sentences are made up of two parts, the mubtada' and khabar in nominal sentences or the fi'il and fā'

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    Nahw - L2.ppt

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    The document provides an overview of the classification of parts of speech in the Arabic language. It discusses the three main parts of speech: ism (nouns), fi'il (verbs), and harf (particles). Nouns are classified as jāmid, maṣdar, or mushtaq. Verbs are classified based on tense as māḍī, muḍāri', amr, or nihy. Particles are classified as ḥarfu 'āmil or ḥarfu ghayru 'āmil. Sentences are made up of two parts, the mubtada' and khabar in nominal sentences or the fi'il and fā'

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    210 views15 pages

    Nahw - L2

    Uploaded by

    drmuhsin
    The document provides an overview of the classification of parts of speech in the Arabic language. It discusses the three main parts of speech: ism (nouns), fi'il (verbs), and harf (particles). Nouns are classified as jāmid, maṣdar, or mushtaq. Verbs are classified based on tense as māḍī, muḍāri', amr, or nihy. Particles are classified as ḥarfu 'āmil or ḥarfu ghayru 'āmil. Sentences are made up of two parts, the mubtada' and khabar in nominal sentences or the fi'il and fā'

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Words, Sentences

    and Phrases
    Establishing a framework for
    the study of

    Shariah Program - Nahw Lecture 2

    The Arabic Word

    In the previous session, we mentioned


    that the Arabic word ( ) is divided

    into three types: , and .


    Here we will attempt to sub-classify
    these three parts of speech at a very
    basic level. The terms resulting from this
    and other introductory classifications
    will be needed in basically every major
    discussion.
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    Classification of

    Based on being derived or not derived, the is


    classified into three types:
    A frozen word not derived from anything
    and nothing derived from it e.g. ( man),
    ( tree)
    The source word for all verbs and derived
    nouns: not derived from anything, but many
    words derived from it e.g. (to hit) ( to
    help)
    Those few nouns and adjectives which are
    constructed from the e.g. ( writer)
    (desk). These and their methods of
    construction are discussed in the science of
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    Map of the Arabic


    Language


    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    )(

    Classification of the

    , the past tense verb e.g. ( wrote).


    , the present and future tense verb e.g.

    ( helps, or will help)or one may refer to


    the first as perfect i.e. occurred and the
    second as imperfect, meaning ongoing, either
    presently in the process of occurring or will
    begin at a future time.
    , imperative or command verb e.g.
    (Drink!)
    , negative command or prohibition e.g.
    (Dont drink)
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    Map of the Arabic


    Language

    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    )(

    Classification of the

    A particle that influences


    the next word and governs it i.e.
    puts it into one of the four
    grammatical states e.g. in
    A particle that only
    conveys meaning and does not
    govern the next word as outlined
    above e.g. the that means and
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    Map of the Arabic


    Language

    )(

    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    The Sentence ( /
    )

    A sentence is a group of words that


    conveys to the point of satisfaction
    either information or desire e.g.
    ( The man is tall), ( Take
    the book), ( My lord! Give
    me sustenance).

    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    and

    We said every sentence is essentially


    made up of two parts; a primary one and
    a descriptive one. First they link
    together in the mind of the speaker.
    Then they are conveyed through the
    medium of words. This linkage which
    results in a sentence is termed . The
    primary part or subject of the sentence is
    called and the descriptive part or
    predicate is known as . To illustrate,
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    To make recognition of the and


    somewhat easier the scholars of classify
    the sentence into two categories based on the
    first word in the sentence:
    1. : the sentence which begins with an
    e.g. ( The boy is standing). The two
    parts are known as and ( subject and
    predicate).
    2. : the sentence which begins with a
    e.g. ( Hamid went). The two parts are
    known as and ( verb and subject).
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    The Two Parts of the


    Sentence

    The , when it appears in an


    structure, is called . With rare
    exception, it will be first in the
    sentence.
    The in this type of sentence is
    called .

    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    The Two Parts of the


    Sentence

    The , when it appears in the


    sentence, it is called or subject of the
    verb preceding it. Unlike in English, the
    verb ALWAYS precedes the subject in
    Arabic. Therefore, in this type of
    sentence the i.e. the will
    always come after the descriptive part or
    predicate.
    The predicate ( )is known simply as
    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    Table 1A -

    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    Map of the Arabic


    Language



    Shariah Program - Nahw L

    )(

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