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    Pressure Vessel - Columns - Animate

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    Samir Chaudhary
    This document discusses distillation columns, which separate liquid or vapor mixtures into purified components. It begins by explaining that a distillation column introduces a liquid mixture near the middle, with the feed dividing the column into upper and lower sections. Vapors rise and condense, with purified components exiting at the top and bottom. The document then summarizes different types of distillation columns, including batch vs. continuous processes. It also describes various internals like trays and packings that enhance contact between vapors and liquids to improve separation. Tray types including bubble cap, valve, and sieve trays are defined. Finally, it discusses critical dimensions for tray support rings, bolting bars, downcomers, and welding requirements.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Pressure Vessel - Columns - Animate

    Uploaded by

    Samir Chaudhary
    459 views16 pages
    This document discusses distillation columns, which separate liquid or vapor mixtures into purified components. It begins by explaining that a distillation column introduces a liquid mixture near the middle, with the feed dividing the column into upper and lower sections. Vapors rise and condense, with purified components exiting at the top and bottom. The document then summarizes different types of distillation columns, including batch vs. continuous processes. It also describes various internals like trays and packings that enhance contact between vapors and liquids to improve separation. Tray types including bubble cap, valve, and sieve trays are defined. Finally, it discusses critical dimensions for tray support rings, bolting bars, downcomers, and welding requirements.

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    pressure vessel

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    This document discusses distillation columns, which separate liquid or vapor mixtures into purified components. It begins by explaining that a distillation column introduces a liquid mixture near the middle, with the feed dividing the column into upper and lower sections. Vapors rise and condense, with purified components exiting at the top and bottom. The document then summarizes different types of distillation columns, including batch vs. continuous processes. It also describes various internals like trays and packings that enhance contact between vapors and liquids to improve separation. Tray types including bubble cap, valve, and sieve trays are defined. Finally, it discusses critical dimensions for tray support rings, bolting bars, downcomers, and welding requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    459 views16 pages

    Pressure Vessel - Columns - Animate

    Uploaded by

    Samir Chaudhary
    This document discusses distillation columns, which separate liquid or vapor mixtures into purified components. It begins by explaining that a distillation column introduces a liquid mixture near the middle, with the feed dividing the column into upper and lower sections. Vapors rise and condense, with purified components exiting at the top and bottom. The document then summarizes different types of distillation columns, including batch vs. continuous processes. It also describes various internals like trays and packings that enhance contact between vapors and liquids to improve separation. Tray types including bubble cap, valve, and sieve trays are defined. Finally, it discusses critical dimensions for tray support rings, bolting bars, downcomers, and welding requirements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16
    At a glance
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    The document discusses different types of distillation columns, their components and internals. It focuses on tray support rings, bolting bars, downcomers and welding requirements.

    The main types of distillation columns discussed are batch columns, continuous columns, binary columns and multi-component columns.

    The main types of trays discussed are sieve trays, valve trays and bubble cap trays.

    THE PRESSURE VESSEL - DISTILLATION

    COLUMN

    The Pressure vessel Column:


    A process in which a liquid or
    vapour mixture of two or more
    substances is separated into
    its component fractions of
    desired purity, by the
    application and removal of
    heat.

    COLUMN
    SCHEMATIC VIEW OF COLUMN AND OTHER
    ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENTS

    TV India, member of TV NORD Group

    Prepared & Presented by


    NATARAJAN S.
    30/01/2015

    THE PRESSURE VESSEL - DISTILLATION COLUMN


    The liquid mixture that is to
    be processed is known as
    the feed and this is
    introduced usually
    somewhere near the middle
    of the column to
    a tray known as the feed
    tray. The feed tray divides
    the column into a top
    section and a bottom
    section. The feed flows
    down the column where it
    is collected at the bottom in
    the reboiler.
    CROSS SECTION OF A TYPICAL COLUMN

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    TYPES OF DISTILLATION COLUMNS


    Types of distillation columns:
    Batch Column
    Continuous Column
    TYPICAL VIEW OF COLUMNS AT SITE
    BASED ON THE LAYOUT AND SERVICE
    CONDITIONS AS DESIRED

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    TYPES & ITS DETAILS

    Batch column:
    In batch operation, the feed
    to the column is introduced
    batch-wise. That is, the
    column is charged with a
    'batch' and then the
    distillation process is carried
    out. When the desired task is
    achieved, a next batch of
    feed is introduced. Thus this
    process is not a continuous
    process, untill the final
    product is reached,

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    TYPES & ITS BRIEFS


    Continuous Columns:
    In continuous columns, the feed
    stream is continuous. No
    interruptions occur unless there
    is a problem with the column or
    surrounding process units.

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    SUB DIVISION OF COLUMNS


    Continuous Column:
    Further sub divided based on:--

    The nature of the feed that they are processing,


    Binary column - Feed contains only two components,
    Multi-component column - Feed contains more than two components,
    The number of product streams they have

    Single product column column has only one product streams


    Multi-product column - column has more than two product streams,

    Extra feed to help with the separation,


    Azeotropic distillation - where the extra feed appears at the top product stream
    Extractive distillation - where the extra feed appears in the bottom product
    stream,

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    SUB DIVISION OF COLUMNS


    The type of column internals
    Packed column - where instead of trays, 'packings' are used to
    enhance contact between vapour and liquid,

    Tray column - where trays of various designs are used to hold up


    the liquid to provide better contact between vapour and liquid,
    hence better separation, & most effective way of distillation &
    separation.

    Trays further divided into three types:


    1) Bubble cap trays
    2) Valve trays
    3) Sieve trays

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    TYPES OF INTERNAL TRAYS


    Bubble cap trays
    A bubble cap tray
    has riser or
    chimney fitted over
    each hole, and a
    cap that covers the
    riser.
    CAP & RISER
    CAP FITTED ON
    RISER

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    RISER

    30/01/2015

    TYPES OF INTERNAL TRAYS


    Valve trays
    In valve trays, perforations are
    covered by liftable caps.
    Vapour flows lifts the caps,
    thus self creating a flow area
    for the passage of vapour.
    The lifting cap directs the
    vapour to flow horizontally into
    the liquid, thus providing better
    mixing than that of sieve trays.

    TRAY

    LIFTABLE
    CAPS

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    TYPES OF INTERNAL TRAYS

    Sieve trays
    Sieve trays are simply
    metal plates with holes
    in them. Vapour passes
    straight upward through
    the liquid on the plate.
    The arrangement,
    number and size of the
    holes are design
    parameters.

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    NO ADDITIONAL
    ATTACHMENTS ONLY
    HOLES IN THE TRAY

    30/01/2015

    10

    SQUARENESS OF SHELL
    What is a squareness ?
    Squareness.why so Important?
    How it is associated with the
    Vessel Axis alignment, Nozzles,
    External Cleats, other non Pressure
    parts, TSRs & other internal
    attachment on equipment ?

    Shell placed on rotators


    Plumb Bob

    Rotating
    Direction

    How the squareness is untangled ?


    Rotators

    How to regain it to meet the required


    squareness ?

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    Measure this distance at minimum 8 locations


    by rotating the shell, it must be within + 1mm

    9/29/16

    11

    TSR

    What is TSR ?

    Welding requirement,
    With hole / Without hole,
    Continuous / Splitted,
    Downcomer orientation
    Top side Levelness,
    Inter-distance between two TSR,
    Elevation & its accuracy from
    BTL,
    TRAY SUPPORT RING ( TSR )

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    12

    BOLTING BAR

    CRITICAL
    DIMENSIONS

    What are Bolting Bars ?


    Single / Pair,
    Drilled hole / Slotted,
    Inter distance between two
    bolting bars,
    Accuracy of Top edge of BB
    to Top face of
    TSR,
    Accuracy of First Hole of BB
    to Top Face of
    TSR,
    Accuracy of Longitudinal edge of BB to
    Start of TSR,
    Linearity levelness / Inter bolting bar
    levelness
    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    13

    DOWNCOMER IN TSR
    DOWNCOMER

    What are Downcomer ?

    One way / Two way / Three way ,


    Orientation ,

    What are Seal Pan ?

    Orientation,
    Functionality of seal pan,
    Bolting bar slot accuracy

    TRAY SUPPORT RING


    DOWNCOMER

    TRAY

    30/01/2015

    14

    WELDING CRITICALITY,

    Welding criticality

    AREAS TO BE LEFT
    WITHOUT WELDING

    Areas to leave without welding


    Top side Perpendicularity of TSR to BB

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    30/01/2015

    15

    THANK YOU

    TUV INDIA, Member of TV NORD Group

    9/29/16

    16

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