Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 56 views

    Luminescence

    Uploaded by

    Mamta Garg
    Luminescence is the emission of light from a substance that is not caused by heat. This document discusses luminescence in semiconductors. It explains that light emission in semiconductors results from the generation of electron-hole pairs through excitation, relaxation or diffusion of carriers, and recombination. Common types of luminescence include fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Luminescence in semiconductors is used in light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and phosphors. Excitation can occur through light, electrons, electric fields, or chemical reactions. Relaxation and recombination times are on the order of picoseconds to milliseconds. Light emission can

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Luminescence

    Uploaded by

    Mamta Garg
    56 views12 pages
    Luminescence is the emission of light from a substance that is not caused by heat. This document discusses luminescence in semiconductors. It explains that light emission in semiconductors results from the generation of electron-hole pairs through excitation, relaxation or diffusion of carriers, and recombination. Common types of luminescence include fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Luminescence in semiconductors is used in light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and phosphors. Excitation can occur through light, electrons, electric fields, or chemical reactions. Relaxation and recombination times are on the order of picoseconds to milliseconds. Light emission can

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Luminescence is the emission of light from a substance that is not caused by heat. This document discusses luminescence in semiconductors. It explains that light emission in semiconductors results from the generation of electron-hole pairs through excitation, relaxation or diffusion of carriers, and recombination. Common types of luminescence include fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Luminescence in semiconductors is used in light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and phosphors. Excitation can occur through light, electrons, electric fields, or chemical reactions. Relaxation and recombination times are on the order of picoseconds to milliseconds. Light emission can

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    56 views12 pages

    Luminescence

    Uploaded by

    Mamta Garg
    Luminescence is the emission of light from a substance that is not caused by heat. This document discusses luminescence in semiconductors. It explains that light emission in semiconductors results from the generation of electron-hole pairs through excitation, relaxation or diffusion of carriers, and recombination. Common types of luminescence include fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence. Luminescence in semiconductors is used in light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, and phosphors. Excitation can occur through light, electrons, electric fields, or chemical reactions. Relaxation and recombination times are on the order of picoseconds to milliseconds. Light emission can

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 12

    Luminescence

    Mamta Garg
    Research Scholar
    Under the supervision of

    Dr. S.K. Tripathi


    Topics for this Lecture
     Luminescence in semiconductors
     Excitons
    Luminescence
    Luminescence is "cold light" that can be emitted at
    normal and lower temperatures. In luminescence,
    some energy source kicks an electron of an atom
    out of its lowest energy "ground" state into a
    higher energy "excited" state; then the electron
    returns the energy in the form of light so it can fall
    back to its "ground" state. With few exceptions, the
    excitation energy is always greater than the energy
    (wavelength, color) of the emitted light.
    Types of Luminescence
    • Fluorescence
    – Happens quickly after initial photon absorption
    (μs to ps lifetime).
    • Phosphorescence
    – Happens slowly after initial photon absorption
    (min to ms lifetime).
    • Chemiluminescence
    – Excitation arises from a chemical reaction,
    instead of photo absorption
    Luminescence in semiconductors
    Light emission in semiconductors is a
    result of
    three processes:
    • Generation on electron-hole pairs
    • Relaxation and/or diffusion of
    carriers
    • Recombination
    Applications:
    • Light emitting diodes
    • Laser diodes
    • Phosphors
    Cont….

    Excitation source:
    • Light (laser) Photoluminescence
    • Electron Cathodoluminescence
    • Electric field Electroluminescence
    • Chemical reaction Chemiluminescence

    Relaxation:
    • Phonon emission 10-15 seconds
    • Carrier migration 10-12 seconds
    • Exciton formation 10-12 seconds
    • Recombination 10-9 seconds
    • Ability to focus to
    • very small spots
    Pure Semiconductor at 0K
    Light Emission in Solids
    The excited state is unstable and has a
    finite lifetime.
    • Electron hole pairs recombine to give
    light.
    • The energy of the emitted light is
    approximately equal to the band gap.
    (Why)?
    Light Emission in Solids
    The emission of light can be classified as spontaneous and stimulated.

    Spontaneous emission occurs without the need of any other type of stimulus.
    The lifetime of excited states is relatively short, of the order of a few nanoseconds.
    It is accompanied by the emission of a photon and/or the dissipation of heat. This
    mechanism is also called luminescence or fluorescence.
    Some materials have higher lifetimes, of the order of microseconds or
    milliseconds, in which case the process is called phosphorescence.
    Spontaneous light emission is incoherent (the phase of light waves is random),
    nearly isotropic (it has a broad angular emission), and polychromatic (over a range
    of wavelengths).

    Stimulated emission: Under special conditions, light can be produced by


    stimulation with an external means. This results in the emission of a highly
    coherent and monochromatic radiation. This phenomenon is used in lasers.
    Interband Luminescence
    Interband Luminescence
    Interband Luminescence

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy