Operation of Lathe Machine

Operation of Lathe Machine
ARUL R
AP/MECH
The various operation of Lathe Machine
• Straight Turning
• Step Turning
• Taper Turning
• Eccentric Turning
• Facing
• Grooving
• Under Cutting
• Knurling
• Relieving
• Drilling Operation
• Reaming
• Boring
• Grinding
Different types of Lathe Machines
Operation
Straight Turning
 In the straight turning operation workpiece is turned straight when it is made to

rotate about the lathe axis and the tool is feed parallel to the lathe axis.
 You can clearly seen in the figure in turning operation where the tool feeding
direction is parallel to the axis of the lathe.
 In straight turning operation cylindrical type surface made by removing excess
material from the workpiece.
 It is of types such as rough turning and finishing turning.
Step Turning
 Step turning is the process of turning which is produces different surfaces

diameter.
 The workpiece is held between centres and the tool is moved parallel to the axis
of the lathe.
 It is also called shoulder turning.
Taper Turning
 In a taper turning the operation of lathe machine performed in a manner of

uniform increasing the diameter of a workpiece or a job to along its length.
 For the taper turning, we can use the following taper turning methods
• By using from tool
• By using compound slide
• By using taper turning attachment
• By displacing the tail stock
Eccentric Turning
 If any cylindrical job has two or more in different types of axis and their centres
are different from its axis, it is called eccentric workpiece components.
 The process of turning such as eccentric components is called eccentric turning.
Facing
 Facing is the operation of a lathe machine in which produces flat surfaces to cut
the metal square with axis.
 In facing operation feeding tool is always perpendicular to the axis of the rotation
of a job or a workpiece.
 Facing operation also can be done in milling machine through milling cutters that
is known as face milling.
Grooving
 In grooving process produces narrow groove on the cylindrical surface of the

workpiece.
 Seen in figure where grooved is made in a nut and bolt after performing operation
of lathe machine.
 In grooving process produces a groove like a square, radial and also in a bevelled
type shape.
 Grooves are also can be made by slotting machine.
Under Cutting
 The process of internal cutting in a hole is called under cutting.

 The under cutting is widely used for internal threading and cutting a groove.
 See in a figure grooved nut and bolt made after operation of lathe machine.
 Like threading in a nut, bolt or internal machine part
Knurling
 Knurling is done by pressing the two hardened steel wheels called knurls and the
process of impressing the straight indentations on the surface of a workpiece is
called knurling.
 It is widely used for external coarse surfaces of the measurement devices,
gauges and other equipment’s to easy grip.
 See in a figure knurling screw is made after performing operation of lathe
machine.
Relieving
 This process is used for relieving the teeth of a cutting tool.

 To do this process on the general lathe, a relieving attachment is used.
Drilling Operation
 In this process, drill bit tool is used for drilling the workpiece.

 After drilling, a lathe machine provides the other operations such as tapping,
boring, internal threading, etc.
 See in a figure drilling operation perform in lathe machine.
Reaming
 Reaming is a process that consists of the accurate size, round and fine finishing
of a hole after the drilling.
 Reamer has the cutting edges and gripped in the drill chuck.
 For the reaming at the lathe, the workpiece is rotated at slow speed and reaming
is done by tail stock head wheel.
 In the reaming process, always use the coolant.
Boring
 Boring is a process which is used for making a hole.

 In this process, a hole made by turning drill hole or casting hole of a workpiece.
 It is also called internal turning.
 Boring process is used for making an accurate, finished and wide size of hole.
Grinding
 Grinding at the lathe machine is performed by an special attachment on moving

grinding wheel for the external and internal surfaces of a workpiece.
 For the external surface grinding, a workpiece is rotated between the centres and
for the internal grinding, a workpiece is gripped at the chuck and then rotated.
 See in figure grinding operation performed in a lathe grinder.

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Operation of Lathe Machine

 In the straight turning operation workpiece is turned straight when it is made to

 Step turning is the process of turning which is produces different surfaces

 In a taper turning the operation of lathe machine performed in a manner of

 In grooving process produces narrow groove on the cylindrical surface of the

 The process of internal cutting in a hole is called under cutting.

 This process is used for relieving the teeth of a cutting tool.

 In this process, drill bit tool is used for drilling the workpiece.

 Boring is a process which is used for making a hole.

 Grinding at the lathe machine is performed by an special attachment on moving

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