Family is one of the most basic social institutions found in all societies. Kinship refers to relationships based on blood or marriage. There are two main types of kinship - consanguineal kinship based on blood relationships, and affinal kinship based on marriage. Descent refers to biological relationships between parents and offspring, while lineage traces one's ancestral descent along either their father's line (patrilineal) or mother's line (matrilineal), or both lines (bilateral). Marriage is an important social institution that publicly declares a couple's lifelong union, and societies practice different forms of marriage including monogamy, polygamy, endogamy within a group, or exogamy outside a group
Family is one of the most basic social institutions found in all societies. Kinship refers to relationships based on blood or marriage. There are two main types of kinship - consanguineal kinship based on blood relationships, and affinal kinship based on marriage. Descent refers to biological relationships between parents and offspring, while lineage traces one's ancestral descent along either their father's line (patrilineal) or mother's line (matrilineal), or both lines (bilateral). Marriage is an important social institution that publicly declares a couple's lifelong union, and societies practice different forms of marriage including monogamy, polygamy, endogamy within a group, or exogamy outside a group
Family is one of the most basic social institutions found in all societies. Kinship refers to relationships based on blood or marriage. There are two main types of kinship - consanguineal kinship based on blood relationships, and affinal kinship based on marriage. Descent refers to biological relationships between parents and offspring, while lineage traces one's ancestral descent along either their father's line (patrilineal) or mother's line (matrilineal), or both lines (bilateral). Marriage is an important social institution that publicly declares a couple's lifelong union, and societies practice different forms of marriage including monogamy, polygamy, endogamy within a group, or exogamy outside a group
Family is one of the most basic social institutions found in all societies. Kinship refers to relationships based on blood or marriage. There are two main types of kinship - consanguineal kinship based on blood relationships, and affinal kinship based on marriage. Descent refers to biological relationships between parents and offspring, while lineage traces one's ancestral descent along either their father's line (patrilineal) or mother's line (matrilineal), or both lines (bilateral). Marriage is an important social institution that publicly declares a couple's lifelong union, and societies practice different forms of marriage including monogamy, polygamy, endogamy within a group, or exogamy outside a group
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FAMILY
It is one of the basic social institutions found in every
society.
The most basic bonds are those based on marriage and
reproduction. Kinship refers to these bonds, and all other relationships resulting from them. Thus, the institution of kinship refers to a set of relationships and relatives formed thereof, based on blood relationships (consanguineal), or marriage (affinal). Consanguineal kinship- kinship based on blood is considered as the most basic and general form of relations. This relationshipis achieved bu birth or blood affinity. Descent refers to a biological relationship. Societies recognize that children descend from parents and that there exists a biologicl relationship between parents and offspring.
Lineage refers to the line where one’s
descent is traced. Symbols used by anthropologists to study patterns of descent and kin groups Unilinear Descent is a system of determining descent groups in which one belongs to one's father's or mother's line, whereby one's descent is traced either exclusively through male ancestors (patriline), or exclusively through female ancestors (matriline).
Bilateral Descent some societies trace their descent
through the study of both parents ancestors. In a baliteral descent, kinship is traced through both ancestral lines of the mother and father. Affinal Kinship refers to type of relations developed when marriage occurs. When marriage takes place new forms of social relations are developed. Marriage- is an important social institution wherein two persons, enter into family life. During this process, the partners make a public, official and permanent declaration of their union as lifetime couples. Endogamy and Exogamy Endogamy is the practice of marrying within a specific ethnic group, class, or social group, rejecting others on such a basis as being unsuitable for marriage or for other close personal relationships. Exogamy is the custom of marrying outside a community, clan, or tribe. Monogamy and Polygamy Monogamy- refers to the marriage of sexual partnering practice where the individual has only one male of female partner or mate. Polygamy- refers to the practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate. It can be polygyny (a man has multiple partner) or polyandry (a woman has multiple mate). The United Nations (UN) uses the term nucleus family: A family nucleus is of one of the following types (each of which must consist of persons living in the same household): a. A married couple without children, b. A married couple with one or more unmarried children, c. A father with one or more unmarried children or d. A mother with one or more unmarried children.
Couples living in consensual unions should be regarded as married couples.
(Source:http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/fam/fammethod s.htm#A3, accessed June 4, 2014)