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    Work Values, Attitude, and Job Satisfaction

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    Deepak Aggarwal
    Work values are basic convictions about what is preferable in work and life. They influence employee attitudes, motivation, and decision-making. Common work values include achievement, autonomy, and work-life balance. Attitudes are evaluative statements about objects, people, and events that consist of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. Job satisfaction is one's general attitude toward one's job, determined by factors like pay, coworkers, supervision, and work conditions. High job satisfaction can increase performance and well-being while low satisfaction can lead to absenteeism and turnover.

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    Work Values, Attitude, and Job Satisfaction

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Aggarwal
    39 views17 pages
    Work values are basic convictions about what is preferable in work and life. They influence employee attitudes, motivation, and decision-making. Common work values include achievement, autonomy, and work-life balance. Attitudes are evaluative statements about objects, people, and events that consist of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. Job satisfaction is one's general attitude toward one's job, determined by factors like pay, coworkers, supervision, and work conditions. High job satisfaction can increase performance and well-being while low satisfaction can lead to absenteeism and turnover.

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    05-OB Chapter 1

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    Work values are basic convictions about what is preferable in work and life. They influence employee attitudes, motivation, and decision-making. Common work values include achievement, autonomy, and work-life balance. Attitudes are evaluative statements about objects, people, and events that consist of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. Job satisfaction is one's general attitude toward one's job, determined by factors like pay, coworkers, supervision, and work conditions. High job satisfaction can increase performance and well-being while low satisfaction can lead to absenteeism and turnover.

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    39 views17 pages

    Work Values, Attitude, and Job Satisfaction

    Uploaded by

    Deepak Aggarwal
    Work values are basic convictions about what is preferable in work and life. They influence employee attitudes, motivation, and decision-making. Common work values include achievement, autonomy, and work-life balance. Attitudes are evaluative statements about objects, people, and events that consist of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. Job satisfaction is one's general attitude toward one's job, determined by factors like pay, coworkers, supervision, and work conditions. High job satisfaction can increase performance and well-being while low satisfaction can lead to absenteeism and turnover.

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    You are on page 1of 17

    Work Values, Attitude,

    and Job Satisfaction

    Week 3 - 12/03/2008

    1
    Ⅰ Work Values
    ► Concepts: Basic convictions that a specific mode of
    product or end-state of existence is personally or socially
    preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-
    state of existence.

    Why important:
    ► Foundation to know employees’ attitudes and
    motivation
    ► Affect employees’ perception and decision making

     Work Value System (values’ intensity)


     Sources of Value System: societal factors, biological
    parents.
    2
    Types of values
    (1)Allport
    ► Theoretical:the discovery of truth though a
    critical and rational approach
    ► Economic: the useful and practical
    ► Aesthetic: Form and harmony
    ► Social: the love of people
    ► Political:Acquisition of power and influence
    ► Religious:The unity of experience &
    understanding of the cosmos as a whole
    3
    Types of values
    (2)Rokeach values survey (RVS)
    ► Terminal: Desirable end-states of existence; the goals
    to pursue during one’s lifetime
    comfortable(exciting)life,sense of accomplishment,world of peace (beauty),
    equality, family (nation) security,freedom, happiness,inner harmony,
    mature, true friendship, wisdom.

    ► Instrumental:preferable modes of behavior or means


    of achieving one’s terminal values
    ambitious, broad-minded, capable, cheerful, clean, honest,
    courageous,forgiving,helpful, imaginative,independent, intellectual, logical,
    loving, obedient, polite, responsible

    4
    Types of values
    (3)Contemporary work cohorts
    ► Protestant work ethic:hard work; conservative;
    loyalty to the organization
    ► Existential:Quality of life,nonconforming,seeks
    autonomy; loyalty to self 1960s--mid-1970s
    ► Pragmatic:Success,achievement,ambition,hard
    work; loyalty to career mid-1970s--late 1980s
    ► Generation X:Flexibility,job satisfaction,leisure
    time; loyalty to relationships 1990s
    ► New generation: confident, financial independent,
    self-reliant, team worker, loyalty to self and
    relation 2000s
    5
    Ⅱ Attitude
    Concept
    ► Evaluativestatements or judgement concerning
    objects,people,or events 3 components
    ► cognitive component---the opinion or belief
    segment of an attitude(value statement)
    ► affective
    component--- emotional or feeling
    ► behavioral component--An intention to behave
    in a certain way toward someone or sth.
    ► Essentially refers to the affect part

    6
    Determinants of Work attitudes
    Personality
    The enduring ways a person has
    of feeling, thinking and behaving

    Work situation Attitudes to work Values


    The work itself The collection of feelings, Intrinsic work
    Coworkers, beliefs and predispositions to values
    supervisors and behave in one’s job or Extrinsic work
    subordinates organisation values
    Physical working
    conditions
    Working hours, pay Social influence
    and job security
    Coworkers
    Groups
    Culture 7
    Differences between Work Values and
    Attitudes.
    Values Attitudes
    Nature of work itself Current job or
    organization
    Stable over a long time
    Moderately stable
    Determines choice of a
    job, career, happiness Determines absenteeism,
    with a job, etc. turnover, organizational
    citizenship behaviors.

    8
    Why Might Attitudes Matter at Work?
    ►Because attitudes to work and/or employing
    organisation might affect:
    • Whether a person seeks a new job
    • How co-operative they are with others at work
    • Whether they present a positive image of the
    organisation to clients or customers
    • How they react to change
    • How hard they work (motivation)
    • Their psychological or physical health

    9
    Attitudes, Behavior & Consistency

    ► People try maintain consistency between their


    different attitudes.
    ► People try maintain consistency between
    attitudes and behavior.
    ► Altering their attitudes or behavior,
    developing a rationalization for their
    discrepancy.

    10
    Cognitive Dissonance Theory

    ► ifthere is an inconsistency between two


    attitudes or between attitudes and
    behavior
    ► people seek to make them consistent
    ► Achieve a stable state with minimum of
    dissonance

    11
    Cognitive Dissonance Theory

    Desire to reduce dissonance depends


    on
    1 importance of elements creating the
    dissonance
    2 degree of influence over the elements
    3 rewards involved in the dissonance

    12
    Do Attitudes cause Behavior?
    Answer: Not very well!
    Attitudes have a stronger affect on
    behavior if they are
     important
     specific
     accessible
     social pressure reinforces the attitude
     you have experience with the attitude.
    13
    Self-Perception Theory
     attitudes do not cause behavior,
    behavior causes attitudes
     attitudes are formed after the fact to
    make sense out of behavior that already
    occurred

    14
    Ⅲ Job Satisfaction
    ► Anindividual’s general attitude toward his or
    her job.

    ► Determinants of Job Satisfaction


    pay & benefits; co-workers; supervisor; the
    work itself; career opportunity; job security;
    work conditions, etc

    15
    Potential Consequences when Job
    Satisfaction is...
    MISSING PRESENT

    ► Absenteeism ► Performance?

    ► Turnover ► Worker Well-Being

    16
    Other Important Work Attitudes

    Job involvement: the degree to which a


    person identifies psychologically with his/her
    job and considers his/her perceived
    performance level important to self-worth.

    Organizational commitment: A state in


    which an employee identifies with a particular
    organization and its goals, and wishes to
    maintain membership in the organization
    17

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