Skeletal System of Fishes

Skeletal system of fishes
submitted by: Afaq ali

Submitted to: Mam Maria Latif
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skeletal system
The skeletal system forms the framework of the body
and is mainly composed of the bones and tissues. The
main functions of the skeletal system are as follows:
Protection.
Helps in movement.
Provides shape and support.
They are the site for the storage of minerals like
calcium and hemopoitic (blood forming).
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Composition of Fish Skeletal System
A skeleton is the hard structure that protects the
internal organs of a living thing. Skeletons can be
inside the body or outside the body.
A skeleton of fish is either made of bone or Cartilage.
There are two different skeletal types:
Exoskeleton- An outer shell of an organism.
Endoskeleton- Inner shell of an organism
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Features:
Bones are rigid organs that form part of the
endoskeleton of vertebrates.
Bone tissue is found only in subphylum vertebrata
it consists of the vertebral column, jaw, ribs, cranium
and intramuscular bones.
 It provides protection and control and also they
produce red blood cells in addition to kidneys and
spleen.
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Features:
Starting from the head, bony fish consist of solid hard
bones called cranium. Cranium protects the brain
from mechanical stresses.
The main features of the fish, the fins, are bony fin
rays and except for the caudal fin, have no direct
connection with the spine.
They are supported only by muscles.
The ribs attach to the spine.
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Features:
Gills are the pair of the respiratory organ of fish and
some amphibians. There are three pairs of bones that
aid gills. These pair of bones is called gill arches which
are made of bony filaments.
 Fins are a vital part of fish. They help with propulsion,
steering, and stability. Paired fins take up the role of
steering while caudal fins and dorsal fins help in
propulsion and stability respectively.
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Features:
Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue.
Bones come in a variety of shapes and have a complex
internal and external structure.
They are light weight, strong and hard.
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Exoskeleton
The exoskeleton is the external skeleton that exists on
the outside of an organism.
It is the hard outer coating that provides support,
protects the muscles and soft tissues or organs of the
body.
 It also protects the animal from predators and harsh
environment.
The skeleton of a fish is either made of cartilage
(cartilaginous fishes) and bones (boney fishes).
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Exoskeleton
All fish are vertebrates, whether they are cartilaginous
or bony.
The sharks, rays and chimaeras (Class
Chondrichthyes) have skeletons made of cartilage.
The teleosts (Class Actinopterygii) have skeletons
made of bone.
Exoskeleton develops from the ectoderm.
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Exoskeleton
Examples of exoskeleton include scales, calcified
shells and chitinous cuticle.
In fishes, the exoskeleton is made of scales
As with most fish species, the fins are bony rays
supported by muscle and, save for the caudal (tail) fin,
are not directly connected to the spine.
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Exoskeleton
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Endoskeleton
It is an internal skeleton present inside the body of a
living organism, e.g. a bony or a cartilaginous skeleton
of vertebrates.
All vertebrates like birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians
and mammalians have an endoskeleton.
The endoskeleton is the internal support system
it also provides sites for the attachment of muscles
and thus can transmit the forces to the muscles.
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Endoskeleton
The endoskeleton mainly comprises bones and cartilage.
 In some organisms like cartilaginous fishes, it is
exclusively made up of cartilage.
 Bones are made up of bone cells known as osteoblasts and
they form joints to articulate with each other. A bone is
attached to another bone by ligament and muscles are
attached to bones by tendons.
The vertebral column of RAHU is a completely ossified
structure and composed of 37-38 vertebrae . The vertebrae
are of amphicoelous (i.e., both the ends of the centrum
bear concavity) type.
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Endoskeleton
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Difference between bone and cartilage:
Bone Cartilage
 Bones are the hard, inelastic and a  Cartilage is a soft, elastic and flexible
tough organ that forms part of the connective tissue that protects the bone
vertebral skeleton. from rub
 Cartilage is of three types: Hyaline
 Bones are of two types: compact or
cartilage, fibrocartilage and elastic
spongy. cartilage.
 Cartilage cells are known as

 Bone cells are known as osteocytes. chondrocytes.
 Absence of blood vessels (nutrients are

 Presence of blood vessels.
obtained through diffusion)
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Difference between bone and cartilage:
Bone Cartilage
The matrix is both organic and  The matrix is completely organic.
inorganic.  May or may not have deposition of
Has deposits of calcium salts. calcium salts.
 Lacks blood supply (hence repair is
The bones have a rich blood supply. slower)
The growth pattern of the bone is  The growth pattern of the cartilage is
bidirectional. unidirectional.
Protect the body from mechanical  Supports the respiratory tract, acts as
damage, provide a framework and shock absorbers between weight-
shape for the body, helps in the bearing bones, maintains the shape
and flexibility of fleshy appendages
movement of the body, store minerals,
and reduces friction at joints.
and produce both RBC – red blood
cells and WBC – white blood cells.
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Skeletal System of Fishes

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Skeletal system of fishes

submitted by: Afaq ali

 Cartilage cells are known as

 Absence of blood vessels (nutrients are

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