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XI Computer Science Lecture No 2

There are four main categories of computers based on their physical size, cost, and speed: 1) Supercomputers, which are the largest, most expensive, and powerful computers used for complex calculations and modeling. 2) Mainframe computers, which are larger and more expensive than minicomputers but less powerful than supercomputers, used in large organizations for thousands of users. 3) Minicomputers, which are larger and more expensive than microcomputers and can support hundreds of users, but modern microcomputers are replacing them. 4) Microcomputers, which are the smallest and least expensive computers, consisting of basic components like a keyboard, mouse, and monitor, and are used for personal and business applications.

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92 views12 pages

XI Computer Science Lecture No 2

There are four main categories of computers based on their physical size, cost, and speed: 1) Supercomputers, which are the largest, most expensive, and powerful computers used for complex calculations and modeling. 2) Mainframe computers, which are larger and more expensive than minicomputers but less powerful than supercomputers, used in large organizations for thousands of users. 3) Minicomputers, which are larger and more expensive than microcomputers and can support hundreds of users, but modern microcomputers are replacing them. 4) Microcomputers, which are the smallest and least expensive computers, consisting of basic components like a keyboard, mouse, and monitor, and are used for personal and business applications.

Uploaded by

Saghri Khattak
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture No # 2

Computer Science
Class XI
By: Muhammad Ashfaq Khan
Topic:
Overview of Computer System
Classification of Digital
Computers
There are several factors that make
computers different from each other. These
factors are physical size, cost, speed, etc.
Based on these factors, computers are
classified into four categories.
• Supercomputer
• Mainframe computer
• Minicomputer
• Microcomputer
Supercomputers

Supercomputers are the largest, the


most expensive and powerful computers.
They are used to process complex
calculations as well as designing and
controlling of complicated machines,
such as rockets and fighter planes.
Supercomputers are also used in nuclear
research and weather forecasting which
requires huge amount of calculations to
be performed at high speed. The best
known supercomputers are built by Cray
Inc. an American supercomputers
manufacturers and IBM. In Pakistan Modern Supercomputer
supercomputers are used in many
organizations, like Atomic Energy
Research Centre. A supercomputer is
shown in Fig.
Mainframe Computers

These are larger, more expensive and more


powerful computers compared to minicomputer but
less powerful than supercomputer. They are used in
large corporations, banks, universities and scientific
laboratories. Mainframes usually fill a large room
because they include many types of peripheral
devices. A typical mainframe can execute about trillion
instructions per second (TIPS) and can support
thousands of users. Some examples of mainframe are
IBM’s zEnterprize EC12, EC 196 and HP 16500
Series.
A mainframe is shown in Fig.
Mainframe Comptuers

Mainframe computer
Minicomputers
These computers are larger and more expensive than
microcomputers. Minicomputer and its peripheral equipment can
usually fill a small room.
Minicomputers can support hundreds of users at a time.
Minicomputers are faster than microcomputers. They can execute
billions of instructions per second (BIPS). These computers can
process more data than microcomputers.
Minicomputers are widely used in industrial process control,
scientific research and small business applications.
Due to advancement of technology, the difference between the
performance of microcomputer and minicomputer is gradually
decreasing. As a result, modern microcomputers are replacing the
more expensive minicomputers.
Examples of minicomputer are IBM System/36 and HP 3000. A
minicomputer is shown in Fig.
Minicomputers

Minicomputer
Micro Computers
Microcomputer is the smallest and least expensive computer.
Its small size is a result of LSI (Large Scale Integration) and VLSI
(Very large Scale Integration) technologies. A modern
microcomputer can execute millions of instructions per second
(MIPS). Although, this is very fast but it is much slower than
minicomputers and mainframes.
A typical microcomputer consists of a Keyboard, a Mouse, a
Monitor and System Unit. Microcomputers are used at home for
personal use as well as for business applications. A large variety
of software is available for use on microcomputers. A
microcomputer can easily fit on a desktop or in a briefcase in the
form of laptop computer.
Some examples of microcomputer are IBM ThinkPad, Toshiba
Satellite series, Dell XPS, HP Envy series and Apple series.
Micro Computers

Microcomputer
Thank You

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