VOLTAGE DIMMER

15EL09,15EL18,15EL39,15EL43,15EL58,15EL64
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro

INTRODUCTION WORKING APPLICATIONS

The light sources such as tube light or bulbs blink
Modern light dimmers work by changing the duty Voltage dimmers have vast commercial and industrial
according to their particular watt rating. If you need
more light, then you have to use high watt bulb and if cycle of the AC voltage which is applied to the lights applications. Dimmers ranging in size from small
you need low light, then you have to replace with low being controlled. For instance, if the voltage is units the size of a light switch used for domestic
watt rating bulb. But, if there is no need to change the applied to half of the AC cycle, then the light bulb lighting to high power units used in large theatre or
brightness of the light from the same light source, then will appear with less intensity when it gets the full architectural lighting installations. They are also used
we can use a voltage dimmer which is used to control AC voltage. Because it gets the low power to heat in professional lighting industry.
the brightness of the light according to our the filament. These light dimmers use the brightness
requirement. It is very easy to design small and low knob to control at what point each cycle to switch
cost light dimmer circuits with high efficiency. the light ON and OFF.
Typical light dimmers are built with thyristors and
the fixed time when the thyristor is activated virtual
to the zero crossings of the AC power is used to
determine the level of power. When the thyristor
activates then it keeps directing until the current
passing through when it goes to zero. The phase can
be changed when the TRIAC is activated, you change
COMPONENTS the duty cycle and thus the brightness of the light.
Here is the sine waveform of the normal AC power Dimmer in a residential application with RF-based remote control
get from the receptacle.

This light dimmer circuit is built with various

electrical and electronic components like resistors
R1=68 kilo ohms, R2=280 kilo ohms and R3=10 kilo
ohms, variable resistors VR1=250 kilo ohms,
capacitors C1, C2 and C3=0.068 uF, TRIAC is Q4006LT
and DIAC is ER900.
A dimmer rack containing 192 dimmers, with one dimmer per circuit.
DIAC: The DIAC is a diode that conducts electrical
current only after its break over voltage, has been
reached momentarily. The term is an acronym of SUPERVISED BY:
diode for alternating current. The DIAC is widely PROF. Dr. Aamir Mehmood Soomro
used to assist even triggering of a TRIAC when used
in AC switches.
REFERENCES
TRIAC: The TRIAC is a three terminal component that
is used to control the current. It works based on the As you can observe, by changing the turn ON point,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimmer
thyristor. It gives AC switching for various electrical the power flowing to the bulb is variable and hence
http://www.lightingservicesinc.com/
system applications such as the TRIACS and the the o/p of the light can be controlled. The benefit of
thyristor over variable resistors is that they waste very https://www.edgefx.in/light-dimmer-circuit-using-triac/
thyristor. These components can be found only in a http://www.eleccircuit.com/ac-lights-dimmer-circuit/
particular light dimmer circuit where they allow both little power either they are ON or OFF. Typically
halves of the AC cycle to be used. This makes them thyristor causes 1 to 1.5 V voltage drop when it
more effective in terms of the power available. passes the load current.
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