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Presenters: Horace M. Estrella Jay Mart A. Lazana Princess Camille R. Hipolito

The document outlines the six steps of policy analysis according to Carl V. Patton. The first step is to verify, define, and detail the problem. This involves determining the scope of the problem, redefining it based on available information and perspectives, and focusing on key factors. Challenges include clearly stating the problem, eliminating irrelevant information, using measurable terms, and defining the problem unambiguously. The root cause must also be identified.

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Horace Estrella
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148 views

Presenters: Horace M. Estrella Jay Mart A. Lazana Princess Camille R. Hipolito

The document outlines the six steps of policy analysis according to Carl V. Patton. The first step is to verify, define, and detail the problem. This involves determining the scope of the problem, redefining it based on available information and perspectives, and focusing on key factors. Challenges include clearly stating the problem, eliminating irrelevant information, using measurable terms, and defining the problem unambiguously. The root cause must also be identified.

Uploaded by

Horace Estrella
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

VERIFYING,

DEFINING,
AND
DETAILING
THE
PROBLEM
PRESENTERS:
HORACE M. ESTRELLA
JAY MART A. LAZANA
PRINCESS CAMILLE R. HIPOLITO
WHAT IS POLICY ANALYSIS?
"The process through
which we identify and
evaluate alternative
policies or programs
that are intended to
lessen or resolve social,
economic, or physical
problems."
- Carl V. Patton
2
There exists a very simple
pattern of ideas and
points to be considered in
doing an actual policy
analysis.
-Carl V. Patton, author of Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and
Planning, President in Georgia State University, 1992
3
SIX STEPS
IN POLICY
ANALYSIS
-Carl V. Patton
THE SIX STEPS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. Verify, define, and detail the problem.
2. Establish evaluation criteria.
3. Identify alternative policies.
4. Evaluate alternative policies.
5. Display and distinguish among alternative
policies. 
6. Monitoring the implemented policy. 
5
Most analysts first
approach the problem by
the methods and outlook
of their discipline.
e.g. Economists see
problem in terms of
economic costs and
benefits.
6
Verifying, Defining, and Detailing the
Problem
The most relevant and important of them all because many
times the objectives are not clear or even contradictory
from each other. A successful policy analysis will have
allocated and identified clearly the problem to be resolved in
the following steps. This is the foundation for an efficient and
effective outcome of the whole process. The analyst must
question both the interested parties involved as well as their
agendas of the outcome. Locating the problem in such a way
that eliminates any ambiguity for future references. 7
DEFINING
THE
PROBLEM
VERIFYING, DEFINING, AND DETAILING THE
PROBLEM
 Determine the magnitude and extent of the
problem
 Continually re-define the problem in light of what
is possible to make sure the problem exists.
 Consider perspectives of other constituencies; it
pays to think about all possible viewpoints at the
start before you narrow down the points.
9
PROBLEM
DEFINITION

The first thing the policy analyst


must do is to ask:
1) Does a problem exist?
2) Can anything be done about
it?
If the answers are no, then 3) Does the client have the
there is no point in doing a power?
policy analysis.
Example: Effect of Covid 19 to
Education
Magnitude and extent of the problem: students,
teachers, parents, school staff
Redefining the problem to determine that it
really exist: news, announcement of the
president
Consider perspectives of other constituencies:
conduct survey
VERIFYIN
G THE
PROBLEM
VERIFYING, DEFINING, AND DETAILING
THE PROBLEM
Understand the positions and influence of various
individuals and groups involved in the problem;
 Who is concerned about the problem?
 What are their stakes about the problem? Or stakes in
the issue?
 What power do they have to affect the decision?
Also determine if enough information is available or
will be available for the conduct of the study and
whether there will be benefits in collecting more data.
13
Example: Effect of Covid 19 to
Education
positions and influence: students,
teachers, parents, school staff
enough information: news,
announcement of the president,
survey
DETAILING
THE
PROBLEM
Click icon to add picture

CHALLENGES at this stage of analysis


are to:
 State the problem meaningfully
 Eliminate irrelevant materials
 Say it with numbers
 Focus on critical factors
 Define the problem in a way that it will
eliminate ambiguity
16
PITFALLS IN PROBLEM DEFINITION
1. accepting the client's definition of the
problem
2. looking only for the simple and obvious
3. thinking that any and all problems need a
public solution
4. confusing the need for short- versus long-
term solutions
5. confusing the values of individuals versus
collectivities
ACTIVITY
Click icon to add picture

RECALL:
CHALLENGES at this stage of analysis are
to:
 State the problem meaningfully
 Eliminate irrelevant materials
 Say it with numbers
 Focus on critical factors
 Define the problem in a way that it will
eliminate ambiguity 19
Click icon to add picture

Identify the irrelevant


materials, root cause, and the
problem in the sample
situation given.
20
Click icon to add picture

Sample situation:
One private school in Bulacan have already prepared the
school facilities for the SY 2020-21 last February. Walls and
chairs are newly painted. Instructional materials are ready.
The library is renovated and new story books and new sets
computers are placed on it. On March 2020, the classes was
suspended by the government due to Covid-19 pandemic. It
was announced that there will be no face-to-face classes on
the coming SY. Students will attend online classes from their
houses with the use of gadgets like smart phones and
computers. 21
Click icon to add picture

1. Irrelevant materials:
2. Root cause:
3. Define the problem that will
eliminate ambiguity:
22
THANK
YOU !
HTTPS://WEB.CSULB.EDU
HTTP://STEPSFORSUCCESSFULPOLICYANALYSIS.BLOG
SPOT.COM/HTTP://STEPSFORSUCCESSFULPOLICYAN
ALYSIS.BLOGSPOT.COM/

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