Subpart H Hazardous Materials

Subpart H Hazardous Materials
CFR 1910.101-.126
Subpart H - Hazardous Materials
(1910.101 - 126)
Class I liquids - Dispensing

106(e)(6)(ii)
119 *
Compressed gases - Handling, storage and use
109
*
Standard: 1910.
101(b)
Spray booth - Air velocity

107(b)(5)(i)
105 *
Spray areas – Free from combustible residue
107(g)(2)
81 *
Sources of ignition - Precautions
106(e)(6)(i)
79
*
*Average number of Federal OSHA citations

issued between 2000 and 2003
2
1910.101(b) Compressed gases
• The in-plant handling, storage, and

utilization of all compressed gases
in cylinders, portable tanks, rail
tankcars, or motor vehicle cargo
tanks shall be in accordance with
Compressed Gas Association
(CGA) Pamphlet P-1-1965
P-1 Section 3.2 Moving cylinders
• 3.2.2 Do not lift cylinders by

the cap
• 3.2.3 Never drop cylinders
nor permit them to strike
against each other or
against other surfaces
violently
P-1 Section 3.2 Moving cylinders
Lifting magnet
• 3.2.4 Never handle a cylinder with a lifting magnet

• 3.2.5 Avoid dragging or sliding cylinders
P-1 3.3 Storing cylinders
• 3.3.6 Do not store

cylinders near highly Fire is a
threat to
flammable substances
containment!
such as oil, gasoline or
combustible waste MEK
P-1 3.3 Storing cylinders
• 3.3.8 Do not store cylinders near elevators or gangways,

or in locations where heavy moving objects may strike or
fall on them
LP gas stored
near exit
P-1 3.4 Withdrawing cylinder content
• 3.4.2 If cylinder content is not identified by marking,

return cylinder to the supplier without using
I’m not
labeled!
!
ACME
Cylinder Co
P-1 3.4.9 Safe work practices
• Open cylinder slowly

• Point valve opening away from
yourself & others
• Never use wrenches or tools
except those provided by the
supplier or approved by the gas
manufacturer
• Avoid the use of a wrench on a
valve equipped with a handwheel
P-1 3.4.9 Safe work practices
• Never hammer on the valve wheel

• Frozen, corroded valves; contact
the supplier
• Use check valves if cylinder is apt
to be contaminated by feedback of
materials
• Before removing a regulator, close
the cylinder valve and release all
the pressure from the regulator
P-1 3.5 Flammable gases
Indoor cylinder storage

• Well protected
• Well insulated
• Dry
• Twenty feet from
flammable or combustible
O
Fuel materials
x
Gas
y
g
e
20 Feet n
Flammable and Combustible Liquids
CFR 1910.106
Purpose of Standard
• There are two primary hazards associated with

flammable and combustible liquids: explosion and fire
• In order to prevent these hazards, this standard
addresses the primary concerns of:
• Design and construction,
• Ventilation,
• Ignition sources, and
• Storage
1910.106(d) Container and
portable tank storage
• Applies only to the storage of

flammable or combustible liquids:
– Drums or other containers
(including flammable aerosols)
not exceeding 60 gallons
individual capacity and
– Portable tanks not exceeding
660 gallons individual
capacity
1910.106(d) Container and
portable tank storage
• Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be

used
• Metal containers and portable tanks meeting the
requirements of and containing products authorized by
chapter I, title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations
(regulations issued by the Hazardous Materials
Regulations Board, Department of Transportation)
Standard Interpretations
06/22/1998 - Use of plastic containers and
drums for flammable liquids storage
• In your letter, you indicated that the Occupational Safety

and Health Administration's (OSHA's) regulation, 29 CFR
1910.106, requires that such a mixture (Class 1C-
flammable) be stored in a metal container.
• Please note that due to progressing technology and
information available after the issuance of OSHA's
standard, OSHA has approved the usage of large plastic
storage containers and drums for the storage of
flammable liquids.
Standard Interpretations
06/22/1998 - Use of plastic containers and drums
for flammable liquids storage
• These containers, however, must be approved by either

the Department of Transportation, or they must have
been approved by a Nationally Recognized Testing
Laboratory, in order to meet the intent of the standard.
• Therefore, the Department of Transportation's
acceptance of the plastic drums does not represent any
conflict with current OSHA policy.
Flash Point
• The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off

vapor within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to
form an ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the
liquid
• Flash point is normally an indication of susceptibility to
ignition
Flash Point
200 Fº
III
140 Fº
Flash Point Fº
Combustible
II Flash point > 100 Fº
100 Fº
Flammable
IC Flash point < 100 Fº
73 Fº
IA IB
100 Fº
Boiling Point Fº
Ventilation
• Ventilation as specified in this section is for the

prevention of fire and explosion
• It is considered adequate if it is sufficient to prevent
accumulation of significant quantities of vapor-air
mixtures in concentration over one-fourth of the lower
flammable limit
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
• The flammable range includes all concentrations of

flammable vapor or gas in air, in which a flash will occur
or a flame will travel if the mixture is ignited
+ =
Flammable (Explosive) Limits
Explosion Pressure
Flammable Range
LEL UEL
Vapor/Gas Concentration in Air (%)

1910.106(e) Industrial Plants
• Use and handling of flammable or

combustible liquids is only incidental to the
principal business, such as:
• Paint thinner storage in an automobile
assembly plant;
• Solvents used in the construction of
electronic equipment,and;
• Flammable finishing materials used in
furniture manufacturing
1910.106(e)(2(iv) Handling liquids at point of final use
• Flammable liquids shall be kept in covered containers

when not actually in use
1910.106(e)(6) Sources of ignition
• Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent the

ignition of flammable vapors
• Sources of ignition may include:

– Open flames,
– Lightning,
– Smoking,
– Cutting and welding,
– Hot surfaces, frictional heat,
– Sparks (static, electrical, and mechanical),
– Spontaneous ignition,
– Chemical and physical-chemical reactions, and
– Radiant heat
• "Grounding." Class I liquids shall not be dispensed into

containers unless the nozzle and container are
electrically interconnected
Grounding and
bonding wires,
for dispensing
flammables
Process Safety Management of
Highly Hazardous Chemicals
CFR 190.119
1910.119(a) Purpose
• This section contains requirements for preventing or

minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releases of:
• Toxic,
• Reactive,
• Flammable, or
• Explosive chemicals
• These releases may result in
toxic, fire or explosion hazards
1910.119(a)(1)Application
• A process which involves a chemical at or above the

specified threshold quantities listed in Appendix A
• A process which involves a flammable liquid or gas (as
defined in 1910.1200(c) of this part) on site in one
location, in a quantity of 10,000 pounds (4535.9 kg) or
more
1910.119(d) Process safety information
• Pertaining to the hazards of the highly

hazardous chemicals:
– Hazards of the process
– Technology of the process; and,
– The equipment in the process
1910.119(d) Process safety information
• Toxicity information*;
– Permissible exposure limits;
– Physical data;
– Reactivity data:
– Corrosivity data;
– Thermal and chemical stability data; and
– Hazardous effects of inadvertent mixing of different
materials that could foreseeably occur
*Note: Material Safety Data Sheets may be used to comply with this
requirement to the extent they contain the information required
1910.123 Dipping and coating operations:
Coverage and definitions
• (a)(1) This rule (§§1910.123 through 1910.126) applies

when you use a dip tank containing a liquid other than
water. It applies when you use the liquid in the tank or its
vapor to:
– Clean and object
– Coat an object
– Alter the surface of an object, or
– Change the character of an object
Standard Interpretations 04/26/1990 - The use of
flammable and combustible liquids in dip tanks
• OSHA does not exempt dip tanks from coverage

on the basis of size or the volume of liquids held.
• Your three to five gallon dip tank is regulated
under our [1910.123-1910.126] standard.
• There is no volume limit at which this regulation
applies.
1910.124 General requirements for
dipping and coating operations
• (b)(1)The ventilation that you provide to a vapor

area must keep the airborne concentration of any
substance below 25% of its LFL.
• When an employee enters a dip tank, you must
meet the entry requirements of §1910.146,
OSHA's standard for Permit-Required Confined
Spaces, as applicable.
1910.124 General requirements for
dipping and coating operations
• Before permitting an employee to clean the interior of a

dip tank, you must:
(1)Drain the contents of the tank and open the cleanout
doors; and
(2)Ventilate and clear any pockets where hazardous
vapors may have accumulated.

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Subpart H Hazardous Materials

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Subpart H Hazardous Materials

Class I liquids - Dispensing

Spray booth - Air velocity

*Average number of Federal OSHA citations

• The in-plant handling, storage, and

• 3.2.2 Do not lift cylinders by

• 3.2.4 Never handle a cylinder with a lifting magnet

• 3.3.6 Do not store

• 3.3.8 Do not store cylinders near elevators or gangways,

• 3.4.2 If cylinder content is not identified by marking,

• Open cylinder slowly

• Never hammer on the valve wheel

Indoor cylinder storage

• There are two primary hazards associated with

• Applies only to the storage of

• Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be

• In your letter, you indicated that the Occupational Safety

• These containers, however, must be approved by either

• The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off

• Ventilation as specified in this section is for the

• The flammable range includes all concentrations of

Vapor/Gas Concentration in Air (%)

• Use and handling of flammable or

• Flammable liquids shall be kept in covered containers

• Adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent the

• Sources of ignition may include:

• "Grounding." Class I liquids shall not be dispensed into

• This section contains requirements for preventing or

• A process which involves a chemical at or above the

• Pertaining to the hazards of the highly

• (a)(1) This rule (§§1910.123 through 1910.126) applies

• OSHA does not exempt dip tanks from coverage

• (b)(1)The ventilation that you provide to a vapor

• Before permitting an employee to clean the interior of a

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