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    Ahmad Yusron
    This document discusses alkali metals, which includes lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. It provides information on their location on the periodic table, abundance in nature, physical and chemical properties, and common uses. Some key points include: - Alkali metals are soft, silvery-white metals that are highly reactive and found in Group 1 of the periodic table. - Sodium is the fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust and is found in common salts like NaCl. Potassium is also abundant and found in minerals like KCl. - They react violently with water to produce alkali hydroxides and hydrogen gas. They also react with non-met

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    Blue Wave ....

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Yusron
    64 views13 pages
    This document discusses alkali metals, which includes lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. It provides information on their location on the periodic table, abundance in nature, physical and chemical properties, and common uses. Some key points include: - Alkali metals are soft, silvery-white metals that are highly reactive and found in Group 1 of the periodic table. - Sodium is the fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust and is found in common salts like NaCl. Potassium is also abundant and found in minerals like KCl. - They react violently with water to produce alkali hydroxides and hydrogen gas. They also react with non-met

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    This document discusses alkali metals, which includes lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. It provides information on their location on the periodic table, abundance in nature, physical and chemical properties, and common uses. Some key points include: - Alkali metals are soft, silvery-white metals that are highly reactive and found in Group 1 of the periodic table. - Sodium is the fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust and is found in common salts like NaCl. Potassium is also abundant and found in minerals like KCl. - They react violently with water to produce alkali hydroxides and hydrogen gas. They also react with non-met

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    64 views13 pages

    Blue Wave ....

    Uploaded by

    Ahmad Yusron
    This document discusses alkali metals, which includes lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium. It provides information on their location on the periodic table, abundance in nature, physical and chemical properties, and common uses. Some key points include: - Alkali metals are soft, silvery-white metals that are highly reactive and found in Group 1 of the periodic table. - Sodium is the fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust and is found in common salts like NaCl. Potassium is also abundant and found in minerals like KCl. - They react violently with water to produce alkali hydroxides and hydrogen gas. They also react with non-met

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 13

    ALKALI (GOLONGAN IA)

    Anggota Kelompok

    • Ahmad Fauji Ridho I. • (01)

    • Ahmad Yusron • (02)

    • Alfin Teddy A. • (03)

    • Alfira Khoirun Nisa’ • (04)


    Tabel Periodik
    Letak golongan IA
    PETA KONSEP

    ALKALI
    Kelimpahan di Alam
    Unsur Senyawa di Alam Persentase Di Kerak
    Bumi
    Litium Spodumene, LiAl (SiO3)2 0,0007% di bebatuan beku
    Epidolite, K2Li3Al4Si7O21(OH.F)3
    Petalite, LiAlSi4O10
    Amblygonite, (LiNa)AlPO4(FOH)
    Diisopropilomida, [(CH3)2CH]2NLi

    Natrium Halit, NaCl 2,8%


    Trona, Na5(CO3)2.(HCO3).2H2O
    Sendawa Chili, NaNO3
    SodA abu, Na2CO3
    Borax, Na2B4O7.10H2O

    Kalium Silvit, KCl 2,6%


    Karnalit, KCl.MgCl2.6H2O
    Garam Petre, KNO3
    Polyhalite, K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4.2H2O
    Langbeinite, K2Mg2(SO4)3
    Veldvaat, K2OAl2O3SiO3

    HOME
    Unsur Senyawa di Alam Persentase
    Di Kerak
    Bumi
    Rubidium Lepidolit, Rb 2(FOH) 2 Al 2(SiO3)3 0,0078%
    Rubidium klorida, RbCl
    Rubidium monoksida, Rb2O
    Rubidium tembaga sulfat, Rb2SO4.CuSO4.6H2O

    Cesium Polusit, (Cs4Al4Si9O26).H2O 0,0003%


    Ozonide, CsO3
    Sesium molybdenum alum, Cs[Mo(H2O)6](SO4)2.6H2O

    HOME
    Sifat Kimia Alkali HOME

    Pereaksi Reaksi Umum Contoh Keterangan

    Menghasilkan
    basa dan gas
    Air (H2O) 2M(s)+2H2O(l)  2MOH (aq)+H2 (g) 2Na(s)+2H20(l)  2NaOH(aq)+H2(g) hidrogen.
    M=Logam alkali

    Membentuk
    oksida.
    4M (s)+O2 (g)  2M2O(s) 4Na(s)+O2(g)  2Na2O(s)
    M=Logam alkali

    Membentuk
    Oksigen peroksida.
    2M(s)+O2 M2O2(s) 2Na(s)+O2 Na2O2(s)
    (O2) M=Na

    Membentuk
    superoksida.
    M (s) + O2 MO2 Rb(s)+O2(g)  RbO2(s)
    M=K, Rb, dan Cs

    Membentuk
    Hidrogen senyawa hidrida.
    2M(s)+H2(g)  2MH(s) 2Na(s)+H2(g)  2NaH(s)
    (H2) M=Logam alkali

    Menghasilkan
    Halogen 2M(s)+X2(g)  2MX(s) 2Li(s)+Cl2(g)  2LiCl(s) senyawa halida.
    M=Logam alkali
    Sifat Fisis Alkali
    Sifat-sifat
    Li Na K Rb Cs
    umum
    Nomor
    3 11 19 37 55
    atom
    Konfigurasi
    [He] 2s1 [Ne] 3s1 [Ar] 4s1 [Kr] 5s1 [Xe] 6s1
    elektron
    Titik leleh
    181 98 63 39 29
    (oC)
    Titik didih
    1.342 883 760 686 669
    (oC)
    Jari-jari
    0,60 0,95 1,33 1,48 1,69
    (Ǻ)
    Energi
    ionisasi 520 495 418 403 374
    (kJ/mol)
    Keelektron
    0,98 0,93 0,82 0,82 0,79
    egatifan
    Massa
    jenis 0,63 0,97 0,86 1,53 1,95
    (g/mL)
    HOME
    Sifat Fisis Alkali
    Alkali Warna Nyala Api Gambar

    Litium Merah

    Natrium Kuning

    Kalium Ungu

    Rubidium Merah

    Cesium Biru

    HOME
    Kegunaan Alkali
    Unsur Senyawa Kegunaan

    Litium - Li2CO3 (Litium Karbonat) - peralatan gelas dan


    keramik
    - C17H35COOLi (Litium Stearat) - pelumas Kendaraan
    - LiCO2 (Litium Kobalt Oksida) - ion Batu Baterai
    Natrium - NaCl (Garam Dapur) - bumbu masakan,
    pengawet ikan
    - NaOH (Natrium Hidroksida) - industri sabun dan deterjen
    - Na2CO3 (Natrium Karbonat) - pembuatan kertas, industri
    kaca, deterjen
    - NaHCO3 (Natrium Bikarbonat) - soda kue
    - Na2SO4 (Natrium Sulfat) - obat pencahar, garam
    inggris

    HOME
    Kegunaan Alkali
    Unsur Senyawa Kegunaan

    Kalium - KOH (Kalium Hidroksida) - industri sabu lunak


    - KCl (Kalium Klorida) - pupuk tanaman
    - K2SO4 (Kalium Sulfat) - pupuk tanaman
    - KNO3 (Kalium Nitrat) - bahan peledak
    - KClO3 (Kalium Klorat) - bahan peledak, korek api
    - K2CO3 (Kalium Bikarbonat) - industri kaca

    Rubidium - Rb2C2O4 (Rubidium oksalat) - Pembuatan kaca


    - Rubidium klorida, RbCl - Melacak dimana kalium
    diambil oleh organisme hidup
    - Rubidium monoksida, Rb2O - Kembang api untuk memberi
    warna ungu
    Cesium - CsOH (Cesium hidroksida) - Pengeboran sumur minyak
    - CsCl (Cesium klorida) - Memisahkan berbagai jenis DNA
    - CsNO3 (Cesium nitrat) - Membakar silikon dalam flare

    HOME
    Pembuatan Alkali HOME
    A. Elektrolisis (Down Cell)

    Reaksi Umum Contoh Ket.


    Peleburan : MCl  M+ + Cl- x2
    Peleburan : LiCl  Li+ + Cl- x2 M=Li,
    Katode : M+ + e → M x2 Katode : Li+ + e → Li x2 Na
    Anode : 2Cl– → Cl2 +2e Anode : 2Cl → Cl2 + 2e
    –

    Reaksi elektrolisis : 2MCl  2M + Cl2 Reaksi elektrolisis : 2LiCl  2Li + Cl2

    B. Reduksi

    Reaksi Umum Contoh Keterangan

    Na + MX → M + NaX Na + KCl → K + NaCl M = K, Rb, Cs


    X = halogen
    Sekian

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