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    The Male and Female Reproductive System

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    Kelli McDaniel Marchbanks
    The document summarizes key aspects of human sexual reproduction. It describes how sperm and egg cells are produced in the male and female reproductive systems, and how they join during fertilization. It also explains the menstrual cycle, including how the lining of the uterus thickens each month in preparation for a potential pregnancy.

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    The Male and Female Reproductive System

    Uploaded by

    Kelli McDaniel Marchbanks
    150 views11 pages
    The document summarizes key aspects of human sexual reproduction. It describes how sperm and egg cells are produced in the male and female reproductive systems, and how they join during fertilization. It also explains the menstrual cycle, including how the lining of the uterus thickens each month in preparation for a potential pregnancy.

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    The document summarizes key aspects of human sexual reproduction. It describes how sperm and egg cells are produced in the male and female reproductive systems, and how they join during fertilization. It also explains the menstrual cycle, including how the lining of the uterus thickens each month in preparation for a potential pregnancy.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    150 views11 pages

    The Male and Female Reproductive System

    Uploaded by

    Kelli McDaniel Marchbanks
    The document summarizes key aspects of human sexual reproduction. It describes how sperm and egg cells are produced in the male and female reproductive systems, and how they join during fertilization. It also explains the menstrual cycle, including how the lining of the uterus thickens each month in preparation for a potential pregnancy.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

     

      
       

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    Sex Cells

    r Life begins at the joining of two cells


    r Egg- female sex cell
    r Sperm- male sex cell
    r Fertilization- joining of a sperm and an egg
    r Reproduction- the process by which living things
    produce new individuals of the same type
    r Zygote- fertilized egg
    r Sex cells contain chromosomes
    r Chromosomes- rod shaped structures that carry the
    information that controls inherited characteristics
    r Every cell in the body contains 46 chromosomes; sex
    cells only contain 23
    Vhe Male Reproductive System- Vestes
    r Vhe male reproductive system
    is specialized to produce sperm
    and the hormone testosterone
    r Vestes- organs of the male
    reproductive system in which
    sperm are produced
    r Vestes are actually clusters of
    tiny coiled tubes where sperm
    is formed
    r Vestosterone- hormone
    produced by the testes that
    controls the development of
    physical characteristics in men,
    including facial hair, deep
    voice, etc.
    r Scrotum- external pouch of
    skin which contains the testes
    and is slightly cooler than the
    body
    Sperm Cells
    r Production of sperm cells
    begins during the teenage
    years
    r Sperm is composed of a head
    that contains chromosomes
    and a whiplike tail
    r Sperm form and are mixed
    with fluids produced by
    glands
    r Semen- mixture of sperm and
    fluids
    r Semen contains 5-10 million
    sperm per drop
    r Penis- organ through which
    sperm leave the body
    r Semen leaves the body
    through the urethra while
    bladder muscles contract
    Vhe Female Reproductive System- Ovaries
    r Vhe female reproductive system
    functions to produce eggs and,
    if an egg is fertilized, to nourish
    a developing baby until birth
    r Ovaries- located slightly below
    the waist, one on each side of
    the body, they produce egg cells
    r Ovaries are endocrine glands
    that produce hormones
    r Estrogen- a hormone that
    triggers the development of
    some adult female
    characteristics, such as hip
    widening and breast
    development
    Egg Cells
    ß Ovaries are near oviducts-
    fallopian tubes
    ß Each month, one of the ovaries
    releases a mature egg into the
    oviduct
    ß Vhe egg travels through the
    oviduct to the uterus- a hollow
    muscular organ about the size of a
    pear.
    ß Fertilized eggs remain in the
    uterus to develop
    ß Non-fertilized eggs break down in
    the uterus and exit through the
    cervix.
    ß Vhe egg then enters the vagina- a
    muscular passageway leading to
    the outside of the body (birth
    canal)
    ß Babies leave the mother¶s body
    through the vagina during birth
    Vhe Menstrual Cycle
    r Female reproductive
    system becomes mature
    during the teenage years
    r Females are born with all
    400 thousand of their eggs,
    of which only about 500
    will actually mature and
    leave the ovaries
    r An egg is released about
    once a month
    r Menstrual Cycle- the
    monthly cycle of changes
    that occur in the female
    reproductive system
    Stages of the Cycle
    r Menstrual cycle begins when an
    egg matures in the ovary.
    r Vhe lining of the uterus begins to
    thicken
    r Halfway through a cycle, the egg
    is released into an oviduct
    (ovulation)
    r Vhe egg can now be fertilized for
    a few days if sperm are present
    r Unfertilized eggs begin to break
    down with lining of the uterus
    r Menstruation- blood and tissue
    of the thickened lining pass out
    of the body through the vagina
    r Menstruation lasts 4-6 days
    r A new egg begins to mature in
    the ovary during menstruation
    Endocrine Control

    r Vhe menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones of the


    endocrine system
    r Hormones can trigger a girl¶s first menstruation
    r Girls begin menstruation between 10 and 14
    r Women continue to menstruate until about age 50
    r At that age (menopause), production of sex
    hormones drop and ovaries stop releasing mature
    egg cells
    Review

    r What specialized cells are produced in the male and female reproductive
    systems?
    r Male- sperm cells; female- egg cells
    r How does the uterus change during the menstrual cycle?
    r Vhe lining of the uterus thickens during the beginning of the cycle. If the
    egg is not fertilized after its release, the lining of the uterus breaks down
    and menstruation begins.
    r How does a sperm¶s structure help it function?
    r Vhe head of the sperm cell is a package of chromosomes. Vhe tail helps the
    sperm swim toward the egg.
    r What is ovulation? How often does it occur?
    r Ovulation consists of the release of a mature egg from an ovary. It occurs
    about once a month.
    r In what ways are the functions of the ovaries and the testes similar? How
    are they different?
    r Both produce sex cells and hormones. Vestes produce sperm and
    testosterone, while ovaries produce eggs and estrogen.

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