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    3.5 Applying Archimedes' Principle: Learning Outcome

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    1. Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. 2. Factors that affect buoyant force include the volume of fluid displaced, density of the fluid, and strength of gravitational field. A larger displaced volume or denser fluid results in a greater buoyant force. 3. Applications of Archimedes' principle include ships, submarines, hydrometers, and hot air balloons. Ships float because the buoyant force equals the weight of the ship. Submarines control depth by changing ballast. Hydrometers use differing densities to measure liquid densities. Ballo

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    3.5 Applying Archimedes' Principle: Learning Outcome

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    khodijahamin
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    1. Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. 2. Factors that affect buoyant force include the volume of fluid displaced, density of the fluid, and strength of gravitational field. A larger displaced volume or denser fluid results in a greater buoyant force. 3. Applications of Archimedes' principle include ships, submarines, hydrometers, and hot air balloons. Ships float because the buoyant force equals the weight of the ship. Submarines control depth by changing ballast. Hydrometers use differing densities to measure liquid densities. Ballo

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    3.5 des Principle

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    1. Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. 2. Factors that affect buoyant force include the volume of fluid displaced, density of the fluid, and strength of gravitational field. A larger displaced volume or denser fluid results in a greater buoyant force. 3. Applications of Archimedes' principle include ships, submarines, hydrometers, and hot air balloons. Ships float because the buoyant force equals the weight of the ship. Submarines control depth by changing ballast. Hydrometers use differing densities to measure liquid densities. Ballo

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    128 views25 pages

    3.5 Applying Archimedes' Principle: Learning Outcome

    Uploaded by

    khodijahamin
    1. Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force on an object immersed in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. 2. Factors that affect buoyant force include the volume of fluid displaced, density of the fluid, and strength of gravitational field. A larger displaced volume or denser fluid results in a greater buoyant force. 3. Applications of Archimedes' principle include ships, submarines, hydrometers, and hot air balloons. Ships float because the buoyant force equals the weight of the ship. Submarines control depth by changing ballast. Hydrometers use differing densities to measure liquid densities. Ballo

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    3.

    5 Applying
    Archimedes’ Principle

    Learning Outcome:
     Explain buoyant force,
     Relate buoyant force to the weight of liquid displaced,
     State Archimedes’ principle,
     Describe applications of Archimedes’ principle,
     Solve problems involving Archimedes’ principle.
    Lesson
    1
    Idea of buoyancy

    observation :
    The fishing net is more difficult to pull when more
    of the net is out of the water surface.
    Why ?

    Buoyant force is smaller when the net is less


    immersed into the water .
    Buoyant force
    Top surface
    Pressure = P1, area = A
    F1
    Force, F1 = P1A
    (acting downward)
    Bottom surface
    Pressure = P2, area = A
    Force, F2 = P2A
    F2 (acting upward)
    P2 is greater than P1
    hence F2 is greater than F1

    The net upward force F2- F1 is known as buoyant force


    Volume of fluid displaced
    Volume of object
    is equal to
    volume of fluid
    displaced

    If an object is placed in the container, some


    water will overflow.
    Liquid is displaced by the object.
    Buoyant force

    Object above The deeper the object is, the


    the water level. more liquid displaced, and
    No buoyant the stronger the buoyant force
    force
    Hands-on activity 3.6 pg 61
    Aim : To understand buoyant force.
    Observation :
    Weight of stone in air, Weight of stone in water,
    W1 / N W2 / N

    Discussion :
    1. W2 is less than W1. When an object is
    immersed in water, the weight becomes lighter.
    2. The value of the buoyant force
    = Weight in air – weight in water = ???
    Lesson
    Idea – factors affecting 2

    buoyant force

    Big
    buoyant
    force
    Heavy ferry made of
    steel plates can float.

    Do you Small
    know why ? buoyant A block of
    force steel sink.
    Archimedes’s Principle
    The relationship between buoyant force
    and weight of the fluid displaced was first
    discovered in the third century BC by the
    Greek scientist Archimedes. It is stated
    as follows :
    When an object is wholly or partially
    immersed in a fluid, it experiences a
    buoyant force equal to the weight of the
    fluid displaced.
    A brief history
    1 King of
    Sicily 2

    Goldsmith

    3 4

    Archimedes
    5 6

    An immersed
    body is
    buoyed up by
    a force equal
    to the weight
    7 of the fluid
    After this, Archimedes investigate the relationship displaced.
    between buoyant force and the weight of fluid displaced
    Experiment 3.1 pg 62
    Data
    Weight of plasticine in air , Wa /N
    Weight of plasticine in water,Ww /N
    Weight of empty beaker Wo / N
    Weight of beaker plus displaced water ,W1/N

    Buoyant
    Analysis of Data:
    force
    Apparent loss in weight of the plasticine = Wa – Ww
    Weight of water displaced =W1- Wo
    Lesson
    3
    Factors affecting buoyant force
    Buoyant force = weight of liquid displaced
    Archimede
    = mg s Principle

    = Vg Buoyant
    Volume of
    force Density of the
    fluid
    fluid, 
    displaced,V
    A denser liquid exerts
    A larger volume of the a larger buoyant force.
    object submerged in
    the fluid will
    experience a larger Gravitational
    buoyant force. field strength ,
    g
    Buoyant force = weight of fluid displaced
    (for all cases)
    F F

    floating F

    W
    W

    W
    Totally Partially Immersed just
    immersed submerged under water surface
    Weight of object Weight of object Weight of object
    is greater than is equal to is equal to
    buoyant force buoyant force buoyant force

    Object is denser Object is less Density of object =


    than fluid dense than fluid density of fluid
    Worked example (Exploring pg 189)
    A block of wood with a density of 25000 kg m-3 and
    a mass of 0.3 kg is immersed in a liquid of
    density 15000 kg m-3. Calculate the buoyant
    force acting on the block of wood.
    solution

    Volume of liquid displaced Buoyant = weight of liquid


    force displaced
    = volume of wooden block
    = Mass
    density = Volume x density x g
    = 0.3 = 1.2 x 10-5 x1.5x104 x 10
    25000
    = 1.8 N
    = 1.2 x 10-5 m3
    Worked example (Exploring pg 189)
    A stone weighs 2.5 N. When it is fully submerged in
    a solution, its apparent weight is 2.2 N. Calculate
    the density of the solution if its volume displaced
    by the stone is 25 cm3. [ g= 9.8 N kg-1]

    solution Buoyant force = 0.3 N

    Buoyant = weight of solution


    force displaced
    = Volume x density x g
    0.3 = (25 x10-6)x x 9.8
     = 1224 kg m-3
    25cm-3
    Applications of Archimedes’ Principle

    Hydrometer – to determine the density of


    liquid Which liquid
    is denser ?
    Weight of hydrometer
    = weight of liquid
    displaced Liquid A Liquid B

    A denser liquid has a Lead


    smaller volume shots
    displaced.
    Liquid A is denser
    than liquid B.
    Applications of Archimedes’ Principle
    Ship – To ensure a ship is loaded within
    safe limit.
    Ship can float because the volume of water
    displaced is sufficiently large and buoyant
    force is equal to the weight of ship.

    A ship will submerged deeper in fresh


    water because the density of fresh water
    is less than sea water. To ensure a ship
    is loaded within
    safe limits, the
    Plimsoll line
    marked on the
    body of the ship
    acts as a guide.
    View video

    Applications of Archimedes’ Principle


    Hot air balloon – To rise and float a hot air

    A hotballoon
    air balloonin the air.a large
    displaces
    volume of air.

    The balloon ride upwards when buoyant


    force is greater than its weight.

    The balloon descends when the buoyant


    force is less than its weight.

    The balloon remains stationary in the air


    when buoyant force is equal to its weight.
    View video

    Applications of Archimedes’ Principle


    Submarine – to control the sinking and
    rising of submarine
    Submarine rises by forcing
    compressed air into the ballast tank

    Submarine dives by
    admitting water into the
    ballast tank
    SUMMARY
    1.When an object is immersed in liquid or
    gas, it experiences a buoyant force.
    2. buoyant force =apparent loss in weight
    3. Buoyant force = weight of fluid displaced.
    = Vg
    where V = volume of fluid displaced
     = density of fluid

    4. When an object is floating,


    buoyant force =weight of the object.
    Evaluation
    A

    true

    It is also equal to
    the buoyant
    force
    Evaluation

    A
    B
    C
    Evaluation

    D
    Home work

    Mastery Practice 3.5


    pg 100

    Worksheet 3.5

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