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Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College Ludhiana: Project

This document describes a bridge construction project submitted by Ayush Jindal. It summarizes the key components of a bridge including the foundation, substructure, and superstructure. It then discusses the common types of bridges and provides details on the construction process for a well foundation. The document also covers bridge analysis, pre-stressed concrete techniques including pre-tensioning and post-tensioning, beam casting using a gantry crane system, and references design codes for bridges.

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Saraj Gill
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50 views15 pages

Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College Ludhiana: Project

This document describes a bridge construction project submitted by Ayush Jindal. It summarizes the key components of a bridge including the foundation, substructure, and superstructure. It then discusses the common types of bridges and provides details on the construction process for a well foundation. The document also covers bridge analysis, pre-stressed concrete techniques including pre-tensioning and post-tensioning, beam casting using a gantry crane system, and references design codes for bridges.

Uploaded by

Saraj Gill
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE

LUDHIANA
Civil Engineering Department

PROJECT

Submitted by: Submitted to:


 
Name: Ayush Jindal Prof. Jagbir Singh

Class Roll No.: 2045001 Prof. Mandeep kaur

University Roll No.: 2005172


DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION OF
BRIDGES
Bridge
A bridge is a structure built to span physical obstacles such as a body of water, valley, or road for the purpose of providing passage
over the obstacle. 

Common Types of Bridges


The bridge consists primarily of three parts:

 FOUNDATION (well)
• Cutting edge
• Well curb
• Casting of steining in respective lifts
• Sinking of lifts
• False steining
• Plugging

SUB STRUCTURE
• PIERS
• PIER CAP
• PEDSTALS

SUPER STRUCTURE
• GIRDERS-: Girders are casted in casting yard adjacent to site.
• Launching of girders with the help of Gantry System
• Connection girder
• Deck slab
Well Foundation

• Well foundations lies


under the category of
open caissons ( they are
open at both the ends ).

• Components :
 Cutting edge
 Well curb
 Well steining
 Bottom plug
 Sand fill
 Top plug
 Well cap
Construction of well

Setting of well curb

Sinking of well

Bottom plugging

Sand filling

Closing of top by well cap


Bridge Analysis

• Dead load
It includes self weight of superstructure that is weight of beams , deck slab, cross girders,
diaphragm, crash barriers.
• Live load
 Class AA loading : adopted within certain municipal limits , existing or contemporary
areas
 Class A loading : for all roads with permanent bridge or culvert
 Class B loading : for temporary structures like bridge with timber span
Live Load ( IRC 6:2000 )
PRE- STRESSED CONCRETE

Internal stresses (compressive) of suitable magnitude and distribution are introduced to


counteract the stresses resulting from external loads to the desired degree.
Pre- stress can be applied in two ways:-

Pre-tensioning
Before casting, tensile force is applied to high tensile steel tendons. Concrete when developes sufficient
compressive strength, a compressive force is imparted to it by releasing the tendons.

Post-tensioning
Concrete after casting when gains sufficient strength, a state of pre-stress is induced by tensioning steel
tendons passed through ducts cast into the concrete. The tendons are then normally grouted in place.

IS 1343 -1980 recommends 40 N/mm2 and 30 N/mm2 as minimum grades of concrete to be used in pre
and post – tensioning respectively.
PRE- TENSIONING SYSTEMS

• Mechanical
• Hydraulic
• Electrical (Thermal)
• Chemical

Hydaulic power pack ( Tangee ) specifications:-


• hydraulic pressure of 700 kg/ cm2
• 1440 rpm, 415 volt, 50 hz
• Fluids : Indian oil ( Servo system 46) ,Bharat petroleum (Hydrol 46)

Casting of concrete
 Releasing :- of all the strands is done simultaneously when concrete gains 75 % of the specified
compressive strength ( .75 x 40 MPa). It is done again with hydraulic power pack.
ADVANTAGES OF PRE- STRESSING
More resistance to shearing force due to compressive pre-stress

 Are lighter and more durable

 More stiff than reinforced member of same depth

 In longer spans, it is more economical method. For spans 40-60 m: Saving in concrete : 15-
30 % .

 Pre- tensioning is more speedy than post- tensioning as launching can be done after 7 days.

Precautions

Strictly no person should stand in line with the tensioned strand.

 Proper curing of beams should be done.


BEAM CASTING
For pre- tensioning and then casting of
beams , a CASTING YARD is prepared.

 It is made up of M30 grade concrete

 610 m3concrete and 58 tonne steel has been


used

 It has three bays B1, B2, B3 with each bay


having capacity to cast three beams at a time

Precautions

Strictly no person should stand in line with the tensioned strand.

 Proper curing of beams should be done.


Launching of Beams

Beams cast are transferred from casting bed and


launched on the bearings with the help of GANTRY
CRANE

 Rail mounted gantry crane system :- For this a rail


track is laid throughout the span of bridge at
specified level and gantry crane is mounted on this
rail track.
REFERENCES
IRC (Indian Roads Congress) Codes for bridges

IRC 5 : general features of design

IRC 6 : loads and stresses

IRC 18 : design criteria for pre stressed concrete bridges (post tensioned concrete)

IRC 21 : cement concrete (plain and reinforced)

IRC 78 : foundations and substructure

THANK YOU……..

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