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    4.tunneling - Lecture 2

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    BIRUK FEKADU
    The document outlines the course content for a class on tunneling techniques, including introductions to geotechnical investigations, rock mechanics, tunnel design, construction procedures, case histories, and the use of software. It provides details on geometric considerations for tunnels, such as cross section shapes, clearance needs, and fitting a rectangle into a mouth profile. The introduction also discusses factors that influence the selection of tunnel shapes.

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    4.tunneling - Lecture 2

    Uploaded by

    BIRUK FEKADU
    168 views22 pages
    The document outlines the course content for a class on tunneling techniques, including introductions to geotechnical investigations, rock mechanics, tunnel design, construction procedures, case histories, and the use of software. It provides details on geometric considerations for tunnels, such as cross section shapes, clearance needs, and fitting a rectangle into a mouth profile. The introduction also discusses factors that influence the selection of tunnel shapes.

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    4.Tunneling_Lecture 2

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    The document outlines the course content for a class on tunneling techniques, including introductions to geotechnical investigations, rock mechanics, tunnel design, construction procedures, case histories, and the use of software. It provides details on geometric considerations for tunnels, such as cross section shapes, clearance needs, and fitting a rectangle into a mouth profile. The introduction also discusses factors that influence the selection of tunnel shapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    168 views22 pages

    4.tunneling - Lecture 2

    Uploaded by

    BIRUK FEKADU
    The document outlines the course content for a class on tunneling techniques, including introductions to geotechnical investigations, rock mechanics, tunnel design, construction procedures, case histories, and the use of software. It provides details on geometric considerations for tunnels, such as cross section shapes, clearance needs, and fitting a rectangle into a mouth profile. The introduction also discusses factors that influence the selection of tunnel shapes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES

    CENG 6902

    Dr.-Ing. Henok Fikre


    May 2019, AA
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    COURSE CONTENT
     Introduction
     Geotechnical Investigations

     Rock Mechanics

     Tunnel Detailed design

     Tunnel Construction procedures

     Post Construction Considerations

     Applications with software

     Case Histories
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION
     Historical developments
     Arts of Tunneling

     Geometric Considerations

     Further tunneling considerations


    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC
    CONSIDERATIONS
     Parts

    1- Key stone
    2- Arch
    Top
    Top
    3- Wall heading
    heading
    4- Floor
    5- Bench
    Invert
    Invert
    6- Bench line or plane
    7- Top heading
    L
    8- Invert
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations
    • Horizontal and vertical alignment
    • Clearance
    • Cross section elements
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations -Clearance
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross section
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross section
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross section
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross section elements
    • Travel lanes
    • Shoulders
    • Sidewalks/Curbs
    • Tunnel drainage
    • Tunnel ventilation
    • Tunnel lighting
    • Tunnel utilities and power
    • Water supply pipes for firefighting
    • Cabinets for hose reels and fire extinguishers
    • Signals and signs above roadway lanes
    • CCTV surveillance cameras
    • Emergency telephones
    • Communication antennae/equipment
    • Monitoring equipment of noxious emissions and visibility
    • Emergency egress illuminated signs at low level (so that they are visible in
    case of a fire or smoke condition)
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross section elements
    • Portals
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross sections
    • Various profiles are conceivable, e.g. rectangular ones.
    • The most widespread ones, however, are circular (a) and mouth profiles (b)

    a) b)
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross sections
    • A mouth profile is composed of circular sections.
    • The ratio of adjacent curvature radiuses should not exceed 5 (r1/r2 < 5).
    • The minimum radius should not be smaller than 1.5 m.
    • Note that in the case of weak rock the lower part of the lining also receives load from
    the adjacent ground.
    •Therefore, a curved profile is advisable from a statical point of view also in the invert
    • The following relations refer to geometrical properties of mouth profiles.
    • With the initial parameters r1, r2, r3 it is obtained:
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross sections
    • A typical problem of tunnel design is to fit a rectangle into a mouth profile

    It is assumed that the lower edges of the rectangle are on the circle with
    radius r3
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - GEOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS
     Geometrical considerations – Cross sections
    • A typical problem of tunnel design is to fit a rectangle into a mouth profile
    • Choose r1, r2, r3 in such a way that the mouth profile comprises the rectangle
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
     Shapes of road tunnels: •cut and cover method
     Rectangular •immersed method
     Circular •jacked box tunneling

     Horse shoe (curvilinear)


    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
     Shapes of road tunnels:
     Rectangular
     Circular tunnel boring machine (TBM)
    drill and blast in rock
     Horse shoe (curvilinear)
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
     Shapes of road tunnels:
     Rectangular
     Circular
    •drill and blast in rock
     Horse shoe (curvilinear) •Sequential Excavation Method
    (NATM)
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
     Shape (type) selection criteria
     Tunnel geometry (depth, no. of lanes)
    e.g. 2 lanes (vehicles) or railway circular (TBM)
    larger and/or deeper tunnels SEM
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUE
    INTRODUCTION - FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
     Shape (type) selection criteria
     Tunnel geometry (depth, no. of lanes)
    e.g. 2 lanes (vehicles) or railway circular (TBM)
    larger and deeper tunnels SEM
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS
     Further considerations
    TUNNELING TECHNIQUES
    INTRODUCTION - ASSIGNMENT
     Assignment 1
     Show how to fit a rectangular tunnel into a mouth profile
    by using the three digits of your ID number to choose the
    values of r1, r2, r3, and b

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