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    4.4 Correlation and Simple Linear Regression

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    CHARLES BENEDICT MARQUEZ
    The document discusses correlation and simple linear regression. It explains how to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the direction and magnitude of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. The document also describes how to determine the equation of the best-fit line using the least squares method and provides an example of estimating values using the linear regression equation.

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    4.4 Correlation and Simple Linear Regression

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    CHARLES BENEDICT MARQUEZ
    348 views18 pages
    The document discusses correlation and simple linear regression. It explains how to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the direction and magnitude of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. The document also describes how to determine the equation of the best-fit line using the least squares method and provides an example of estimating values using the linear regression equation.

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    Correlation and simple linear regression

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    The document discusses correlation and simple linear regression. It explains how to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the direction and magnitude of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. The document also describes how to determine the equation of the best-fit line using the least squares method and provides an example of estimating values using the linear regression equation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    348 views18 pages

    4.4 Correlation and Simple Linear Regression

    Uploaded by

    CHARLES BENEDICT MARQUEZ
    The document discusses correlation and simple linear regression. It explains how to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient to determine the direction and magnitude of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables. The document also describes how to determine the equation of the best-fit line using the least squares method and provides an example of estimating values using the linear regression equation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Mathematics in the Modern World – UNIT 4

    Correlation &
    Simple Linear Regression

    Mathematics & Physics Department


    University of Santo Tomas

    Prepared by:
    Asst. Prof. Xandro Alexi A. Nieto
    Correlation

    To determine the direction and


    magnitude of the linear relationship
    between two quantitative variables,
    X and Y.
    Correlation
    Correlation
    Correlation
    Correlation

    To determine the direction and


    magnitude of the linear relationship
    between two quantitative variables,
    X and Y.
    Correlation

    Pearson Product Moment Correlation

    𝑛 σ 𝑥𝑦 − σ 𝑥 σ 𝑦
    𝑟=
    2 2 2 2
    𝑛 σ𝑥 − σ𝑥 𝑛 σ𝑦 − σ𝑦
    Correlation

    Example: For the following data on heights and weights of 14


    UAAP Basketball players, determine if heights and
    weights are correlated.
    Height, X Weight, Y
    77 230
    76 225
    77 241
    72 209
    76 225
    77 235
    77 228
    74 214
    74 240
    75 233
    74 225
    76 220
    74 222
    76 225
    Sums: 1055 3172
    Correlation

    Height, X Weight, Y X2 Y2 XY
    77 230 5929 52900 17710 n σ xy − σ x σ y
    76 225 5776 50625 17100 r=
    2 2 2 2
    77 241 5929 58081 18557 n σx − σx n σy − σy
    72 209 5184 43681 15048
    76 225 5776 50625 17100
    77 235 5929 55225 18095 14 239135 − (1055)(3172)
    r=
    77 228 5929 51984 17556 [14 79533 − 1055 2 ][14 719740 − 3172 2 ]
    74 214 5476 45796 15836
    74 240 5476 57600 17760 r = 0.563
    75 233 5625 54289 17475
    74 225 5476 50625 16650
    76 220 5776 48400 16720
    74 222 5476 49284 =PEARSON(X,Y) or =CORREL(X,Y)
    16428
    76 225 5776 50625 17100
    Sums: 1055 3172 79533 719740 239135

    9
    Simple Linear Regression

    To determine the equation of the best-fit line


    (least squares error)

    10
    Simple Linear Regression

    To determine the equation of the best-fit line


    (least squares error)

    Equation of the best fit line: Y = a + bX

    n σ xy − σ x σ y
    b= 2
    n x − σx
    σ 2

    σy σx
    a= −b
    n n
    11
    Simple Linear Regression

    Example: For the following data on heights and weights of 14


    UAAP Basketball players, determine the equation
    of the best-fit line
    Height, X Weight, Y
    77 230
    76 225
    77 241
    72 209
    76 225
    77 235
    77 228
    74 214
    74 240
    75 233
    74 225
    76 220
    74 222
    76 225
    1055 3172

    12
    Simple Linear Regression
    Height, X Weight, Y X2 Y2 XY
    77 230 5929 52900 17710 n σ xy − σ x σ y
    76 225 5776 50625 17100 b= 2
    n σx − σx 2
    77 241 5929 58081 18557
    72 209 5184 43681 15048 14 239135 − (1055)(3172)
    76 225 5776 50625 17100 b=
    77 235 5929 55225 18095
    14 79533 − 1055 2
    77 228 5929 51984 17556 b = 3.272
    74 214 5476 45796 15836
    74 240 5476 57600 17760 =SLOPE(Y,X)
    75 233 5625 54289 17475
    σy σx
    74 225 5476 50625 16650 a= −b
    76 220 5776 48400 16720 n n
    74 222 5476 49284 16428 3172 1055
    76 225 5776 50625 17100 a= − (3.272)
    1055 3172 79533 719740 239135
    14 14
    a = −20.02

    =INTERCEPT(Y,X)
    13

    13
    Simple Linear Regression

    Equation of the best fit line:

    Y = − 20.02 + 3.272X,

    where Y is the weight (lbs)


    and X is the height (inches)

    14

    14
    Simple Linear Regression

    Estimate the weight of a


    player with
    height of 71 inches.

    Y = -20.02+3.272X
    Y = -20.02 +3.272(71)
    Y = 212.292
    =FORECAST(x,Y,X)

    15

    15
    EXERCISE
    Given below are the arterial blood pressure (ABP; in mm Hg)
    and body surface area (BSA; in sq m) of seven individuals.
    The researcher wanted to determine if the arterial blood
    pressure depends on the body surface area.
    Body surface area Arterial Blood Pressure Using your scientific
    1.92 106 calculator,
    a) Compute for r.
    1.98 114
    b) Identify the simple
    1.87 106 linear regression
    1.90 113 equation.
    c) Estimate the blood
    1.75 105 pressure of a person
    1.90 110 with 1.88 sq m.
    body surface area.
    2.07 114 16

    16
    EXERCISE
    Given below are the arterial blood pressure (ABP; in mm Hg)
    and body surface area (BSA; in sq m) of seven individuals.
    The researcher wanted to determine if the arterial blood
    pressure depends on the body surface area.
    Body surface area Arterial Blood Pressure ANSWERS:
    1.92 106
    1.98 114 a) r = 0.764
    b) ABP = 49.772 + 31.336*BSA
    1.87 106 c) 108.68
    1.90 113
    1.75 105
    1.90 110
    2.07 114 17

    17
    END OF UNIT 4.4

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