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Cosets and Lagrange Theorem

This document defines cosets and Lagrange's theorem. It defines left and right cosets as subsets of a group G obtained by multiplying elements of a subgroup H by elements of G from the left or right. It states that the number of cosets of a subgroup H divides the order of the entire group G, as stated by Lagrange's theorem.

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Nolvin Jay Galsote
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781 views8 pages

Cosets and Lagrange Theorem

This document defines cosets and Lagrange's theorem. It defines left and right cosets as subsets of a group G obtained by multiplying elements of a subgroup H by elements of G from the left or right. It states that the number of cosets of a subgroup H divides the order of the entire group G, as stated by Lagrange's theorem.

Uploaded by

Nolvin Jay Galsote
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COSETS AND LAGRANGE THEOREM

Definition
Let be a group and a subgroup , let
g be an element in .
is called a left coset of
in .
Example
Let be the group of integers with
addition. We know that is a subgroup and
let this be our . Now g be the element 2 in .
Then,
Definition
The left coset is , but we can similarly
define the right coset of in :
Notes
- The left coset and right coset need not be
the same set.
- The left coset and the right coset are the
same for abelian groups.
Definition
Let be a group and be a subgroup. Then
we say that is a normal subgroup of if
the sets of left and right cosets of and
coincide
Definition
Let be a group and be a normal
subgroup. Then, the group
is a factor group
modulo . The elements in are cosets
of in .
Example
LAGRANGE
Theorem
Let be a group and be a subgroup of
Then, the order of divides the order of .

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