Present Tenses

Present
Present Tenses.
Tenses.
- Present tenses are used to talk about actions that happens in the present or will
happen in the future.
-This presentation provides an explanation on how to use the following verbs and
verb tenses:
●● Verb
Verb to
to be
be
●● Present
Present continuous.
continuous.
●● Present
Present simple.
simple.
The verb to be is one of the most important verbs in English language. It can be used
to say different things according to the context. Specially, when talking in the present
tense.
Verb structure:
Affirmative: These sentences are the ones that declare or state In English, the contractions('m,' re, ‘s) are
something true. For example: used for informal contexts. However, for
● She is at work. formal contexts it is preferable to use the
complete form (am, is, are).
Negative: Negative sentences are those that deny
something. The participle ‘not’ is added after the verb.
For example:
● She is not at work.
Interrogative: These are used to request certain
information. For example:
● Is she at work?
Short answer:
● Yes, she is./No, she is not.
Positive + Negative +
(Contraction) (contraction)
I Am (‘m) Am not
Singular You Are (‘re) Are Not (aren’t)
He/She/It Is (‘s) Is not (isn’t)
We
Plural You Are Are not (aren’t)
They
Questions:
- Affirmative: They are happy. - He is rich.
- Question: Are they happy? - Is he rich?

Uses of the Present Simple.
1)
It’s NOT used to talk about something that is happening at the moment we are talking. It is
used to talk about things that usually happen. It is often used with time adverbs. For
example:
• He often cooks.
• You never exercise.
• I always visit my mother on Sundays.
Exceptions.
Time adverbs go before the verb, except when we use the verb "to be", when we use it, the
verb goes before the adverb. For example:
• In winter I'm always sick.
• We're usually happy.
• They're rarely noisy.
2)
It’s used to talk about generalities or scientific facts. For example:
• Madrid is in Spain.
• Do people like vegetables?
• Nobody knows everything.
3)
It’s used for events scheduled in the near future. For example:
• The meeting starts at 10 a.m.
• The party is tomorrow.
• The flight is in two hours.
4)
It’s used for instructions. For example:
• Read chapter 3 of the book for the next class.
• Don't scream;
• Brush your teeth.
Structure of the Present Simple.
Negative. Interrogative.
Positive.
S. + don’t/doesn’t + verb + Do/does + S. + verb +
S. + verb(s) + object.
object. object.
I love tennis. I don’t love tennis. Do I love tennis?
You love tennis. You don’t love tennis. Do you love tennis?
We love tennis. We don’t love tennis. Do we love tennis?
They love tennis. They don’t love tennis. Do they love tennis?
Does he love tennis?

He loves tennis. He doesn’t love tennis.
Does she love tennis?
She loves tennis. She doesn’t love tennis.
Does it love tennis?
It loves tennis. It doesn’t love tennis.
Uses of the Present Continuous.
1) We can use it to explain the idea that something that happening now, at the moment of speaking.
For example:
● They are watching a T.V show.

right now.
● My mother is cooking the dinner in the kitchen at this time.
at this moment.
1) We can also use this tense to expresses longer actions not at this moment but in progress.
● We are working on a new project for school.

● Julie is learning to play piano.
3) It used for temporary situations, even if the action is not happening at this moment.
● He is staying with his parents for a week.

● I am working in the bar until I find a permanent job.
4) It can be used for temporary or new habits.
● She is smoking too much.

● My brother is eating a lot these days.
5) Another use is to talk about an annoying habit that isn’t regular, but happens
very often. In this tense we can usually use an adverb like always, constantly or
forever.
● John is always coming to work late.

● He is constantly losing his contact lenses.
6) Future uses: It can used to indicate that something will or will not happen in a
near future.
● We are meeting our father tomorrow morning.

● My cousin is coming with us to the party tonight.
Structure of the Present Continuous
Affirmative Negative Interrogative

S + (am-is-are) + inf.verb + ing... S + (am-is-are) + not + inf.verb + (am-is-are) + S + inf.verb +
ing... ing…?
I am reading.... I am not (I’m not) reading... Am I reading…?
She is cooking... She is not (isn’t) cooking... Is she cooking…?

He is eating... He is not (isn’t) eating... Is he eating…?
It is starting… It is not (isn’t) starting... Is it starting…?
You are working... You are not (aren’t) working... Are you working…?
They are talking... They are not (aren’t) talking... Are they talking…?
We are playing... We are not (aren’t) playing... Are we playing…?

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Present

Singular You Are (‘re) Are Not (aren’t)

He/She/It Is (‘s) Is not (isn’t)

- Question: Are they happy? - Is he rich?

I love tennis. I don’t love tennis. Do I love tennis?

We love tennis. We don’t love tennis. Do we love tennis?

Does he love tennis?

● They are watching a T.V show.

● We are working on a new project for school.

● He is staying with his parents for a week.

● She is smoking too much.

● John is always coming to work late.

● We are meeting our father tomorrow morning.

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I am reading.... I am not (I’m not) reading... Am I reading…?

She is cooking... She is not (isn’t) cooking... Is she cooking…?

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