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Basics On Piping Layout

A pipe rack is a structure used to carry pipelines, electrical equipment, and instrumentation throughout a process plant. It arranges pipes in an organized manner and provides a protected space for auxiliary equipment. When designing a pipe rack, considerations include the layout, placement of equipment and pipes, allowance for future expansion, and ensuring proper spacing and clearance for maintenance. The width of the pipe rack is calculated based on the number of lines, their spacing, and additional width needed for larger lines and future growth.

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229 views

Basics On Piping Layout

A pipe rack is a structure used to carry pipelines, electrical equipment, and instrumentation throughout a process plant. It arranges pipes in an organized manner and provides a protected space for auxiliary equipment. When designing a pipe rack, considerations include the layout, placement of equipment and pipes, allowance for future expansion, and ensuring proper spacing and clearance for maintenance. The width of the pipe rack is calculated based on the number of lines, their spacing, and additional width needed for larger lines and future growth.

Uploaded by

puru55980
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Pipe rack is the space allocated for routing several parallel adjacent pipelines within process plants.

It
is the structure employed for carrying the pipelines, electrical & instrument trays.

1. To arrange process & service pipelines throughout the plant.


2. To provide a protected location for auxiliary equipment, pumps, utility stations, manifolds, fire
fighting & first aid stations.
3. To mount Lighting & other fixtures on columns.
4. To locate Air-cooled equipment & air coolers at elevated heights.

1. Straight – Through yard 2. L-Shaped yard 3. T-Shaped yard


4. U-Shaped yard 5. L & T Shaped yard 6. Complex yard
1. Lower deck: Process piping, upper deck: Utility piping
2. Do not run piping over stanchions.
3. Locate large liquid filled pipes near stanchions to reduce stress on horz. Members.
4. Provide distributed space for future pipes – approx. 20% of final width.
5. Mount hot insulated pipes on shoes.
6. Warm pipes may have insulation locally removed.
7. Height of relief header fixed by its point of origin & slope reqd. To drain.
8. Locate electrical & instrument trays on brackets or attached to stanchions.
9. For any horizontal change, consider a change in elevation.
11. Pipes should be racked on a single deck if space permits.
12. Consider routing piping at grade level over sleepers if roads, walk ways are not envisaged. Maintain 12” BOP EL.
13. Space Bents @ 20 ~ 25 Ft span to ensure acceptable deflection & economical Beam sizing.
14.Min. Clearance under Pipe rack determined by mobile lifting equipment usages.
15. Avoid pockets in piping when setting elevation for pipe rack facilitating self draining into vessels.
16. Group Hot lines at one side of the rack to facilitate common supporting.
17. Locate Utility station, Control station & Fire hose points adjacent to stanchions for supporting.
18. Allocate space for down comers to pumps & other equipment.
1. Generate a line routing diagram showing lines in the rack.
2. Check if electrical & instrument tray fits in the Utility lines layer else an additional Top rack level is required.
3. 20% Future expansion margin – accounts for lack of firmness in data about lines that eventually resides in rack.
4. Consider miscellaneous items – If equipment are located under rack, Ex: 6” slot for conduit to run.
5. Check room for expansion at change in directions & space for special supports.
6. Elevation: Allow 10Ft clearance under rack for movement of equipment that may be used during maintenance.
7. Determine the amount of distance b/w TOS El. Of rack & BOP El. Of branch line leaving the rack. (3Ft – 12” line)

WIDTH (W) = (f X n X s) + A + B

Where, s= 300mm (estimated average spacing)


225mm (if lines are smaller than 250NB)
f= safety factor
= 1.5 if pipes are counted from pfd
= 1.2 if pipes are counted from p&id
n= number of lines in the densest area up to size 450NB
= 300mm (estimated average spacing)
= 225mm (if lines are smaller than 250NB)
A= additional width for- lines > 450 NB, for instrument cable tray /ducts
B= future provision
= 20% of (f X n X s) + A

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