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    Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM)

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    omarhanandeh
    DPCM is a signal coding technique that uses predictive coding to reduce the amount of information needs to be transmitted. It works by predicting the next sample value based on previous samples, and transmitting only the difference or error between the predicted and actual value. This difference can be encoded with fewer bits than the original sample. DPCM takes advantage of the high correlation and redundancy between consecutive samples in signals like speech. It provides bandwidth savings over traditional PCM by transmitting fewer bits per sample.

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    Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM)

    Uploaded by

    omarhanandeh
    300 views11 pages
    DPCM is a signal coding technique that uses predictive coding to reduce the amount of information needs to be transmitted. It works by predicting the next sample value based on previous samples, and transmitting only the difference or error between the predicted and actual value. This difference can be encoded with fewer bits than the original sample. DPCM takes advantage of the high correlation and redundancy between consecutive samples in signals like speech. It provides bandwidth savings over traditional PCM by transmitting fewer bits per sample.

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    DPCM is a signal coding technique that uses predictive coding to reduce the amount of information needs to be transmitted. It works by predicting the next sample value based on previous samples, and transmitting only the difference or error between the predicted and actual value. This difference can be encoded with fewer bits than the original sample. DPCM takes advantage of the high correlation and redundancy between consecutive samples in signals like speech. It provides bandwidth savings over traditional PCM by transmitting fewer bits per sample.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    300 views11 pages

    Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM)

    Uploaded by

    omarhanandeh
    DPCM is a signal coding technique that uses predictive coding to reduce the amount of information needs to be transmitted. It works by predicting the next sample value based on previous samples, and transmitting only the difference or error between the predicted and actual value. This difference can be encoded with fewer bits than the original sample. DPCM takes advantage of the high correlation and redundancy between consecutive samples in signals like speech. It provides bandwidth savings over traditional PCM by transmitting fewer bits per sample.

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    Differential Pulse Code Modulation

    (DPCM)

    Omar Hanandeh

    Differential Pulse Code Modulation


    (DPCM)

    Differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) is a signal


    coder that uses the baseline of pulse-code modulation
    (PCM) but adds some functionalities based on the
    prediction of the samples of the signal.

    X(t
    )

    Sampler

    +
    -

    Pridictor

    Quantize
    r

    Encoder

    10110001010
    10

    How DPCM Can save bandwidth ?


    Send true samples occasionally.
    In between, send only relative change from
    previous predicted value.
    dt = xt-xt-1
    Change values can be sent using a fewer number
    of bits (3-bits instead of 8-bits Maybe)
    Sampling
    22 21 21 22 22 21 21
    values
    0
    8
    9
    0
    2
    9
    8
    Sequence sent 22 -2 +1 +1 +2 -3 -1
    0
    Encoding Bits
    8
    3
    3
    3
    3
    3
    3

    Implementation of DPCM

    Open - Loop Linear


    DPCM

    Predictor
    Predictor is a filter that performs an algorithm predicts the next
    sample based on the previous samples, and the encoder stores
    only the difference between this prediction and the actual value.

    A:

    Forward Linear Prediction Circuit

    Prediction
    Coefficient

    Specifications of Open-Looped DPCM


    For slowly varying signals .
    Prediction is based on original un-quantized sample.
    Take the difference relative to the output of sampler.
    Difference can be quantized.

    Close-Loop DPCM : Quantized Predictive system

    difference between two consecutive quantized


    samples

    Conclusion
    It is observed that Some signals(e.g. speech signal ) does not change

    fast (Slowly Variant), It means that the sample are highly correlated with
    each
    other so if you lost one sample then you can predict it
    The DPCM technique takes advantages of this to utilizes the redundancy
    present in the speech waveform by encoding only the difference
    between successive samples and the receiver recovers the signal by
    integration.
    Range of sample difference is less than the range of individual samples
    hence it can be coded with fewer number of bits.
    For audio, this type of encoding reduces the number of bits required per
    sample by about 25% compared to PCM.

    References
    1. Differential PCM for Speech and Data Signals, J. B. ONEL - 1972
    2. Differential Quantization of Communication Signals, C. Chapin Cutler,
    1952

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