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1 Parallelism

The document discusses the grammatical concept of parallelism, which refers to a balance in structure across similar phrases, clauses, or elements in a sentence. It provides examples to illustrate parallel versus non-parallel constructions and gives tips for ensuring parallel structure when using conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, comparisons, and lists.

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Amarjeet Amar
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89 views

1 Parallelism

The document discusses the grammatical concept of parallelism, which refers to a balance in structure across similar phrases, clauses, or elements in a sentence. It provides examples to illustrate parallel versus non-parallel constructions and gives tips for ensuring parallel structure when using conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, comparisons, and lists.

Uploaded by

Amarjeet Amar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1) James like fast food, while Mary liked

conventional food.

2) He wanted to have a new house to live in,


and a new car for driving

3) He comes, he saw and he conquered.


In grammar, parallelism, also known
as parallel structure or parallel construction,
is a balance within one or more sentences of
similar phrases or clauses that have the
same grammatical structure. The application
of parallelism affects readability and may
make texts easier to process.
• Lacking parallelism"She likes cooking, jogging, and to
read.“
• Parallel"She likes cooking, jogging, and reading.“
• "She likes to cook, jog, and read."
• Lacking parallelism"He likes baseball and running.“
• Parallel"He likes playing baseball and running.""He
likes to play baseball and to run."
• Lacking parallelism"The dog ran across the yard,
jumped over the fence, and sprinted away.“
• Parallel"The dog ran across the yard, jumped over the
fence, and sprinted down the alley."
• 1.When you connect two or more clauses or
phrases with a conjunction (for, and, nor,
but,etc) use parallel structure.
Example:
Not Parallel: My best friend took me dancing
and to a show.
Parallel: My best friend took me to a dance
and a show.
2.When you connect two clauses or phrases with
a correlative conjunction (not only,but also,
either…or,neither…nor, if…then, etc.) use parallel
structure.
Example:
Not Parallel: Sam wants both as satisfying job and
that pays well.
Parallel: Sam wants both a satisfying and a well
paying job.
• 3.Observe parallel structure of sentences
while comparing elements.
Example:
Not Parallel: I like to read books over watching
movies.
Parallel: I like reading books over watching
movies.
• 4. Observe parallel structure when elements
are in a list.
Example:
Not Parallel:Traditional societies believed the
king to be a religious, a political, a social and
head of the military forces.
Parallel: Traditional societies believed the
king to be a religious, political, social and a
military head.
• 5.When you connect two clauses or phrases
with a word of comparison, such as ‘than’ or
‘as’, use parallel structure.
Example
Not Parallel: I would rather pay for my
education than financial aid.
Parallel: I would rather pay for my education
than receive financial aid.
• QUIZ TIME!
1.Choose the sentence that has parallel
structure.
A. I wondered whether to make an outline first
or I should write the rough draft.
B. I wondered whether to make an outline first
or to write the rough draft.
C. I wondered whether to make an outline first
or writing rough draft.
D. I wondered whether to make an outline first
or that I should write a rough draft.
• 2.Choose the sentence that has parallel structure.
A. The teacher came into the room, he
paused before the class, and began the lesson.
B. The teacher came into the room, he
paused before the class, and he began the
lesson.
C. The teacher came into the room, he
paused before the class, and decided to begin
the lesson.
D. The teacher came into the room, he
paused before the class, and beginning the
lesson
• 3.Choose the correct words to make the
sentence parallel.
Rebecca was not only my boss but also
______.
A. is my friend
B. says she is my friend
C. friendly
D. my friend

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