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    Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: DR Rizwan Zafar - MBBS, DMJ Lecturer, Forensic Medicine Deptt CMH Lahore Medical College

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    dr rizwan
    Bloodstain pattern analysis examines the shapes and sizes of blood drops to reconstruct crime scenes. Smaller drops indicate longer distances fallen, while the narrow end of drops point to the direction of travel. By determining the width/length ratios of individual drops, their impact angles and point of origin can be calculated. Different bloodstain patterns like spatter, cast-off, and expirated blood can indicate mechanisms like gunshots, beatings, or stabbings. Proper interpretation requires considering how bloodstains may alter over time.

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    Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: DR Rizwan Zafar - MBBS, DMJ Lecturer, Forensic Medicine Deptt CMH Lahore Medical College

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    dr rizwan
    123 views27 pages
    Bloodstain pattern analysis examines the shapes and sizes of blood drops to reconstruct crime scenes. Smaller drops indicate longer distances fallen, while the narrow end of drops point to the direction of travel. By determining the width/length ratios of individual drops, their impact angles and point of origin can be calculated. Different bloodstain patterns like spatter, cast-off, and expirated blood can indicate mechanisms like gunshots, beatings, or stabbings. Proper interpretation requires considering how bloodstains may alter over time.

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    Blood Spattring

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    Bloodstain pattern analysis examines the shapes and sizes of blood drops to reconstruct crime scenes. Smaller drops indicate longer distances fallen, while the narrow end of drops point to the direction of travel. By determining the width/length ratios of individual drops, their impact angles and point of origin can be calculated. Different bloodstain patterns like spatter, cast-off, and expirated blood can indicate mechanisms like gunshots, beatings, or stabbings. Proper interpretation requires considering how bloodstains may alter over time.

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    123 views27 pages

    Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: DR Rizwan Zafar - MBBS, DMJ Lecturer, Forensic Medicine Deptt CMH Lahore Medical College

    Uploaded by

    dr rizwan
    Bloodstain pattern analysis examines the shapes and sizes of blood drops to reconstruct crime scenes. Smaller drops indicate longer distances fallen, while the narrow end of drops point to the direction of travel. By determining the width/length ratios of individual drops, their impact angles and point of origin can be calculated. Different bloodstain patterns like spatter, cast-off, and expirated blood can indicate mechanisms like gunshots, beatings, or stabbings. Proper interpretation requires considering how bloodstains may alter over time.

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    of 27

    Bloodstain Pattern

    Analysis
    Dr Rizwan Zafar . MBBS, DMJ
    Lecturer, Forensic Medicine
    Deptt CMH Lahore Medical
    College.
    Summary
     What is Blood?
     Determining Distance of Blood
     Determining Direction of Blood
     Types of Blood Stain Patterns
    What is Blood?
    Introduction to Blood
    Blood Spatter (or splatter)

    Blood drops form different shapes and sizes


    Blood spatter analysis uses the shapes and
    sizes to reconstruct the crime scene.
    Blood Spatter > Distance

    Determining Distance Blood Falls

    Blood drops fall as small spheres


    Blood Spatter > Distance

    Determining Distance Blood Falls

     Drops form circle when hitting surface


     Size depends on speed of blood drop
    Blood Spatter > Distance

    Determining Distance Blood Falls


    Faster drop = larger diameter (size)
    Higher distance = larger diameter

    Due to air resistance, speed maxes out at


    distances above about 7 feet
    Blood Spatter > Distance

    Determining Distance Blood Falls


    However, size of drop also depends on the
    volume of the drop.

    Volume depends on the object blood


    originated from (needle = small; bat = large).
    Blood Spatter > Distance

    Determining Distance Blood Falls

    Since the volume of blood is unknown…

    The distance a drop has fallen


    cannot be measured.
    Blood Spatter

    Effect of Surface

     Smooth surface = smooth sphere


     Rough surface may cause some splatter
    Blood Spatter > Direction

    Determining Direction of Blood

    Narrow end of a blood drop will point in the


    direction of travel.
    Blood Spatter > Direction

    Determining Direction of Blood

    If more than one drop (from spatter) results,


    the point of origin can be determined
    Blood Spatter > Direction

    Determining Direction of Blood

    If more than one drop (from spatter) results,


    the point of origin can be determined
    Blood Spatter > Direction

    Determining Direction of Blood

    This is a 2-dimensional point of origin.


    It is possible to determine the 3-D point of origin
    Blood Spatter > Direction

    Determining Direction of Blood


     The angle can be determined
    mathematically.
     Width/Length, then take the
    inverse sin (sin-1 ).
     This number is the impact
    angle (90 = perpendicular to
    surface; <10 at a sharp angle)
    Blood Spatter > Direction

     For each blood


    drop, a string can
    be guided back to
    the point of origin.
    Blood Spatter

    Types of Spatter
     Spattered Blood = random distribution of
    bloodstains that vary in size
     Amount of blood and amount of force affect
    the size of blood spatter.
     Can result from gunshot, stabbing, beating
    Blood Spatter

    Spattered Blood can:


     Help determine the location of the origin of
    the blood source.
     Help determine the mechanism which
    created the pattern.
    Blood Spatter

    Spattered Blood
    In general, for higher impacts, the pattern is
    more spread out and the individual stains
    are smaller.

    Low impact = beating


    High impact = gunshot
    Blood Spatter

    Types of Spatter

    Gunshot Spatter = can result in a mist-like


    spatter that indicates a gunshot.

     Not all gunshots will result in misting.


     If misting is present, it is most likely a
    gunshot.
    Blood Spatter

    Gunshot Spatter

    Gunshots result in back spatter


    (where bullet enters) and forward
    spatter (where bullet exits).
    Blood Spatter

    Types of Spatter

    Beating and Stabbing Spatter = larger


    individual stains

    First blow usually doesn’t result in spatter


    since there is not yet any exposed blood.
    Blood Spatter

    Types of Spatter

    Satellite Spatter = free falling drops of blood


    that fall onto a spatter pattern.
     These drips are usually much larger than
    impact spatter.
     However, blood dripping into blood can
    create a spatter.
    Blood Spatter

    Types of Spatter

    Castoff Pattern = Blood flung off of


    swinging object.

    Can reconstruct where assailant and victim


    were positioned.
    Blood Spatter

    Types of Spatter

    Expirated Bloodstain Pattern = Blood can


    accumulate in lungs, sinuses, and airway.
    Forcibly exhaled.
     Can appear like beating or gunshot pattern.
     May be mixed with saliva or nasal
    secretions.
    Blood Spatter

    Alteration of bloodstain over time

     Blood dries and clots over time.


     Difficult to estimate the time the blood exited
    the body.
     Clotted smears can indicate time of movement.

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