Aterial Specification & All Thickness Calculation

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION
& WALL THICKNESS

CALCULATION
Sonny Okta Hanaka & Arif Hary Saputro
REKAYASA INDUSTRI - EPC Acceleration
25 April 2008
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. FLOW TO DEVELOP MATERIAL SPECIFICATION
3. DESIGN CONDITION
4. MATERIAL CLASS
5. PRESSURE-TEMPERATURE RATING
6. LINE SPEC
7. SERVICES
8. MATERIAL
9. CODE
10.CORROSION ALLOWANCE
11.WALL THICKNESS CALCULATION
12.PIPING MATERIAL COMPONENT
INTRODUCTION
Piping material specification is a document to be used
on a project execution in order to guide the selection
of piping component material that used on specific
condition on specific project by an EPC Contractor
Piping material specification shall be developed on the
early stage of a project (Front End Engineering Design
Stage), usually included in the BID Document from the
owner of the project, developed by FEED Contractor
Rekayasas WI no. 7240-WI-01-01-04 (Piping Material
Specification and Selection)
FEED
EPC
INTRODUCTION
Information:
Services
Material
Class/Rating
Code
Line Specification
Pressure-Temperature Rating
Corrosion Allowance
Pipe Size and Wall Thickness
End Connection and Facing
Piping component with their description and
specification
FLOW TO DEVELOP
MATERIAL
SPECIFICATION
Attachment 2
WI no. 7240-WI-01-0104
DESIGN PRESSURE
The design pressure of each component in a
piping system shall be not less than the
pressure at the most severe condition of
coincident internal or external pressure and
temperature (minimum or maximum) expected
during service
The most severe condition is that which results
in the greatest required component thickness
and the highest component rating.
Process engineer will add multiplier/addition for
safety factor for the design pressure
References : ASME B31.3
DESIGN TEMPERATURE
The design temperature of each component in a piping
system is the temperature at which, under the
coincident pressure, the greatest thickness or highest
component rating is required in accordance design
pressure (To satisfy the requirements of design
pressure, different components in the same piping
system may have different design temperatures.)
In establishing design temperatures, consider at least
the fluid temperatures, ambient temperatures, solar
radiation, heating or cooling medium temperatures,
and the some other requirements.
Process engineer will add multiplier/addition for safety
factor for the design pressure
References : ASME B31.3
MATERIAL CLASS
Based on operating or design
condition : Pressure rating (ASME 125,
150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500)
For high pressure fluid services, the
system need to be analyzed separately
(alternatively using Chapter IX of ASME
B.31.3)
Pressure-Temperat
ure Rating
ASME B16.5 (for
Flange pressure
temperature
rating)
Other pressure PT Rating:
Based on the
maximum allowable
working pressure
Based on Ball valve
seat
Based on Butterfly
valve seat
Based on branch
connection
LINE SPEC
Is a naming system used to identify the
class of a piping item on a project.
Usually included in the line number.
Minimum information from line spec
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SERVICES
Material selection shall be based on the working fluid
(from P&ID)
Material selected before development of material
specification document.
Optimum between Material or corrosion allowance
selected (wall thickness)
Material selection parameters: service, design
pressure and design temperature
Example:
Sour (sulfur) => corrosive =>Nace MR0175 (max hardness 22
HRC)
Amine (dirty)
Caustic (corrosive)
Etc.
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MATERIAL
Standard : ASTM, API, MSS, JIS, DIN, BS, etc.
Type of materials: Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Alloy
Steel, Duplex Steel, Composite
Treatment on material:Nace MR0175, Galvanized,
Cladding, etc, Heat treatment
Piping component material combination:
Material
Pipe
Fitting
Forgin
g
Carbon
ASTM
ASTM
ASTM
Steel
A106 Gr- A234
A105
(CS)
B
WPBfrom pipe,
Wrought
: made
Casting
Plate
ASTM
ASTM
A216
A515 GrforWCB
fitting 60
Forging : valve body, flange

Casting : valve body
Plate : spectacle blind
Temp.
(oC)
-29 to 427
Other combination : (1) (2)

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CODE
Based on Code used:
ASME B31.1 Power Piping
ASME B31.3 Process Piping
ASME B31.4 Pipe Line Transportation Systems For
Liquid Hydrocarbons And Other Liquids
ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission And Distribution
Piping System
Note : Latest version of the code shall be used
Corrosion Allowance
Corrosion rate:
Some fluid available on NACE standard, or
Calculated based on the data
Empirical and environmental data (i.e.
bacteria)
Based on the designed service life on a

specific operating condition (temperature,
pressure, service fluid=> corrosion rate
Wall Thickness Calculation

Wall Thickness of pipe shall consider corrosion
allowance and pipe mill tolerance
Wall thickness calculation for underground pipe,
vacuum pipe and steam jacketing pipe shall be
considered as external loading condition
WALL THICKNESS CALCULATION
Pipe Wall Thickness Designation

Original
STD, XS, XXS
Schedule
5,5S,10,10S, 20,20S,30,40,40S,
60,80,80S,100,120,140,160
STD=Standard, XS=Extra Strong, XXS=Double XS

Above schedule designation is based on ASME B36.10M
Sch followed by S is used for stainless steel (ASME
B36.19M)
Other wall thickness designation is based on API
Rekayasas WI no. 7240-WI-01-01-03 (Piping Wall
Thickness Calculation)
Wall Thickness Calculation (for

B31.3)
Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure for t<D/6 (304.1.2 of B31.3):

t = Pressure design thickness
D = outside diameter of pipe
S = allowable stress of pipe
P = design pressure
T = design temperature
Y = factor
c = corrosion allowance
Wall thickness calculation

E = welding joint factor
Minimum Wall Thickness

Due to handling and storing purposes, pipe shall have
minimum thickness:
For
carbon steel:
1 1/2 and below : Sch 80
2 6 : Sch 40
8 14
: Sch 20
16 and above
: 6.4 mm (0.25 in.)
For
stainless steel:
1 and below : Sch
1 1/2 8
: Sch
10 12
: Sch
14 and above
40S
10S
10S
: 5 mm (0.2 in.)
For suction and discharge reciprocating machinery pipe:

1 and below : sch 160
Pipe Wall Thickness Designation
PIPE SIZE DESIGNATION
NPS=Nominal Pipe Size (in.); DN=Diameter Nominal

(mm)
PIPING MATERIAL COMPONENT

PIPE
VALVE
FITTING
FLANGE
GASKET & PACKING
BOLT & NUT
PIPE
Type of Pipe (manufacturing):
Seamless Pipe
Welded Pipe
Electric Resistance Welded (ERW)

Electric Fusion Welded (EFW)
Submerge Arc Welded (SAW)
Direction of join
Longitudinal
Spiral
Pipe Length
Single random length (+/- 6 m)
Double random length (+/- 12 m)
End Connection
Threaded => on coated pipe (to avoid welding connection)
ASME B1.1 (Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR thread Form))
ASME B1.20.1 (Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch))
PE (Plain End) => on small size pipe
BE (Bevel End)
VALVE
Stopping, allowing, or diverting fluid flow
from one place to another
Type:
Gate valve
Globe Valve
Ball Valve
Butterfly Valve
Check Valve
Plug Valve
Etc.
Most used valve standards

B16.34 : material Body, dimension
B16.10 : end to end dimension
API 600 : Bolted Bonnet Steel Gate Valves for Petroleum and
Natural Gas Industries
API 602 : small bore valve
API 598 : Valve Inspection and Testing
API 594 : Wafer and Wafer-Lug Check Valves
API 6D : Pipeline Valve
API 6FA : fire test on valve
API 607 : fire test for soft seated valve
Other : BS EN, DIN, AWWA, etc.
VALVE
Material
Trim
Standard
Hand wheel
Full Bore/Reduced Bore => due to
pigging requirement
Class
VALVE - Operation
Due to force needed to operate the valve, higher
rating and higher size of valve need more force to
operate the valve and use hand gear operated.
The operating force at the half opening position by
the hand wheel or lever shall not exceed 27 kgf:
RATIN
G
GAT GLOB BAL BUTTERFL

E
E
L
Y
125/150
14
12
300
12
10
600
10
1500
2500
FITTINGS
Dimension based on:
ASME B16.9 Factory Made Wrought Steel
Butt Welding Fittings
ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket
Welding and Threads
Wall thickness of fittings same as the

pipe schedule
FITTINGS
Rating for
socket weld
and thread
fitting
Bolts and nuts

The thread of bolt and nut based on
ANSI/ASME B1.1
Dimension of Bolt and Nuts according
to ASME B18.2.1 and ASME B18.2.2
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What are the main components of a piping system discussed in the document?

What are the main components of a piping system discussed in the document?

What are some of the factors considered when establishing design temperature?

What are some of the factors considered when establishing design temperature?

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

& WALL THICKNESS

click for PDF

Forging : valve body, flange

Other combination : (1) (2)

Based on the designed service life on a

Wall Thickness Calculation

WALL THICKNESS CALCULATION

Pipe Wall Thickness Designation

STD=Standard, XS=Extra Strong, XXS=Double XS

Wall Thickness Calculation (for

Straight Pipe Under Internal Pressure for t<D/6 (304.1.2 of B31.3):

Wall thickness calculation

Minimum Wall Thickness

For suction and discharge reciprocating machinery pipe:

Pipe Wall Thickness Designation

PIPE SIZE DESIGNATION

NPS=Nominal Pipe Size (in.); DN=Diameter Nominal

PIPING MATERIAL COMPONENT

Electric Resistance Welded (ERW)

Most used valve standards

GAT GLOB BAL BUTTERFL

Wall thickness of fittings same as the

Bolts and nuts

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