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Multi-Carrier Strategy Training

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 HSDPA 性能研究与华为解决方案汇报

Introduction

Key feature

Strategy and Pros vs Cons

Evaluation

Cases

2
 Introduction
• Background:
Remark: Multi-carrier strategy also include multi-band situation, such as
U900+U2100.
1501
 With the steady growth of radio services especially the data services,
operators need to expand the capacity of the live network and add more 1221
carriers are one of the choices. Currently multi-band and multi-carrier 911
networking has become a main scenario for lots of operator’s live 621
networks.
389
 According to the analysis of the operators requirements we classify them 274
into two categories and they are Prefer system capacity and Prefer voice
quality.
 Deploying different strategies will meet different operator’s requirements in
different scenarios

SPG Algorithm
• Strategy content ： Neighborin
Setting Switch
g Cell
Manage

Campin
g Access HSPA+
Policy Load Mobility Status
Policy Balance Transition
Policy
Policy

Multi-Carrier Strategy

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 Access policy feature – DRD

Step1: Generates a list of candidate Step2: Get the Technical

DRD-supportive inter-frequency Priority of the DRD Cells
Take DC service as an example
cells with RAB DRD Conditions by MIMO_64QAMorDC-
HSDPA and
MIMOor64QAM.

Priority

DRD: Directed Retry DRD Cells

Decision
Step3: The HSDPA Steering
Cell will be selected.
Capability Matching
between Cells and UE

Cell selection based

on Service Steering
Step4: The DC Group will be decided by comparing the DL Load
between the DC Groups.
Cell selection And the Anchor Carrier will be selected based on the UL Load of the
based on Load 2 carriers belonging to the DC Group.

• In RAN11.0 and earlier versions, DRD is implemented based on blind handover (that is, the cell
signal quality meets certain threshold, but not to measure the target cell).

• In RAN12.0, the original DRD algorithm implementation is kept, and measurement-based DRD
algorithm is added (that is, to measure signals of the target cell). Measurement-based DRD or
DRD of blind handover is based on parameters configuration and currently measurement-based
DRD is closed by default.

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 Load balance policy feature – LDR
 When the usage of cell resource exceeds the basic congestion triggering threshold, the cell enters the basic congestion state.
In this case, Load Reshuffling (LDR) is required to reduce the cell load and increase the access success rate.
The RNC adopts the following behaviors until the congestion is removed:
– Inter-frequency load handover
LDR Actions
– BE rate reduction

QoS Renegotiation for Uncontrollable Real-Time Services

– CS/PS inter-RAT handover
– QoS Renegotiation for
Uncontrollable Real-Time Services

Inter-RAT Handover in CS Domain

Inter-RAT Handover in PS Domain

Inter-Frequency Load Handover
– code reshuffling
– AMR rate reduction

AMR Rate Reduction

BE Rate Reduction

Code Reshuffling
Resource

Channel
UL/DL
 LDR actions intended for different
resources

Remarks ：
If the downlink power–based admission
uses the ENU algorithm, the basic
congestion can also be caused by the
ENU. In this situation, LDR actions do not
involve AMR rate reduction or MBMS Power UL DCH √ √ √ √ √ √  
power reduction, as indicated by the HSUPA √     √      
DL DCH √ √ √ √ √* √  
symbol “*” in the preceding table.
HSDPA √     √      
DC-HSDPA √     √      
Iub UL DCH     √ √   √  
HSUPA       √      
DL DCH     √ √   √  
HSDPA       √      
Code – –              
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HSDPA              
UE Restriction( Refer to 3GPP 25.133)

– UE can only measure 2 inter-frequency only

for both idle mode and connected mode in 3G

– UE can only measure 3 inter-frequency 3G

frequency in GSM

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Strategy -- Preferred Camping
SHO
HHO
Blind HO
F2
Camping
HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99

F1
R99+HSP R99+HSP R99+HSP R99+HSP
A A A A

1.Idle User randomly camp on F1 carrier

2.Through setting SPG, R99 directly establish on F1
3.Through setting SPG, H services establish on F2 preferentially
4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers
5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2
6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2
7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed

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Strategy -- Random Camping
SHO
HHO
Blind HO
F2
Camping
R99+HSP
R99+HSPA
A
F1
R99+HSP R99+HSP R99+HSP R99+HSP
A A A A

1.Idle User randomly camp on F1 or F2 carrier

2.R99 directly establish on each carrier that the user camp on
3.H services DRD based on H user number balanced
4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers
5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2
6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2
7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed

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 Strategy -- Pros vs Cons
Pros
Pros Cons
Cons
 High
High system
system capacity,
capacity, high
high carrier
carrier  AMR
AMR and
and HSPA
HSPA services
services are
are on
on the
the
efficiency
efficiency
 Less
Random same
same carriers,
carriers, the
the AMR
AMR KPI
KPI may
may bebe
Less DRD
DRD for
for HSPA,
HSPA, the
the HSPA
HSPA RAB
RAB
setup
setup success
success ratio
ratio will
will be
be Campin deteriorated
deteriorated
guaranteed
guaranteed as as much
much as
as possible
possible g
 As
As all
all carriers
carriers are
are used
used for
for HSPA,
HSPA,
HSPA experience may be
HSPA experience may be better better

 AMR
AMR andand HSPA
HSPA are
are separate
separate on on  Resources
Resources onon different
different carriers
carriers may
may
different carriers, the AMR experience Preferred not be used equally
different carriers, the AMR experience not be used equally
will
will be
be guaranteed
guaranteed as as much
much as as Camping  Due
Due to
to HSPA
HSPA carrier’s
carrier’s high
high load
load as
as
possible
possible well as the DRD, the HSPA
well as the DRD, the HSPA setupsetup
 The
The AMR
AMR carrier
carrier load
load will
will be
be relatively
relatively success
success ratio
ratio may
may bebe deteriorated
deteriorated
low
low and
and the
the drive
drive test
test for
for high
high signal
signal
quality and coverage will
quality and coverage will be be
guaranteed
guaranteed as as much
much as as possible
possible
AMR are basic service for WCDMA. Some operators pay special attention on AMR in order to
Conclusion

satisfy these requirement (Prefer voice quality), HW suggests to use “Preferred Camping
Conclusion

Strategy”.
As the rapid growing of data service, system capacity become much more important than ever
before, in order to help operator to improve HSPA experience (Prefer system capacity) , HW
suggests to use “Random Camping Strategy”

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 Evaluation– How to use tool

• Start Omstar Start UMTS_NetworkAudit Choose items as below to

analyse network strategy and corresponding KPIs
• How to use UMTS_NetworkAudit pls. refer 《 UMTS Network
Evaluation Tool User Guide 》

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 Evaluation– Result to analysis
• According to the NodeB number,
provide Top10 Strategy and as well as
it’s pros and cons
•  Is this what you need?

• Provide each NodeB’s strategy

•  Is this what you need?

• Provide KPI according to the carrier

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 Case 1 – Strategy analysis using tool example(1)

• Conclusion:
• 94.2% NodeB deploy Random Camping Strategy
• 5.8% NodeB deploy Preferred Camping Strategy
• Why are there so many different strategy? Are they right?

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 Case 1 – Strategy analysis using tool example(2)

• Remark: all the above KPIs are calculated by each cell

• Conclusion:
• F1/F2/F3/F4’s traffic are almost equal and this is reasonable for
Random Camping Strategy
• F5’s deployed in suburb and it’s traffic is lower than other carrier
• Why are there so many different strategy? Are they right?

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Case 2 – Strategy Adjust Example

1. In order to improve coverage and signal quality (voice quality) , operator x adjust
it’s network strategy from random camping to preferred camping
2. As expected its drive signal quality improves 1.7% (EcNo>-12dB), AMR call drop
rate reduces 0.05% but PS RAB setup success ratio deteriorates 0.46% and PS
DL throughput reduces 7%

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 Case 3 – Strategy Configuration Example
Requirement: Prefer System Capacity
SHO
Recommend Strategy: Random Camping
HHO
F4 HSPA+R99
Blind HO

F3 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99

F2 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99

F1 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99 HSPA+R99

 Camping Policy  Mobility Policy

 Camp on F1 and F2 randomly  Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all
 Access and Load Balance Policy carriers(ADD UINTRAFREQNCELL)
 All carriers support HSPA and R99  Configure one way handover based on coverage from F4 to
 Non H service are directly established in the cell F3/F2 and from F3 to F2 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL)
where the UE camp on
 Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2;
 H service are established on F1/F2/F3/F4 through
load balance F1,F2-->F3; F1, F2-->F4 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL :
 LDR policy set as default BlindHOFlag=TRUE)
 HSPA+  Configure GSM as neighboring cell for all cells, only configure
 Use F3 and F4 as DC dual carriers F1 and F2 as neighboring cell for GSM.

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 Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(1)
Requirement: 1. U900 absorb weak coverage traffic 2. Prefer system capacity

DL3038 U900 U900 U900

DL10737 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1

DL10713 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2

Network Coverage:
DL10688 U2100 F3 1. F1/F2/G900 full coverage
2. U900,F3,F4 hotspot coverage
DL10663 U2100 F4

G900 G900 G900

G1800 G1800 G1800

Suggestion: Random Camping Strategy and dedicated U900 strategy

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Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(2)
Key Switches for idle / connection mode cell reselection, RAB DRD, Inter-frequency
handover, Load reshuffling:
Parameter Value MML Command Parameter Description
"FALSE" indicates that the neighboring information is not
included in the SIB11.
SIB11Ind True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
"TRUE" indicates that the neighboring information is
included in the SIB11.
"FALSE" indicates that the neighboring
information is not included in the SIB12.
SIB12Ind True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
"TRUE" indicates that the neighboring information
is included in the SIB12
"0" indicates that the coverage-based inter-
frequency handover is not supported.
"1" indicates that the cell is assigned with the
HOCovPrio 0/1/2/3 ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
highest priority for the handover.
"3" indicates that the cell is assigned with the
lowest priority for the handover.
“FALSE” indicates that the cell is not considered as a
candidate cell for blind handover.
BlindHoFlag True/False ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
“TRUE” indicates that the cell can be considered as a
candidate cell for blind handover
"TRUE" indicates that the cell can be considered as the
measurement object in the DRD measurement algorithm
DrdOrLdrFlag True/Fals ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
or LDR measurement algorithm. The value "FALSE"
indicates that the cell is invalid.
DR_RAB_SING_ SET
ON/OFF DRD switch for single RAB
DRD_SWITCH UCORRMALGOSWITCH
DR_RAB_COMB_ SET
ON/OFF DRD switch for combine RAB
DRD_SWITCH UCORRMALGOSWITCH

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 Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(3)
• UEs will camp on U2100 F1/2, G900 and G1800 in idle mode (i.e. Access Layers).
• U900 set as “limited access layer” – UEs can reselect to U900 when coverage of U2100
F1/2 is poor. Idle UEs on U900 will reselect to F1/2 when within U2100 coverage area.
• U900 layer will be considered as the coverage layer for both CS and PS – only one way
for UE to go to this layer (from all U2100 layers) during Connected Mode is due to
coverage (i.e. Inter-Frequency HO).
• Coverage-based Inter-RAT from U2100 layers to G900 is for CS services only.
• Calls end on U2100 F3/4 will be forced to re-select to U2100 F1/F2, U900 or G900
immediately.
• F3 and F4 will be the Non-Access and HS-preferred layers – UEs will only perform HSPA
RAB DRD from F1 to co-sector F2/3/4 cells and from F2 to co-sector F1/3/4 cells.
• Combined 3G services will access at the current 3G cell, where the first service is being
served.
• LDR happens 1) between all U2100 layers (bi-directional blind Inter-Frequency HO), and
2) from 3G to G900 and co-sector G1800 for CS services only (Inter-RAT - only as 4 th action
for DL LDR).
• Measurement-Based LDR algorithm will be enabled from U900 to U2100 F1/2 (feature can
only support 2 target frequencies according to 3GPP).
• Re-selections to the G1800 layer is only possible via the G900 layer.
• Uni-directional traffic handovers are possible from G900 to G1800.
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•
 Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(4)
IDLE MODE CONNECTED MODE

U900 U900 U900 U900

Access
Layer
U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1 U2100 F1

Access
Layer
U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F2 U2100 F1

CS LDR (to
Capacity/N G900)
on Access U2100 F3 U2100 F3
Layer

Capacity/N
U2100 F4 U2100 F4
on Access
Layer
CS Inter-RAT
and LDR (to
G900 G900 G900)

Coverage-
Traffic -based (uni- based (uni-
Access directional)
Layer directional)
G1800 G1800

Blind IFHO LDR (co-sector, bi and uni-

directional)
Reselection (bi- Coverage-based CS & PS IFHO/ CS ISHO (uni-
directional) directional)
Reselection (uni- HSPA RAB DRD (co-sector, bi and uni-
directional) directional)
Measurement based LDR

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 Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(5)

Parameter U2100 F1 U2100 F2 U2100 F3 U2100 F4 U900

Cell Reselection

Qqualmin -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB -18 dB

Qrxlevmin -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm) -58(-115dBm)

Qhyst2 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB) 1 (2dB)

IdleSintrasearch 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB) 5(10dB)

IdleSintersearch 4(8dB) 4(8dB) 127 (Off) 127 (Off) 127 (Off)

Inter-freq Neighbors

To U900/F2 - True To U900/F1 - True To U900/F1 - True To U900/F2 - True

To F1/F2 - True
SIB11 Ind To co-sector F3/4 – To co-sector F3/4 - To F2 and co-sector F4 - To F1 and co-sector F3
False False False – False

IdleQoffset2 - inter (for 0 dB –> U2100 F2 0 dB –> U2100 F1 -50 dB -> U2100 F1 -50 dB -> U2100 F2
-3 dB -> U2100 F1/2
ncells with SIB11 True) 3 dB -> U900 3 dB -> U900 3 dB –> U900 3 dB –> U900

Blind handover flag (for Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector
None
LDR and DRD) U2100 cells U2100 cells U2100 cells U2100 cells

U900 - 2 U900 - 2 U900 and other F1 - 2 U900 and other F2 - 2

HOCOVPRIO F1/F2 - 2
co-sector F2/3/4 - 0 co-sector F1/3/4 - 0 co-sector F1/2/4 - 0 co-sector F1/2/3 – 0

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 Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(6)
Parameter U2100 F1 U2100 F2 U2100 F3 U2100 F4 U900

Inter-freq Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)

CS 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm

CS 2F -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm

H 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm

H 2F -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm -14dB/-107dBm

Inter-RAT Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)

CS 2D -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm -16dB/-110dBm

CS 2F -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm -14dB/-108dBm

H 2D -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm -24dB/-115dBm

H 2F -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm -21dB/-112dBm

Inter-Frequency and Inter-

SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT INTERFREQ
RAT Coexist Switch
COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_T
CoexistMeasThdChoice D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF HD_CHOICE_INTE
REQ REQ REQ REQ RFREQ

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 Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(7)

Parameter U2100 F1 U2100 F2 U2100 F3 U2100 F4 U900

DRD
Service Steering OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
LdbDRDSwitchDCH OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF

LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA ON ON OFF OFF OFF

LdbDRDchoice UserNumber UserNumber UserNumber UserNumber UserNumber

H user balance Related
LdbDRDLoadRemain
100(default) 100(default) 100(default) 100(default) 100(default)
ThdHSDPA

MaxHsdpaUserNum 64(default) 64(default) 64(default) 64(default) 64(default)

1 -> Target blind HO cell will be considered as a DRD candidate when HS-DSCH load of source cell is greater than the
LdbDRDOffsetHSDPA
load of the target cell by 1% or more.

Measurement based LDR for U900 cell: TargetFreqThdRscp: -92 dBm,

TargetFreqThdEcN0: -12 dB

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 Appendix
Feature Number Feature Name
WRFD-020110 Multi Frequency Band Networking
• Multi-frequency  relevant
WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband Management
features   WRFD-02040001 Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040002 Inter System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040003 Inter System Redirect
WRFD-02040004 Traffic Steering and Load Sharing During RAB Setup
WRFD-020302 Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on Coverage
WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance
WRFD-021200 HCS (Hierarchical Cell Structure)
WRFD-020105 Potential User Control
WRFD-020402 Measurement Based Direct Retry
WRFD-020160 Enhanced Multiband Management
Feature Number Feature Name
• Multi-carrier relevant WRFD-02040001 Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040002 Inter System Direct Retry
features WRFD-02040003 Inter System Redirect
WRFD-02040004 Traffic Steering and Load Sharing During RAB Setup
WRFD-020302 Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on Coverage
WRFD-020103 Inter Frequency Load Balance
WRFD-021200 HCS (Hierarchical Cell Structure)
WRFD-020105 Potential User Control
WRFD-02040001 Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040002 Inter System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040003 Inter System Redirect
WRFD-020402 Measurement Based Direct Retry
Feature Number Feature Name
WRFD-020303 Inter-RAT Handover Based on Coverage
• 2G/3G inter-operation WRFD-020306 Inter-RAT Handover Based on Load
WRFD-020305 Inter-RAT Handover Based on Service
WRFD-020401 Inter-RAT Redirection Based on Distance

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