CPE414 Engineering Drawing

CPE414
ENGINEERING DRAWING
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO
ENGINEERING DRAWING
Engineering Drawings
• 2D visual representations of
3D objects
• Used as a universal means
of communication in
industry.
• Must be clear, concise, and
accurate.
Engineering Drawings (cont.)
3 main parts of formal engineering drawing :
 One or more views of an
engineering (object) or an
assembly of components,
 Dimensions, symbols,
explanatory and instruction
notes,
 A title block
SAMPLE ENGINEERING DRAWING
Conventional Drawing Instruments
DRAWING BOARD TEE SQUARE

SET SQUARES
COMPASS 45° and 30°-60° triangle
ERASING SHIELD
PROTRACTOR
SCALES
FRENCH
CURVES
Engineering Drawing Layout
 Conventional ‘A’ sizes of drawing paper

 Blank drawing sheets contain the following;
- Title block (includes organization, drawing number, title,
date, name of draftsman, scale, copyright, projection
symbol, units, reference to standard, sheet number, number
to total sheets)
- Frame
- Centering marks
- Orientation marks
- Metric reference graduation
- Grid reference
- Trimming
Drawing Sheet : A-series paper is used
Designation Size (mm):
A0 841 x 1189
A1 594 x 841
A2 420 x 594
A3 297 x 420
A4 210 x 297
• An A0 sheet has an area of 1m2

• The sides are in the proportion 1: 2
• The sides of 35mm film have the same proportions
• Do not assume that the paper has been cut correctly – opposite
sides may not be parallel, and corners may not be exactly 90
degrees
Engineering Drawing – Layout (cont.)
Example : Engineering Drawing
Basic Information
included in a Drawing
• Projected Views: Show as many sides as needed for
completeness.
• Cross Sections: A view that is good for showing
interior features.
• Table: Lower right corner, with material
information, part name, designer etc.
• DIMENSIONS: The most important and
most complicated part of the drawing. There is more
to it than just the numerical values!
Lettering & Lines (cont.)
Conventions – commonly accepted practices, rules, or methods.
 Dashed lines are used to

represent hidden features
of an engineering
drawing.
 Hidden lines – location
of drilled hole’s
diameter, (a view where
the hole cannot be
directly seen).
Lettering & Lines
A VARIETY OF LINE STYLES
GRAPHICALLY REPRESENT PHYSICAL
OBJECTS.
Types of lines include the following:
 visible – are continuous lines used to depict edges

directly visible from a particular angle.
 hidden – are short-dashed lines that may be used

to represent edges that are not directly visible.
 center – are alternately long- and short-dashed

lines that may be used to represent the axes of
circular features.
 cutting plane – are thin, medium-dashed lines, or
thick alternately long - and double short-dashed
that may be used to define sections for section
views.
 section – are thin lines in a pattern (pattern

determined by the material being "cut" or
"sectioned") used to indicate surfaces in section
views resulting from "cutting." Section lines are
commonly referred to as "cross-hatching."
Lines can also be classified by a letter classification in which each line is given a
letter.
Type A lines show the outline of the feature of an object. They are the thickest
lines on a drawing and done with a pencil softer than HB.
Type B lines are dimension lines and are used for dimensioning, projecting,
extending, or leaders. A harder pencil should be used, such as a 2H.
Type C lines are used for breaks when the whole object is not shown. They are
freehand drawn and only for short breaks. 2H pencil
Type D lines are similar to Type C, except they are zigzagged and only for longer
breaks. 2H pencil
Type E lines indicate hidden outlines of internal features of an object. They are
dotted lines. 2H pencil
 Type F lines are Type F[typo] lines, except they are used for drawings in
electrotechnology. 2H pencil
 Type G lines are used for centre lines. They are dotted lines, but a long line of
10–20mm, then a gap, then a small line of 2mm. 2H pencil
 Type H lines are the same as Type G, except that every second long line is
thicker. They indicate the cutting plane of an object. 2H pencil
 Type K lines indicate the alternate positions of an object and the line taken by
that object. They are drawn with a long line of 10–20mm, then a small gap, then
a small line of 2mm, then a gap, then another small line. 2H pencil.
DIMENSIONS
 Dimensioning of an object is accomplished by

dimensioning each element to indicate its size (size
dimensions) and relative location (location dimensions)
from a center line, base line or finished surface.
 Drawings are dimensioned using an accepted set of
standards
 Useful as essential for the production, inspection and
functioning of the object and should not be mistaken as
those that are required to make the drawing of an
object.
Examples: DIMENSIONS
SIZE & LOCATION DIMENSIONS
Dimensions showing the location and orientations of
features, such as location of the center of the hole.
THE END
THANK YOU

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CPE414

DRAWING BOARD TEE SQUARE

 Conventional ‘A’ sizes of drawing paper

• An A0 sheet has an area of 1m2

 Dashed lines are used to

Types of lines include the following:

 visible – are continuous lines used to depict edges

 hidden – are short-dashed lines that may be used

 center – are alternately long- and short-dashed

 section – are thin lines in a pattern (pattern

 Dimensioning of an object is accomplished by

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