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    3 Lateral Load Resisting System F

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    Reffisa Jiru
    Lateral loads from wind or earthquakes require a continuous load path through the building structure to the foundation. Common lateral load resisting systems include rigid frames, braced frames, shear walls, concrete or steel structures, and mixed systems. Tall buildings are designed to resist bending, shear, and vibration through vertically continuous structural elements located at the building's outer edges. Irregular buildings with weaknesses like soft stories require specialized seismic design to ensure uniform load distribution and deformation.

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    3 Lateral Load Resisting System F

    Uploaded by

    Reffisa Jiru
    442 views33 pages
    Lateral loads from wind or earthquakes require a continuous load path through the building structure to the foundation. Common lateral load resisting systems include rigid frames, braced frames, shear walls, concrete or steel structures, and mixed systems. Tall buildings are designed to resist bending, shear, and vibration through vertically continuous structural elements located at the building's outer edges. Irregular buildings with weaknesses like soft stories require specialized seismic design to ensure uniform load distribution and deformation.

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    3 Lateral load Resisting System f

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    Lateral loads from wind or earthquakes require a continuous load path through the building structure to the foundation. Common lateral load resisting systems include rigid frames, braced frames, shear walls, concrete or steel structures, and mixed systems. Tall buildings are designed to resist bending, shear, and vibration through vertically continuous structural elements located at the building's outer edges. Irregular buildings with weaknesses like soft stories require specialized seismic design to ensure uniform load distribution and deformation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    442 views33 pages

    3 Lateral Load Resisting System F

    Uploaded by

    Reffisa Jiru
    Lateral loads from wind or earthquakes require a continuous load path through the building structure to the foundation. Common lateral load resisting systems include rigid frames, braced frames, shear walls, concrete or steel structures, and mixed systems. Tall buildings are designed to resist bending, shear, and vibration through vertically continuous structural elements located at the building's outer edges. Irregular buildings with weaknesses like soft stories require specialized seismic design to ensure uniform load distribution and deformation.

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    Lateral Load Resisting Systems

    Lateral either wind load or earth quake is need a contious load path to transfer safely to ground.
    In broad classification,
     Rigid frame
     Braced frame
     Rigid frame
     Shear walls
     Concrete Systems
     Structural Steel Systems
     Mixed systems
    Lateral Load Resisting Systems
    Lateral Load Resisting Elements
    Vertical Elements
     Moment-Resisting Frames
     Walls
     – Bearing walls / Shear Walls / Structural Walls
     Gravity Frame + Walls
     “Dual” System (Frame + Wall)
     Vertical Truss
     Tube System
     Bundled-Tube System
     Floor/Diaphragm
     Foundation – various types

     
    Concrete Rigid Frame Lateral wind or
    floor seismic loads
    diaphragm

     Rigid frames which consist of


    building beams and columns
    work well for buildings up to
    20 to 25 stories
     Most common system utilized
    during the recent commercial
    office market construction

    lateral load
    resisting frame
    Concrete Shear Walls Lateral wind or
    floor seismic loads
    diaphragm

     Shear walls are


    typically introduced
    for buildings greater
    than 25 stories

    lateral load
    resisting shear
    walls
    Structural Steel Systems

    Field welded
    beam-column
    connections

    Rigid Frame Elevation Knee-braced Frame


    ExpensiveElevation
    Inefficient
    Structural Steel Systems

    X-braced Frame Elevation K-braced Frame Elevation


    Efficient
    Most commonly used
    Mixed Systems

    Steel braced Frame

    Steel Rigid Frame


    Mixed Systems

    Concrete Shear Walls

    Concrete or Steel Rigid Frame


    Development of Building Design

    Steel
    Development of Building Design

    Concrete
    Tall Buidings
     Tall buildings have fascinated humans from the beginning of
    civilization as evidenced by the pyramids of Giza,
    Egyp,Ethiopia Axum , China etc
     The motivation behind their construction was primarily for
    creating monumental rather than human habitats.
     By contrast, in now a day contemporary tall buildings are
    primarily a response to the demand by commercial activities,
    often developed for corporate organizations as prestige
    symbols in city centers.
    Tall Buidings
     Tall buildings have fascinated humans from the The feasibility
    of tall buildings has always depended upon the available
    materials and the development of the vertical transportation
    necessary for moving people up and down the buildings.
    Tall Buidings
    Structural Concepts
     The adoration that skyscrapers command lies in their apparent
    freedom from gravity loads: they do no just stand tall; they do
    so effortlessly.
     The key idea in conceptualizing such a bewildering and yet
    efficient structural system is to think of the building as a beam
    cantilevering from the earth.
     The laterally directed force generated due to either
     wind or seismic action tends both to snap it (shear) and to push
    it over (bending). Therefore,a building must have a system to
    resist shear as well as bending.
    Tall Buidings
    Structural Concepts
     The adoration that skyscrapers command lies in their apparent
    freedom from gravity loads: they do no just stand tall; they do
    so effortlessly.
     The key idea in conceptualizing such a bewildering and yet
    efficient structural system is to think of the building as a beam
    cantilevering from the earth.
     The laterally directed force generated due to either
     wind or seismic action tends both to snap it (shear) and to push
    it over (bending). Therefore,
     a building must have a system to resist shear as well as
    bending.
    Tall buidings
    Tall buidings
    Tall buildings
     A perfect structural form to resist effects of bending,
    shear, and excessive vibration is a system with vertically
    continuous elements ideally located at the farthest
    extremity from the geometric center of the building.
    Tall buildings
    Tall buildings
    Summary of Buildings Systems
    Design for seismic
     Structural design of buildings for seismic loading is primarily
    concerned with structural safety during major earthquakes, but
    serviceability and the potential for economic loss arealso of
    concern. Seismic loading requires an understanding of the
    structural behavior under large inelastic, cyclic deformations.
     Behavior under this loading is fundamentally different

    from wind or gravity loading, requiring much more detailed


    analysis, and application of a number of stringent detailing
    requirements to assure acceptable seismic performance beyond
    the elastic range.
    Summary of Buildings Systems
     Some structural damage can be expected when the
    building experiences design ground motions because
    almost all building codes allow inelastic energy
    dissipation in structural systems.
    Summary of Buildings Systems
     In general, most earthquake code provisions implicity require
    that structures be able to resist
     1. Minor earthquakes without any damage.
     2. Moderate earthquakes with negligible structural damage and
    some nonstructural damage.
     3. Major earthquakes with some structural and nonstructural
    damage but without collapse. The structure is expected to
    undergo fairly large deformations by yielding in some
    structural members.
    Summary of Buildings Systems
    SEISMIC DESIGN CONCEPT
     Structural Response
     Load Path
     Demands of Earthquake Motions
     Response of Elements Attached to Buildings
     Adjacent Buildings
     Irregular Buildings
    SEISMIC DESIGN CONCEPT
    Irregular Buildings
    The seismic design of regular buildings is based on two
    concepts
    1. Linearly varying lateral force distribution
    2. The cyclic inelastic deformation demands are reasonably
    uniform in all of the seismic force-resisting elements.
    SEISMIC DESIGN CONCEPT
     Typical building configuration deficiencies include an
    irregular geometry, a weakness in a story, a concentration
    of mass, or a discontinuity in the lateral-force-resisting
    system
    SEISMIC DESIGN CONCEPT
     Vertical irregularities are defined in terms of strength,
    stiffness, geometry, and mass. Although
     these are evaluated separately, they are related and may occur
    simultaneously. For example,
     a building that has a tall first story can be irregular because of a
    soft story, a weak story, or
     both, depending on the stiffness and strength of this story
    relative to those above.
    Building Irregularity
    Building Irregularity
    Building Irregularity
    Building Irregularity
    Building Irregularity
    Building Irregularity

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