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    Cyclone

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    Ana Marie Allam
    The document discusses different particulate control devices including mechanical separators like cyclones and fabric filters as well as electrostatic precipitators and wet scrubbers. It then focuses on cyclones, describing their operating principle where gas enters tangentially to create a vortex, causing particles to separate from the gas and detailing standard cyclone dimensions and factors that impact their performance. Examples are also provided to illustrate how to calculate cyclone collection efficiency and pressure drop.

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    Cyclone

    Uploaded by

    Ana Marie Allam
    206 views25 pages
    The document discusses different particulate control devices including mechanical separators like cyclones and fabric filters as well as electrostatic precipitators and wet scrubbers. It then focuses on cyclones, describing their operating principle where gas enters tangentially to create a vortex, causing particles to separate from the gas and detailing standard cyclone dimensions and factors that impact their performance. Examples are also provided to illustrate how to calculate cyclone collection efficiency and pressure drop.

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    The document discusses different particulate control devices including mechanical separators like cyclones and fabric filters as well as electrostatic precipitators and wet scrubbers. It then focuses on cyclones, describing their operating principle where gas enters tangentially to create a vortex, causing particles to separate from the gas and detailing standard cyclone dimensions and factors that impact their performance. Examples are also provided to illustrate how to calculate cyclone collection efficiency and pressure drop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    206 views25 pages

    Cyclone

    Uploaded by

    Ana Marie Allam
    The document discusses different particulate control devices including mechanical separators like cyclones and fabric filters as well as electrostatic precipitators and wet scrubbers. It then focuses on cyclones, describing their operating principle where gas enters tangentially to create a vortex, causing particles to separate from the gas and detailing standard cyclone dimensions and factors that impact their performance. Examples are also provided to illustrate how to calculate cyclone collection efficiency and pressure drop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER

    • There are several different classes of particulate control equipment. These are as follows:
    • Mechanical separator (gravity settlers or cyclones)
    • Fabric filter
    • Electrostatic precipitator
    • Wet scrubber
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE
    • Cyclone Separator
    • Most widely used of all industrial gas-cleaning devices
    • Consist of cylindrical and conical body
    • Efficiency varies with particle size
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE
    • Cyclone Separator
    • Advantages
    • Low capital cost
    • Ability to operate at high temperatures
    • Low maintenance requirements because there are no moving parts
    • Can handle mists or dry materials
    • Ability to collect dry solids as dry material or liquids as liquid
    • Needs relatively small space for installation
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE
    • Cyclone Separator
    • Disadvantages
    • Low efficiencies especially for small particles
    • High operating costs due to pressure drop
    • Unable to process “sticky” materials
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    TYPES OF CYCLONE SEPARATOR

    (a) Cyclone with Tangential Entry (b) Cyclonic Separator (c) Axial Entry Cyclone
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    • Cyclone Separator (Operating Principle)


    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    STANDARD CYCLONE DIMENSIONS
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    STANDARD CYCLONE DIMENSIONS
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE

    •
    CONTROL DEVICES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER:
    CYCLONE: Effects of Operating Condition on Cyclone Performance
    Variable Change Efficiency Relationship
    Gas Flow rate Increase Increase

    Gas viscosity Increase Decrease

    Density Difference Increase Increase

    Dust Loading Increase Increase


    EXAMPLE 1
    Particle
    Mass Percent in
    Size,
    Size Range
    μm
    0-2 1.0

    • Consider a conventional cyclone of classical proportions as describe by Lapple (1951), 2-4 9.0

    with a body diameter of 1.0 meter. For air with a flow rate of 150 m3/min at T = 350 K 4-6 10.0
    and 1 atm, containing particles with density of 1600 kg/m3 and a size distribution as 6-10 30.0
    given below, calculate the overall collection efficiency. Viscosity and density of the air 10-18 30.0
    can be taken as 0.075 kg/m hr and 1.01 kg/m3, respectively. 18-30 14.0
    30-50 5.0
    50-100 1.0
    EXAMPLE 2
    • Estimate the new efficiency of the cyclone of Example 1 if
    • The air flow rate is increased to 200 m3/min
    • The air temperature is increased to 400 K
    EXAMPLE 3

    • For the cyclone of Example 1, assume a K-value of 15 and calculate


    • The cyclone pressure drop in kPa
    • The fluid power consumed in the cyclone in kW
    SEATWORK 1

    • For a 90%-efficient cyclone processing 9000 cfm of air with a pressure drop of 9.0 inches of water, calculate
    the fluid power in units of horsepower. Furthermore, estimate the size of the electric motor needed to run a
    fan to move the air through the cyclone. Assume 70% efficiency for the combination of fan and motor.
    SEATWORK 2

    • Design a conventional Lapple cyclone to function as a precleaner on a gas stream that flows at 120 m3/min.
    The cyclone must achieve a minimum overall efficiency of 70% for the following particulate distribution, with
    a maximum allowable pressure drop of 3000 Pa. The particulate density is 1500 kg/m3, the gas density is
    1.0 kg/m3, and the gas viscosity is 0.07 kg/m hr. Specify your final choice of body diameter, overall cyclone
    efficiency, inlet gas velocity and pressure drop. Assume K = 14.
    SEATWORK 2 (CON’T)
    Size Range, μm Mass Percent in Size Range
    0-2 2.0
    2-4 18.0
    4-10 30.0
    10-20 30.0
    20-40 15.0
    40-100 4.0
    >100 1.0

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