Approaches in Curriculum Design

APPROACHES IN
CURRICULUM DESIGN
MAE LAARNI M. SAPORNA
EDAD 382 – Curriculum Theory and Development
Approach Defined:
• It is a way of dealing with something;

• A way of Doing or thinking about of something;
(Merriam-Webster)
What is Curriculum Approach?
• It is a way of dealing with a curriculum;

a way of doing, creating, designing,
thinking about a curriculum.
Four Curriculum
Approaches
• Behavioral Approach
• Managerial Approach
• Systems Approach
• Humanistic Approach
Behavioral Approaches
• Proponent: Frederick Taylor

• Anchored on the Behaviorist Principle
• Activities are based on blueprint – with
goals and objectives specified;
• Contents and activities are arranged to match the
learning objectives.
• Learning outcomes are evaluated in terms of the
goals and objectives set at the beginning.
• AIM – To achieve efficiency
• In education, behavioral approach begins with
setting of goals and objectives.
• These are more important ingredients in
curriculum implementation as evaluating
the learning outcomes based on a change
in behavior.
• Change in behavior indicates a measure
of accomplishments.
Managerial Approaches
• General Manager:
• Sets the policies and priorities;
• Establishes direction of change and
innovation;
• Planning and organizing curriculum
and instruction.
• School Administrators
• Less concerned about the content than
about the organization and
implementation;
• Less concerned about the subject
matter, method, and materials than
improving the curriculum.
• Curriculum Managers
• Look into the curriculum changes and
innovation as they administer the
resources and curriculum structures;
• Roles of Supervisors:
1. Help develop the school’s educational goals;
2. Plan curriculum with students, parents, teachers
and other stakeholders;
3. Design program of study by grade level;
4. Plan or schedule classes in the school calendar;
5. Prepare curriculum guide or teacher guide by
grade level by subject area;
• Roles of Supervisors:
6. Helps in evaluation and selection of textbooks;

7. Observe teachers;
8. Assist teachers in the implementation of curriculum;
9. Encourage curriculum innovation and change;
10. Develop standards for curriculum and instructional
evaluation.
Systems Approaches
• Influenced by Systems theory
• The parts of the total district or schools are examined
on how they relate on each other.
• Organization chart – represents a system approach;
shows a line-staff relationships of personnel and how
decisions are made.
Systems Approaches
• Developed by George Beauchamp
• The system approach of curriculum see
the following of equal importance
• Administration
• Counselling
• Curriculum
• Instruction
• Evaluation
Humanistic Approaches
• Rooted on the progressive philosophy and
child-centered movement;
• Considers the formal or planned curriculum
and the informal or hidden curriculum;
• Considers the whole child and believes that
in curriculum, the total development of the
child is of prime consideration.
Humanistic Approaches
• CHILD IS THE CENTER OF

EDUCATION.
Other Approaches in
Curriculum Design
Child or Learner-Centered Approaches
• Based on underlying philosophy that the
child is the center of learning;
• Curriculum is constructed according to the
need, interests, purposes and abilities of
the learners.
• Also built on learners knowledge, skills,
learnings and potential.
Child or Learner-Centered Approaches
• A new respect for the child is fundamental
• A new freedom of action is provided
• The whole activity is divided into unit of
work
• The recognition of the need for using and
exploring many media for self-discovery and
self-direction is embraced.
Subject-Centered Approaches
• Anchored on the curriculum design which
prescribes different and separate subjects
into one broad field.
Subject-Centered Approaches
• Considers the following:
• The primary focus is the subject matter.
• The emphasis is on bits and pieces of
information which are detached from life
• The continuing pursuit of learning outside the
school is not emphasized.
• The subject matter serves as means of
identifying problems in living.
Problem-Centered and Human-Relation
Centered Approaches
• Based on curriculum design which assumes
that in the process of living, children
experience problems.
• Problem solving enables learners to become
increasingly able to achieve complete or
total development of individuals.
Centered Approaches
• The learners are capable of directing and
guiding themselves in resolving problems; thus,
they become independent learners.
• The learners are prepared to accept their civic
responsibilities through direct participation and
different activities.
Centered Approaches
• The curriculum leads the learners in the
recognition of concerns and problems and in
seeking solutions. The learners are considered
problem solvers.

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What are the four main curriculum approaches discussed in the text?

What are the main characteristics of the behavioral approach?

APPROACHES IN

• It is a way of dealing with something;

• It is a way of dealing with a curriculum;

• Proponent: Frederick Taylor

6. Helps in evaluation and selection of textbooks;

• CHILD IS THE CENTER OF

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