J2EE : Why, What and How

TM

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 Objectives
• Why J2EE?
• What is J2EE?
• How to use J2EE?

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Why J2EE?

Motivation for J2EE

• Need for
– New multi-tier enterprise computing model in
web environment
– A way to bring in different elements of
enterprise application
• Web interface design
• Transaction processing
• Meeting non-functional system requirements:
– Availability, reliability, enhance ability, performance,
scalability, reusability, interoperability
• Timely development and deployment
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Why J2EE?
Two-tier Client/Server
Architecture

Client Server

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Why J2EE?

Simple Web Client/Server

• Interaction of two-tier architecture
• Client: simply accesses web pages
through web browser
• Server: retrieves html documents

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Why J2EE?

CGI-based Web Client/Server

• Interaction of two-tier architecture
• Client: uses service requiring secondary
storage
• Server: manipulates forms, Database
updates, (primitive) electronic commerce
• Fat Server/ Thin Client

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Why J2EE?
Java Applet-based Web
Client/Server
• Interaction of two-tier architecture
• Client: uses Java Applet for client-side
computation
• Server: provides Applet bytecode
• Fat Client/Thin Server

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Why J2EE?
Two-tier Client/Server
Architecture
• So, important processing needs to be run on the server
• Then, Java needs to run on the server too to be more useful  enterprise
• The server is almost like what CGI-programming does
• Client: data access applying business logic and presentation of data
(computation)
• Server: serves only as service-database server, not application server web
server
Client Server

But what is the problem with this architecture? 8

Why J2EE?
Drawbacks of
two tier application architecture

• Easy to deploy, but difficult to enhance or

upgrade
• Reusability of business and presentation
logic difficult
• Not scalable

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Why J2EE?

Vision of J2EE
• An open standard
• Umbrella for anything Java-related
• For designing, developing, assembling,
and deploying component-based
enterprise applications
• Separation of business logic from
presentation
• Reusability, enhanceability, scalability,
interoperability
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Why J2EE?

Separation of Business logic

from Presentation logic
• Presentation logic : display
• Business logic : what the company wants to do

Example: the distribution of different sales figures by diff dept

(business logic) can be represented in many different ways (pie
chart, bar graph, etc)

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 Why J2EE?
• Simplifies the complexity of a building n-
tier application
• Standardizes an API between components
and application server container
• J2EE Application Server and Containers
provide the framework services

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 What is J2EE?
• Defines the standard for developing multitier
enterprise applications
• Simplifies enterprise applications by:
– Basing them on standardized, modular components
– Providing a complete set of services to those
components
– Handling many details of application behavior
automatically, without complex programming

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What is J2EE?

Thin-client Multi-tiered Architecture

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 J2EE Tiers
• Client Presentation
 HTML or Java applets
deployed in Browser
 XML documentations
transmitted through HTTP
 Java clients running in
Client Java Virtual Machine
(JVM)
• Presentation Logic
 Servlets or JavaServer
Pages running in web
server
• Application Logic
 Enterprise JavaBeans
running in Server

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J2EE Components & Services
• Components
- Java Servlets
- JavaServer Pages (JSP)
- Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)
• Standard services & supporting technologies
- Java database connectivity(JDBC) data access API
- Java Messaging Service (JMS)
(Remote Method Invocations (RMI))
- Extensible Markup Languages(XML)
- JavaIDL (Interface Description Language)
- JavaMail
- Java Security
- CORBA technology
- Design Patterns
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 Advantages of Multi-tiers
• Tiers separate functionality:
– Presentation Logic, Business Logic, Data
Schema
• Easier upgrade since one tier can be
changed without changing the rest
• Lower deployment and maintenance cost
• More flexible (can support changes), more
extensible (can add functionality)
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18
What is J2EE?

The Big Picture

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What is J2EE?

4-Tier Model
Web Tier
Client Tier

EIS Tier

Business
Tier 20
What is J2EE?

What is Application Server

Application servers enable the development of
multi-tiered distributed applications. They are
also called “middleware”

An application server acts as the interface

between the database(s), the web servers and
the client browsers

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Application Server: Key Services

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 GlassFish Server

• GlassFish is an open source community comprising of users, developers,

parteners that are developing an open source application server that
implements Java EE.

• GlassFish is an Application Server which can also be used as a Web Server

(Http Server). A web Server means: Handling HTTP requests (usually from
browsers). A Servlet Container (e.g. Tomcat) means: It can handle servlets
& JSP. You should use GlassFish for Java EE enterprise applications.

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JBoss- Application Server

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What is J2EE?

J2EE Components

• Java Servlets

• JavaServer Pages (JSP)

• Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)

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