Presentation On GHARANA

PRESENTATION ON
Gharana-origin & development
PRESENTED BY-
LAWRENCE MOHRA
5TH SEMESTER
DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC
SIKKIM UNIVERSITY
GHARANA
In Hindustani music, a gharn is a system of social organization linking musicians or

dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and by adherence to a particular musical style. A
gharana also indicates a comprehensive musicological ideology. This ideology sometimes
changes substantially from one gharana to another. It directly affects the thinking,
teaching, performance and appreciation of music.
The word gharana comes from the Urdu/Hindi word 'ghar', which means 'family' or
'house'. It typically refers to the place where the musical ideology originated; for example,
some of the gharanas well known for singing khyals are: Agra, Gwalior, Indore, Jaipur,
Kirana, and Pattiala.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GHARANAS
1. A special social uniform group

2. A extended family
3. A musical tradition based on the perception of a style geniuses pioneer
4. A institution for impurity rigorous training in music
5. Existence of at least up to three continuous generations
6. Preservation of a tradition by keeping retrain and purity
KHAYAL GHARANAS
The gharana system in khyal was rooted in the guru-shishya tradition and was similar to
the Dhrupad Bani system. The gharana system was greatly influenced by the gradual fall
of the Mughal Empire, which forced musicians to move from Delhi to princely states
such as Gwalior, Lucknow, Hyderabad, Patiala and Rampur.
The gharanas have distinct styles of presenting the khyal how much to emphasize and
how to enunciate the words of the composition, when to sing the sthayi and antara,
whether to sing an unmetered alap in the beginning, what kinds of improvisations to
use, how much importance to give to the rhythmic aspect, and so on. However, an
individual performer from a gharana may choose to borrow appealing stylistic aspects
of another gharana in his or her gayaki.
THUMRI GHARANAS
In the Benares Thumri Gharana, the words in the text of a song are musically embellished to bring
out their meaning, while the Lucknow gharana presents intricately embellished and delicate thumris
that are explicit in their eroticism. The principal feature of the thumri of the Patiala gharana is its
incorporation of the tappa from the Punjab region. It is with this tappa element that the Patiala
gharana makes its impact, departing from the khyal-dominated Benaras thumris and the dance-
oriented Lucknow thumris.
Benares Thumri Gharana, revived by Siddheshwari Devi, Rasoolan Bai, Badi Moti Bai, Mahadev
Mishra, Girija Devi(mid-20th Century), founded by Kirtankars (13th-Century).[citation needed]
Patiala Thumri Gharana, founded by Ustad Fateh Ali Khan and Ustad Ali Baksh Khan in Patiala,
Punjab (18th Century).
TABLA GHARANAS
The following are the six widely accepted Tabla Gharanas. The prominent Tabla Gharanas are in bold
(ordered based on chronology of founding):
Delhi gharana is the oldest of the Tabla Gharanas.
Ajrara gharana is an offshoot of and closely associated with the Delhi Gharana.
Lucknow gharana was revived by the great personality DRISHTI the great RASTOGI,(Middle 20th
century), Swapan Chaudhuri (late 20th Century), has rhythmic development through Kathak.Also
Prof.Biswajit Bhattacharjee.(R.B.U.) (Specialist in KATHAKI Baaz) is direct disciple of Late Ustad Wazid
Hussain Khalifa and completed his training under the able guidance of his father Pandit.Anil
Bhattacharjee,
The disciple of WazidHussain.Mrs.Nibedita Bhattacharjee[Bagchi]Daughter of Pt.Anil
Bhattacharjee,Mr.Timir Roy Chowdhury( Disciple of Khalifa Ustad Afaq Hussain Khan).
SITAR GHARANAS

1. Imdadkhani (Etawah) Gharana, founded by Imdad Khan (Sitar, Surbahar)
The imdadkhani gharana is a north Indian school of sitar and surbahar music. It as named
after its founder, imdad khan (1848-1920), and is also known as the etawah gharana, after a small
town close to agra where imdad khan lived.
2. Maihar gharana, Maihar
The maihar gharana is a gharana or school of Hindustani or north Indian classical music formed
principally by the sarod maestro ustad allaudin khan in maihar in the Madhya Pradesh state of
India.
3.Bishnupur gharana
The bishnupur gharana (alternatively spelt vishnupur gharana) is a form of singing that follow
the dhrupad tradition of Hindustani music, one of the two forms of Indian classical music. It
originated in bishnupur, west Bengal, India in late 18 th century the name of the town means city
of Vishnu in Bengali. In ancient past, this area known as mallabhum was the adode of malla kings
who were vassals to Mughal Empire who were devotees of lord Vishnu and patrons of music.
4. Senia Gharana
5. Indore Gharana (Beenkar Gharana)
ETAWAH GHARANA OF SITAR
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PRESENTATION ON

Gharana-origin & development

In Hindustani music, a gharn is a system of social organization linking musicians or

1. A special social uniform group

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