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    Cognitive Dissonance

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    Manoj Anandan
    Cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people experience psychological discomfort from holding contradictory beliefs or behaviors. The theory was developed based on an experiment where participants were paid different amounts to lie about an unpleasant task. Those paid less rationalized the task as more pleasant to reduce dissonance between their lie and actual experience. The theory suggests dissonance motivates people to change beliefs or behaviors to achieve consonance and reduce discomfort.

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    Cognitive Dissonance

    Uploaded by

    Manoj Anandan
    92 views8 pages
    Cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people experience psychological discomfort from holding contradictory beliefs or behaviors. The theory was developed based on an experiment where participants were paid different amounts to lie about an unpleasant task. Those paid less rationalized the task as more pleasant to reduce dissonance between their lie and actual experience. The theory suggests dissonance motivates people to change beliefs or behaviors to achieve consonance and reduce discomfort.

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    COGNITIVE DISSONANCE

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    Cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people experience psychological discomfort from holding contradictory beliefs or behaviors. The theory was developed based on an experiment where participants were paid different amounts to lie about an unpleasant task. Those paid less rationalized the task as more pleasant to reduce dissonance between their lie and actual experience. The theory suggests dissonance motivates people to change beliefs or behaviors to achieve consonance and reduce discomfort.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    92 views8 pages

    Cognitive Dissonance

    Uploaded by

    Manoj Anandan
    Cognitive dissonance theory proposes that people experience psychological discomfort from holding contradictory beliefs or behaviors. The theory was developed based on an experiment where participants were paid different amounts to lie about an unpleasant task. Those paid less rationalized the task as more pleasant to reduce dissonance between their lie and actual experience. The theory suggests dissonance motivates people to change beliefs or behaviors to achieve consonance and reduce discomfort.

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    COGNITIVE DISSONANCE

    THEORY
    COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY

    • Cognitive dissonance
    - uncomfortable feeling or stress caused
    by holding two contradictory ideas
    simultaneously
    COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY

    • Dissonance increases with:


    • The importance of the subject to us.
    • How strongly the thoughts conflict.
    • Our inability to rationalize and explain
    away the conflict.
    COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY

    • Dissonance is often strong when we


    believe something about ourselves and
    then do something against that belief. If I
    believe I am good but do something bad,
    then the discomfort I feel as a result is
    cognitive dissonance
    • Festinger and Carlsmith's classic 1959 experiment:

    • Students were made to perform tedious and meaningless tasks

    • Participants rated these tasks very negatively. After a long period of


    doing this, students were told the experiment was over and they
    could leave.

    • Experimenter then asked the subject for a small favor. He was told
    that a needed research assistant was not able to make it to the
    experiment, and the participant was asked to fill in and try to
    persuade another subject (who was actually a confederate) that the
    dull, boring tasks the subject had just completed were actually
    interesting and engaging.

    • Some participants were paid $20 for the favor, another group
    was paid $1, and a control group was not requested to perform
    the favor.
    • When asked to rate the peg-turning tasks later, those in the $1
    group rated them more positively than those in the $20 group
    and control group.
    COGNITIVE DISSONANCE THEORY

    • The experimenters concluded that many


    human beings, when persuaded to lie
    without being given sufficient justification,
    will carry out the task by convincing
    themselves, rather than telling a lie.
    REDUCING COGNITIVE
    DISSONANCE
    • Cognitive dissonance - powerful motivator
    lead us to change one or other of the
    conflicting belief or action.
    REDUCING COGNITIVE
    DISSONANCE
    • To release the tension we can take one of
    three actions:
    • Change our behavior.
    • Justify our behavior by changing the
    conflicting cognition.
    • Justify our behavior by adding new
    cognitions

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