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Cutting of Spur Gear and Bevel Gear

The document discusses different types of gears including spur gears and bevel gears. It describes how spur gears have parallel teeth to the axis while bevel gears have tapered conical teeth. It also outlines some common methods for cutting gears, such as using milling machines, shapers, and hobblers. Safety precautions for cutting gears include wearing protective equipment like glasses and ensuring cutting tools are in good repair.

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Jay Em
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96 views

Cutting of Spur Gear and Bevel Gear

The document discusses different types of gears including spur gears and bevel gears. It describes how spur gears have parallel teeth to the axis while bevel gears have tapered conical teeth. It also outlines some common methods for cutting gears, such as using milling machines, shapers, and hobblers. Safety precautions for cutting gears include wearing protective equipment like glasses and ensuring cutting tools are in good repair.

Uploaded by

Jay Em
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cutting of Spur

Gear
and Bevel Gear
Definition of A gear is a rotating machine part having cut
teeth or, which mesh with another toothed part
gears: to transmit torque. Geared devices can change
the speed, torque, and direction of a power
source.

There are four ways to classify gears


depending on its category type and by the
orientation of axes. These are Parallel Axes Gears,
Intersecting Axes Gears, Nonparallel and non-
intersecting Gears, and Special Gears. Parallel
and Intersecting gears are the most efficient
types of gears because they produce minimal
slippage.
Spur Gear

This is a cylindrical shaped


gear, in which the teeth are
parallel to the axis. It is the
most commonly used gear
with a wide range of
applications and is the
easiest to manufacture.
This is a gear in which the
teeth have tapered conical
elements that have the
same direction as the pitch
cone base line (generatrix).
There are three types of
Bevel Gear in which they
differ in the angle of their
teeth. The straight bevel
gear is both the simplest to
produce and the most
widely applied in the bevel
gear family.
Bevel Gear
Methods of
Cutting Gears
On milling machine it uses
cutters as a method of
cutting gears. Spur gear and
simple helical gears are the
common gears
manufactured from it.
Methods of
Cutting Gears
In shaper, it uses a special
type of cutting tool in which
the shape of the tooth of the
gears were already set.
Methods of
Cutting Gears
On gear hobbler, it uses
cutters called Hobs for gear
cutting, cutting splines, and
cutting sprockets on a
hobbing machine, which is a
special type of milling
machine. The teeth or splines
of the gear were
progressively cut into the
material by a series of cuts.
Gear nonmenclature
Addendum:

The radial or perpendicular Bottomland:


distance between the pitch
circle and the top of the The surface between the flanks of
adjacent teeth
tooth.

Base diameter: Topland

The diameter of the circle The surface at the top of the teeth
from which the involutes are
generated.

Bore diameter:

The diameter of the hole in


the gear
Gear  Centro distance:

The shortest distance between the axes and the


nonmen minting gears.

clature Circular path:

The distance on the circumference of the pitch


circle between corresponding points of
adjacent teeth.

Circular thickness:

The thickness of the tooth on pitch circle

Clearance:

The radial distance between the top of a tooth


and the bottom of the mating tooth space.
Calculations

Pitch size:
Difference
of angle
involute The pressure angle gives the direction normal to
the tooth profile in which Standard values are
14.5, 20 and 25 degrees. Smaller angle provides
more power transmission and less pressure on the
bearing; however, teeth with smaller pressure
angles are weaker. To run gears together
properly their pressure angles must be
matched.[2]
Rules in making
Bevel Gear
 Mount the gear blank in the
dividing head with the larger
end of the blank toward the
dividing head. Set the gear
blank to the cutting angle by
swiveling the dividing head in
the vertical plane. To
determine the cutting angle,
subtract the dedendum angle
from the pitch cone angle. The
cutting angle is not the same
angle as the one to which the
gear blank was machined in
the lathe.
 Milling bevel gear teeth involves three distinct
operations. First, gash the teeth into the gear
blank, then mill each side of the teeth to the
correct tooth thickness.
In the first operation, mount the selected cutter
Rules in

on the milling machine arbor and center the
blank on the cutter. Then bring the milling
making machine table up to cut the whole depth you
determined for the large end of the gear. After
Bevel Gear you cut the first tooth, index the gear blank in
the same manner as you would to cut a spur
gear, and gash the remaining teeth.
 In the second and third operations, mill the
sides of the teeth that were formed in the
Rules in gashing operation.
When you prepare to cut a bevel gear,
making

remember that the milling machine is the only
machine available to you. Therefore, you must
Bevel Gear take steps like offsetting the cutter and rolling
the gear blank to cut the correct profile on the
gear tooth.
Safety Precautions in Cutting Gears

 Wear safety glasses or goggles, or a faceshield and protective


gloves when using cutters.
 Choose the proper cutter for the job. Cutters are designed for a
specific type, hardness, and size of material.
 Cut materials straight across – keep the material being cut at right
angles to the cutting edges of jaws.
 Metal can fly when cut. The harder the metal, the farther it will fly.
 Warn those in the area to take precautionary measures to avoid
possible injury from flying metal pieces.
 Keep cutting tools in good repair.
 Adjust and lubricate cutter and moving parts daily if heavily used.

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