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    Islamic Architecture

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    Armer Landicho
    Islamic architecture originated when Muslims began building in conquered lands like Byzantium, Greece, Egypt, and the Middle East. Key characteristics include large interior spaces, domes and ceilings, arched structures, and intricate decorative patterns covering exteriors and interiors. Major public building types were mosques, madrasahs (theological schools), and mausoleums. Important early examples include the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain, while the Taj Mahal is the most famous Islamic mausoleum. Islamic architecture incorporated influences from other styles but is uniquely defined by its decorative emphasis and religious functions within major building forms.

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    Islamic Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Armer Landicho
    555 views30 pages
    Islamic architecture originated when Muslims began building in conquered lands like Byzantium, Greece, Egypt, and the Middle East. Key characteristics include large interior spaces, domes and ceilings, arched structures, and intricate decorative patterns covering exteriors and interiors. Major public building types were mosques, madrasahs (theological schools), and mausoleums. Important early examples include the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain, while the Taj Mahal is the most famous Islamic mausoleum. Islamic architecture incorporated influences from other styles but is uniquely defined by its decorative emphasis and religious functions within major building forms.

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    Islamic architecture originated when Muslims began building in conquered lands like Byzantium, Greece, Egypt, and the Middle East. Key characteristics include large interior spaces, domes and ceilings, arched structures, and intricate decorative patterns covering exteriors and interiors. Major public building types were mosques, madrasahs (theological schools), and mausoleums. Important early examples include the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain, while the Taj Mahal is the most famous Islamic mausoleum. Islamic architecture incorporated influences from other styles but is uniquely defined by its decorative emphasis and religious functions within major building forms.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    555 views30 pages

    Islamic Architecture

    Uploaded by

    Armer Landicho
    Islamic architecture originated when Muslims began building in conquered lands like Byzantium, Greece, Egypt, and the Middle East. Key characteristics include large interior spaces, domes and ceilings, arched structures, and intricate decorative patterns covering exteriors and interiors. Major public building types were mosques, madrasahs (theological schools), and mausoleums. Important early examples include the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Mosque of Cordoba in Spain, while the Taj Mahal is the most famous Islamic mausoleum. Islamic architecture incorporated influences from other styles but is uniquely defined by its decorative emphasis and religious functions within major building forms.

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    Islamic Architecture

    Architectural History
    ACT 322
    Doris Kemp
    Topics
     Islamic Origins
     Islamic Characteristics
     Islamic Public Buildings
     Mosques
     Madresahs

     Mausoleums
    Islamic Architecture:
    Origins
     Islamic architecture gains its origins when the
    Muslims began to build in conquered lands

     Byzantium
     Greece

     Egypt

     Middle East
    Islamic Architecture:
    Characteristics
     Islamic architecture shares many forms and
    structural concerns with Byzantine, Medieval,
    and Renaissance architecture
     Islamic architectural characteristics
     Large interior spaces
     Domes and ceilings
     Arches and columns
     Walls and vaults
     Wall-like facades
    Islamic Architecture:
    Characteristics
     A particular characteristic is the architectural
    decoration
     Independent of structure
     Intricate patterns completely cover exteriors and
    interiors
     Domes of various shapes

     Arch forms in the shape of a horseshoe are


    uniquely Islamic
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     The most common types of Islamic public
    buildings
     Mosques
     Madresahs

     Mausoleums
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mosques
     Considered the most important building
     Serve as a gathering place for prayer, teaching, and
    a town hall
     Its form has been very consistent through time and
    place
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mosques
     The earliest mosques were built to represent the
    prophet Mohamed’s house
     A courtyard and covered area for prayer
     All mosques were axial and oriented towards
    Mecca
     Mecca is Islam’s most holy site
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mosques
     Dome of the Rock
     Located in Jerusalem
     c. 684 A.D.
     Built on the spot where
    Muslims believe the
    prophet Mohamed was
    carried to heaven

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mosques
     Dome of the Rock
     Features
     Octagonal format
     Vaulting
     Columns
     Piers
     Rich mosaic decoration
     Dome of gilded wood, considered a symbol of the power of
    Islam
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mosques
     Great Mosque
     Cordoba, Spain
     A culminating monument of the early Islamic period

     Features
     Double-tiered arches
     Possibly derived from the Roman aqueducts in Spain

     Dome featuring cross-bracings, interlacing arches, rich stucco,


    and mosaic decorative overlays
     Led to a unique Islamic style
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Madresahs
     Theological colleges and schools of religion
     Usually attached directly to mosques

     Typical structure
     Four vaulted halls surrounding a center courtyard
     The largest side hall is known as the qibla
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Madresahs
     The four halls are usually surrounded
     Apartments
     Schoolrooms

     Exterior decoration usually only surrounds


    openings and marks the roofline
     Unlike other public buildings where decoration starts at
    the foundation and ends at the roof
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mausoleums
     Memorials to holy men and rulers
     Usually centrally planed and domed

     The most famous Islamic mausoleum is the Taj


    Mahal
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mausoleums
     Mausoleum of the Taj
    Mahal
     c. 1631 – 1648
     Located in Agra, India
     Built as a memorial by a
    Muslim Indian ruler to his
    wife

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Mausoleums
     Mausoleum of the Taj Mahal
     Features
     Assortment of motifs from Persian and Turkish sources
     Many gardens and water pools
     Inlaid stone patterns and Koranic inscriptions
     Lacy marble walls
     Large portals
     Extravagant domes
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings

    Photo: Sullivan
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Other Features
     Materials
     Brick
     Local stone

     Marble

     Stucco
    Islamic Architecture:
    Public Buildings
     Other Features
     Domes
     Used to cover prayer halls and other spaces
     Unique to Islam was the many shapes of the domes
     Round
     Octagonal
     Multilobed
     Star-shaped
    References
     Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/
     http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html
     Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to
    Postmodernity
     Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture
    Islamic Architecture
    Architectural History
    ACT 322
    Doris Kemp

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