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Dynamometer

The document discusses the electrodynamic instrument, also known as the electromagnetic moving coil instrument (EMMC). It has a fixed coil and moving coil that can be used to measure voltage, current, and power. When current passes through the coils, a magnetic field is produced which causes a torque on the moving coil and deflects the pointer proportional to the measured value. Advantages include measuring AC and DC, having no hysteresis or eddy current errors, and providing an accurate rms measurement. Disadvantages include non-uniform scale, high power consumption, cost, and sensitivity to temperature, frequency, and stray fields. The document describes how to extend the range by using shunts or multipliers in different connection configurations for

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Tarun Varshney
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198 views15 pages

Dynamometer

The document discusses the electrodynamic instrument, also known as the electromagnetic moving coil instrument (EMMC). It has a fixed coil and moving coil that can be used to measure voltage, current, and power. When current passes through the coils, a magnetic field is produced which causes a torque on the moving coil and deflects the pointer proportional to the measured value. Advantages include measuring AC and DC, having no hysteresis or eddy current errors, and providing an accurate rms measurement. Disadvantages include non-uniform scale, high power consumption, cost, and sensitivity to temperature, frequency, and stray fields. The document describes how to extend the range by using shunts or multipliers in different connection configurations for

Uploaded by

Tarun Varshney
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrodynamic instrument

(Principle, construction, Advantages, Demerits, range extension)

Dr. Tarun Varshney


Professor Department of Electrical Engineering
PCE, Jaipur, India
Dynamometer (or) Electromagnetic
moving coil instrument (EMMC)
This instrument can be used for the measurement of voltage,
current and power. The difference between the PMMC and
dynamometer type instrument is that the permanent magnet
is replaced by an electromagnet.
Construction:
A fixed coil is divided in to two equal half. The moving coil is
placed between the two half of the fixed coil. Both the fixed
and moving coils are air cored. So that the hysteresis effect
will be zero. The pointer is attached with the spindle. In a non
metallic former the moving coil is wounded.
Control: Spring control is used.
Damping: Air friction damping is used.
Principle of operation:
• When the current flows through the fixed coil, it produced a
magnetic field, whose flux density is proportional to the
current through the fixed coil. The moving coil is kept in
between the fixed coil. When the current passes through the
moving coil, a magnetic field is produced by this coil.
• The magnetic poles are produced in such a way that the
torque produced on the moving coil deflects the pointer over
the calibrated scale. This instrument works on AC and DC.
When AC voltage is applied, alternating current flows through
the fixed coil and moving coil.
• When the current in the fixed coil reverses, the current in the
moving coil also reverses. Torque remains in the same
direction. Since the current i1 and i2 reverse simultaneously.
This is because the fixed and moving coils are either
connected in series or parallel.
Torque developed by EMMC
Hence the deflection of pointer is proportional to the current
passing through fixed coil and moving coil.
Advantages
• It can be used for voltmeter, ammeter and wattmeter
• Hysteresis error is nil
• Eddy current error is nil
• Damping is effective
• It can be measure correctively and accurately the rms value of
the voltage
Disadvantages
• Scale is not uniform
• Power consumption is high(because of high resistance )
• Cost is more
• Error is produced due to frequency, temperature and stray field.
• Torque/weight is low.(Because field strength is very low)
Extension of EMMC instrument
Case-I Ammeter connection
• Fixed coil and moving coil are connected in parallel for
ammeter connection. The coils are designed such that the
resistance of each branch is same. Therefore
To extend the range of current a shunt may be connected in
parallel with the meter. The value Rsh is designed such that
equal current flows through moving coil and fixed coil.
Case-II Voltmeter connection
• Fixed coil and moving coil are connected in series for
voltmeter connection. A multiplier may be connected in
series to extent the range of voltmeter.
Case-III As wattmeter
• When the two coils are connected to parallel, the instrument
can be used as a wattmeter. Fixed coil is connected in series
with the load. Moving coil is connected in parallel with the
load. The moving coil is known as voltage coil or pressure coil
and fixed coil is known as current coil.
Assume that the supply voltage is sinusoidal. If the impedance
of the coil is neglected in comparison with the resistance ‘R’.
The current,

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