Plot

Character Analysis
Tess Durbeyfield
• Tess Durbeyfield is a child of poverty, inept parents, and minimal

education, although she is intelligent and would have continued at
school had circumstances allowed. At 16 she is inexperienced in the
ways of men, especially those with money and power. She is highly
principled, honest, and nonjudgmental. Hardy represents her as a
kind of natural Eve figure: genuine, in touch with the countryside
and wilderness, and physically voluptuous. Tess is a victim of fate
and of two men in her life. She is raped by Alec d'Urberville and has
a son who dies soon after birth. Although she wants nothing to do
with Alec, he returns to her life and pursues her until necessity
forces her to relent. Tess is also the victim of Angel Clare whose
cruelty is as crushing as but different from Alec's. Angel flees,
leaving Tess alone and vulnerable. Tess's love for Angel reflects
deep and abiding passions accompanied by a destructive sense of
pride.
Angel Clare
• Angel Clare has strong opinions on religion, class, and morality. Part
of his attraction to Tess is her authenticity and purity as a "simple"
country girl. Angel rejects a number of the religious beliefs his
father and brothers endorse, and his father has thus denied him a
university education. Despite disapproval of his family's rigidity and
snobbishness, Angel is as rigid as they are, although he would not
see himself as such. When he learns about Tess's past, Angel is
unyielding and harsh because his vision of her is altered: he cannot
accept a "fallen woman" despite her innocence in the event and
proof of the purity of her character. His rejection and abandonment
of her diminish his character. Although he eventually sees his
actions as extreme and realizes that Tess deserves better, he is too
late to make amends for having ruined Tess's life.
Alec d'Urberville
• Sexually aggressive and entitled, he pursues Tess, who has

no interest in him. When he cannot have what he wants
from her—as he easily seems able to obtain from other
women—he rapes her. Not proud of his behavior, he later
offers to marry Tess, but she refuses. Several years later
Alec claims to have changed his ways and has become a
preacher. However, he gives up his faith to pursue Tess,
which he does relentlessly. His exact feelings for Tess are
never clear, but he does support her family and provide her
with material comfort. Whether he is repentant, evil, or
merely arrogant and spoiled is also debatable. What is
clear, though, is his generosity comes at a price—
possession of Tess.
Jack Durbeyfield
• Tess's drunk and lazy father, Jack (John)
Durbeyfield becomes overly proud when he
discovers his noble lineage and quickly begins
seeking ways to leverage it. With his excuses,
grand ideas, and schemes—the first of which
is to send Tess to the d'Urberville home—he
has a limited work ethic, does not provide for
his family, and is a laughingstock in Marlott.
Joan Durbeyfield
• Tess's ineffectual mother, Joan Durbeyfield
frequently protects her own interests, not her
children's. She doesn't warn Tess of Alec's
intentions in the hope Tess will marry him and
thus support the family. Lacking Tess's moral
code, she recommends Tess not tell Angel
about her past; nevertheless, Joan is forgiving,
as helpful as she can be, and saddened by the
events in Tess's life.
Mrs. d'Urberville
• Old, blind, and widowed, Mrs. d'Urberville has
Tess look after her chickens, which she can
identify by touch; she is said to be fonder of
her chickens than of the people in her
household.
Mercy Chant
• The Clares' neighbor, Mercy Chant is a
religious young woman who, expected to
marry Angel, eventually becomes engaged to
his brother Cuthbert.
• Cuthbert Clare
• Angel's brother, Cuthbert Clare is a snobbish
scholar at Cambridge who has taken religious
orders and will marry Mercy Chant.
Izz Huett
• An honest and hard-working milkmaid at the Cricks' dairy,
Izz Huett is loyal to Tess but in love with Angel Clare and
later accepts his short-lived invitation to accompany him to
Brazil. She later writes Angel telling him of Tess's despair.
• Marian
• A milkmaid at the Cricks' dairy, Marian is also in love with
Angel; she loses her job because of her excessive drinking
after Tess and Angel marry. She and Izz write to Angel to tell
him of Tess's despair.
• Retty Priddle
• The red-haired milkmaid at the Cricks' dairy, Retty Priddle is
in love with Angel Clare and attempts suicide after he and
Tess marry.

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Character Analysis

• Tess Durbeyfield is a child of poverty, inept parents, and minimal

• Sexually aggressive and entitled, he pursues Tess, who has

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