Scribd
Upload
272 views

Ion Channels

The document discusses ion channels, which provide a pathway for ions to diffuse across cell membranes. Ion channels have three basic functional properties - they conduct ions, selectively permit only certain ions to pass through, and can open and close via different gating mechanisms. The document also examines the structure, diversity, evolution, and specialized functions of ion channels.

Uploaded by

Amit Sah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
272 views

Ion Channels

The document discusses ion channels, which provide a pathway for ions to diffuse across cell membranes. Ion channels have three basic functional properties - they conduct ions, selectively permit only certain ions to pass through, and can open and close via different gating mechanisms. The document also examines the structure, diversity, evolution, and specialized functions of ion channels.

Uploaded by

Amit Sah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

Ion Channels

Outline
 Why ion channels?
 Channel structure
 Ion channels have three basic functional properties
 Conduct
 Select
 Gate
 Evolutionary relationships between ion channels
 Various factors contribute to ion channel diversity
Ions Cannot Diffuse Across the Hydrophobic
Barrier of the Lipid Bilayer
Ion Channels Provide a Polar Environment for
Diffusion of Ions Across the Membrane
Specialized Functions of Ion Channels
 Mediate the generation, conduction and transmission of
electrical signals in the nervous system
 Control the release of neurotransmitters and hormones
 Initiate muscle contraction
 Transfer small molecules between cells (gap junctions)
 Mediate fluid transport in secretory cells
 Provide selective permeability properties important for
various intracellular organelles
Channels are Made Up of Subunits
Conduction
•Ion Channels Conduct Up to 108 Ions/sec

•Ion Channels Act As Catalysts


•Speed up fluxes

•Do not impart energy

•Driving force is provided by


electrochemical potential
Ion Channels are Selectively Permeable

Cation Permeable Anion Permeable


Na+ Cl -
K+
Ca++
Na+, Ca++, K+
Structure of K+ Channel Has
Multiple Functional Adaptations

Selectivity
Filter
There are Two Major Types of
Gating Actions
Gating Can Involve Conformational Changes
Along the Channel Walls
Gating Can Involve Plugging the Channel
Gating Can Result from Plugging by
Cytoplasmic or Extracellular Gating Particles
There are Five Types of
Gating Controls
1) Ligand Binding

Extracellular

Cytoplasmic
2) Phosphorylation
3) Voltage-gated

Change Membrane Potential

4) Mechanical Force-Gated
Stretch
Modifiers of Channel Gating
Binding of Exogenous Ligands Can Block Gating
(Curare)

(BTx)

(ACh)
Ion Permeation Can be Prevented by
Pore Blockers

PCP

Glutamate-Activated Channel
Exogenous Modulators Can Modify the Action of
Endogenous Regulators
Current

Time

Open

Closed

Open

Closed

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy