Food and Beverage Service Principles

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The key takeaways are that menus have evolved over time and now come in different styles to suit various tastes and budgets. They also discuss the importance of including items from the five main food groups for a balanced, healthy diet.

The five main food groups are starchy foods, fruits and vegetables, non-dairy sources of protein, milk and dairy foods, and fat and sugar-containing foods. Each group provides important nutrients like energy, calcium, and proteins essential for good health.

Non-selective menus have advantages like being simpler to control purchasing for and portion sizes. Selective menus allow for less expensive and seasonal item selection while providing more variety. However, non-selective menus require less staff and food quantities.

Food and Beverage Service

Principles

Hospitality management
Food and Beverage Service Principles

BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF MENUS


 Historically menus were used as a random list of foods that patrons would choose from. 

 With the development of different courses, other things then began to influence menu structure, such as the
artistry and flair of different cookery methods and styles.

 Today there are many types of food, service styles and menus on offer that will satisfy different
budgets and tastes.
The Five Main Food Groups

 Establishing a menu format is helpful in ensuring that each of the five


food groups is represented. This will make certain that healthy
balanced items are available from the menu. 
There must be at least one food item from each
category on the menu:

 Starchy foods: potatoes, pasta, rice, or noodles.


 Fruit and vegetables: mango, melon, or broccoli
 Non-dairy sources of protein: meat, fish, non-dairy e.g. tofu, soya
 Milk, eggs, and dairy foods: cream, cheese, yogurt, or sour cream
 Fat and sugar-containing foods: fatty meat, dried fruits, sauces, and
soups. 
The five main food groups are listed here, with information on the nutrient requirements
essential for good health, provided by each group.

Bread, Cereal, Dairy Meat, Poultry


Rice and Pasta Fruit Vegetables
and Fish
 Milk, Yogurt and  To maintain a  To maintain a
balanced diet, a  To maintain a
 To maintain a Cheese. To balanced diet, a
maintain a person should eat balanced diet, a
balanced diet, a person should eat
balanced diet, a the right amounts person should eat
person should the right amounts
person should eat of foods from this the right amounts
eat the right of foods from this of foods from
the right amounts group. The food
amounts of group. The food this group. The
of foods from this from this group
foods from this helps keep your from this group food from this
group. The food
group. The food from this group body healthy as provides your group provides
from this group provides you with fruit contains body with your body with
gives your body calcium, which many vitamins protein, which vitamins and
energy. makes your bones and also provides helps your body fiber, just like
and teeth hard. fibre. grow strong.  the fruit group.
ACTIVITY

1. Name two menu items for each of the five food groups  Milk
listed above that would be suitable when designing a well-  Dairy foods
balanced menu:
 Foods containing less fat
 Starchy foods
 Foods containing less sugar
 Fruit
 Vegetables 2. You have several friends coming to your house for a
dinner this weekend. 
 Meat
 Fish  From the items that you have listed in the previous
 Non-dairy protein activity, assemble a well-balanced menu for the
evening.
Comparison of Different Types of Menu

 Selective - Refers to menus with a number of choices available in


each food category. 

 Non-Selective - Refers to menus with only a single choice available


in each food category.
SELECTIVE VS NON
SELECTIVE
Non-Selective Menu 

Advantages of applying non-selective menus in restaurant operations.


 • Additional staff are not required in the production
 • Simpler and easier to control purchasing
 • Less costly due to the limited items required
 • Better and easier portion control
Selective Menu

 Advantages of applying selective menus in restaurant operations.


 • Often less expensive as the menu can be balanced with less expensive items
 • A large quantity of food is not required as you have more varieties to choose
from
 • Items can be frequently updated based on changes in trends and seasonality, so
as to stimulate the consumption of target customers
Objectives of Menu

 A well-designed menu can educate and entertain the customer as well as be


a communication, cost control, and marketing tool for your restaurant. The
menu is also designed to help the guest decide what to order. 

 Well-designed menus market the food the restaurant prepares best and wants to
sell by making those items stand out from the others. 
The following five factors should be considered
when designing a menu:

 Menu items are selected not only to please the customers but to make a menu profitable for a commercial
operation
 To identify the food and drink to be offered and portions to be served

 To identify the quantities and quality of food and beverage ingredients to be purchased

 It contributes in a big way to the business’s market image

 Menus are effective marketing tools if designed with the needs of the target markets in min
ACTIVITY

 Consider the factors which influence or constrain the choice of products to be offered on a menu, and how
the resulting menu will affect other activities in a business.

 Imagine that you are having a dinner party with some friends. What are the factors you would take into
account when deciding what to serve them for dinner?

 List five objectives that need to be considered when planning a menu for a new casual dining restaurant.

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