Hose Tools and Appliances

LESSON 7
HOSE TOOLS AND APPLIANCES

Fire Hose Appliances and Hose Tools
Various devices are used with fire hose, other than hose
couplings and nozzles
These devices are grouped into two categories, hose
appliances and hose tools
Hose A hose appliance is any piece of hardware used in

appliances conjunction with delivering water
Valves
The flow of water is controlled by use of various valves in

hoselines at hydrants, and at pumpers, they include:
 Ball valves – used in pumper discharges and gated
wyes
 Gate valves – used to control the flow from a
hydrant
 Butterfly valves – used on large pump intakes
 Clapper valves – used in Siamese appliances
Valve Increase or decrease the number of hoselines operating at the
devices fire ground
Wye appliances – divides a hose line into two or more lines,
most common found have one 2 ½ inch inlet and two 1 ½
inch outlets
Valve
device Increase or decrease the number of hoselines operating at the fire ground
s
Wye appliances – divides a hose line into two or more lines, most common found
have one 2 ½ inch inlet and two 1 ½ inch outlets
Siamese appliances – consist of two or more hoselines brought into one hose line,
typical siamese appliance has two or three female connections coming into the
appliance and one male discharge
 May be equipped with or without a clapper val ve

 Commonly used to overcome the problems caused by friction loss in hose
lays
 Can add additional lines on the fireground
Hydrant Used when a hose lay is made from the water supply source
valves to the fire scene
Allows the supply line to be connected and the hydrant to be
charged before the arrival of another pumper
The supply pumper may connect to the hydrant and pressure
may be boosted in the original supply line without having to
interrupt the flow of water
Fittings Available for connecting hoses of different sizes and threads
An adapter is a fitting for connecting hose couplings with

dissimilar threads but with the same inside diameter
The double male and double female adapters are probably used
more than any other special hose appliance
 Used when couplings are of the same sex
A reducer is used to extend a larger hoseline by connecting a

smaller one to the end
 Commonly found on pump discharge outlets

Other  Elbows – change the direction of flow
fittings  Hose caps – close off male couplings
include:  Hose plugs – close off female couplings
Intake Suction hose strainers are intake devices attached to the drafting end
devices of the hard suction used to keep debris from entering the fire pump
Hose There are a variety of tools used in conjunction with hose
tools lines
Common ones include:
 Hose rollers
 Spanner wrenches
 Hose strap
 Hose rope tools
 Hose chain tools
 Hose clamps
 Hose jackets
 Ramps
 Blocks
Hose roller used when pulling hose over windowsills and roof edges
Hose used to stop the flow of water in a hose line for the following
clamp reasons
 To prevent charging the hose bed during hose lay

operations
 To allow replacement of a burst section of hose
without shutting down the water supply
 To allow extension of a hose line without shutting
down the water supply
 To allow the advancement of a charged hose line up
stairs
Rules to follow that apply to hose clamps are as follow:
 Apply the hose clamp at least 20 feet behind the apparatus

 Apply the hose clamp approximately 5 feet from the coupling on
the incoming water side
 Stand to one side when applying or releasing the press down type
of hose clamp
( the operating handle is prone to snapping open suddenly )
o Caution: Never stand over the handle of a hose clamp
when applying or releasing it. The handle may swing
upward in a violent motion and injure the firefighter
attempting to operate the handle
 Center the hose evenly in the jaws to avoid pinching the hose
 Close and open the hose clamp slowly to avoid water hammer
Hose Bridges Hose bridges (aka..Hose ramps) help prevent injury to
or Ramp hose when a vehicle crosses it
Should be used wherever a hose line crosses a street or
other area where vehicular traffic cannot be diverted
Chaffing block Devices that are used to protect fire hose where
hose is subjected to rubbing from vibrations
Made of wood, leather, or sections of old truck
tires
Spanner, Hydrant Spanner wrench – used primarly to tighten and
Wrench, and loosen hose couplings, other uses are:
Rubber Mallet
 Wedge for prying
 Opening that fits gas utility valves
 Slot for pulling nails
 Flat surface for hammering
Hydrant wrenches are primarily used to remove

caps from fire hydrant outlets and open fire
hydrant valves
 The lever may be threaded onto the head

making it adjustable and the handle may
be a ratchet type
 The head may be equipped with a
spanner to help make or break coupling
connections
Rubber mallets are used to strike the lugs to tighten or
loosen intake hose couplings
Hose Strap,
Hose Rope, Most useful tool to aid in carrying or handling a
and Hose charged hose line is the hose strap
Chain
These devices can be used to carry and pull fire hose
Primary value is to provide a more secure means to
handle pressurized hose when applying water
Another important use is to secure hose to ladders and
other fixed objects
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LESSON 7

HOSE TOOLS AND APPLIANCES

Hose A hose appliance is any piece of hardware used in

The flow of water is controlled by use of various valves in

 May be equipped with or without a clapper val ve

An adapter is a fitting for connecting hose couplings with

 Used when couplings are of the same sex

A reducer is used to extend a larger hoseline by connecting a

 Commonly found on pump discharge outlets

Common ones include:

 To prevent charging the hose bed during hose lay

 Apply the hose clamp at least 20 feet behind the apparatus

Hydrant wrenches are primarily used to remove

 The lever may be threaded onto the head

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