Introduction To Biomedical Engineering

醫學工程概論
Introduction to Biomedical Engineering

course format
• sampling applications in biomedical engineering

• interdisciplinary group project – flipped classroom
mentors topics
臨床上未被滿足之需求 ( 以骨科、復建科…為例 )
王兆麟臨床上未被滿足之需求 ( 以遠距醫療…為例 )
臨床上未被滿足之需求 ( 以神經外科…為例 )
Cell therapy for clinical diseases
林頌然 Gene therapy for clinical diseases
mRNA Vaccine: mechanism and application
High-throughput drug screening
趙本秀 Medical devices for low-resource settings
Detection devices for COVID-19
syllabus
week theme
1-4 background
5-6 group discussion for project/outline
7 workshop
8-12 group discussion, mentor consultation
13-15 presentation
16 report submission
Lab-on-a-chip:
Microdevices for Biological Research
and Clinical Practices
趙本秀
醫概 2021
Lab-on-a-chip
“…a device that integrates one or several laboratory functio

ns on a single integrated circuit (commonly called a "chip")
of only millimeters to a few square centimeters to achieve a
utomation and high-throughput screening.”
- Wikipedia
lab-on-a-chip
micro- and nano-scale
• fabrication
• systems (sensor, actuator, reaction)
• fluidics
• separation technologies (molecular an
d cellular sorting)
• total analysis system (µTAS, nTAS)
detection system / diagnostics
• electrocardiography (ECG)
• blood glucose monitoring
• home pregnancy test
• environmental pollution monitoring
• pharmaceutical/food industry process monitoring
biosensor
an analytical device for the detection of an analyte that c

ombines a biological component with a physicochemical
detector component
sensing
transducer processor 0123
element
sensing element
• cells, ions, enzymes, nucleic acids, receptor proteins, bio

mimetic materials
• selectivity / specificity
• sensitivity
sensing element
enzyme-based biosensors
• proteins that catalyze chemical reactions
• highly specific
• oxoreductase: glucose oxidase (GOX) + flavin adenine di

nucleotide (FAD)
sensing element
antibody-based biosensors
• Immunoglobulin (Ig), a Y-shaped protein to recognize a u
nique part of the foreign target, termed an antigen.
– highly specific
– less stable
• hCG – human corionic

gonadotrophine
sensing element
immunochromatographic assay
sensing element
nucleic acid-based biosensors
DNA/RNA microarray
sensing element
nucleic acid-based biosensors
• aptamer – short oligonuceotide
• SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment)
Dance your PhD

2010
sensing element
cell-based biosensors
High-density microfluidic arrays for cell cytotoxicity analysis. Wang
Z et al, 2007.
sensing element
cell-based biosensors
pharmaceutical / environmental analytes
transducer
electrochemical transducers
transducer
optical transducers
• fluorescence
emitted by molecules descending emission
to a lower energy state excitation
• fluorophores
FITC, calcein, rhodamine, alexa fl
uors, quantum dots, etc…
• fluorescent proteins (FPs)
Anticancer Inc, via the GFP site

transducer
optical transducers
• luminescence
– emission of light via oxidation
– chemi- or bio-
– luciferase, luciferin
• absorbance
– colormetric
transducer
other
• acoustic
quartz crystal microbalance (QCM)
• mechanical
microcantilever
• SPR (surface plasmon resonance)
actuator
microfluidics
actuator
microfluidics
actuator
paper microfluidics
Martinez 09
reaction
miniaturized PCR and Western
mTAS
micro total analysis systems
the Quake lab

mTAS
fluidigm
“Each 96.96 Dynamic Array is capable of producing 9216 real-

time qPCR data points in the same amount of time as a single
384-well plate, while using just 1/200th the amount of reagent
s.”
cautionary tale…
• Founded in 2003 by Elizabeth Holmes

• Blood drop from finger prick
• Raised more than US$700 million
• > 240 tests
• 9 billion USD valuation in 2013/4
• The “Edison”
• WSJ article in 2015
• Fraud charges by SEC in March 2018
• Ceased operations in September 2018
organs-on-a-chip
lung-on-a-chip
alveolar organization
Huh et al, 2010

lung-on-a-chip
layered structure
Huh et al, 2010

lung-on-a-chip
Huh et al, 2010
dynamic deformation
lung-on-a-chip
inflammation
ICAM-1
Huh et al, 2010

lung-on-a-chip
interaction between chemical and mechanical factors
Huh et al, 2010

intestines-on-chip
Bein et al, 2018
body-on-a-chip
Wyss /
Harvard Gazette
endothelial cells pericytes astrocytes neurons Maoz et al, 2018

body-on-a-chip
quintet-microfluidic platform
the human reproductive tract and 28-day menstrual cycle:
ovary, fallopian tube, uterus, cervix and liver
Xiao et al, 2017

advancement in biomedical engineering
Biomimicry/ Application/
Research Technology

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醫學工程概論

Introduction to Biomedical Engineering

• sampling applications in biomedical engineering

“…a device that integrates one or several laboratory functio

an analytical device for the detection of an analyte that c

• cells, ions, enzymes, nucleic acids, receptor proteins, bio

• oxoreductase: glucose oxidase (GOX) + flavin adenine di

• hCG – human corionic

Dance your PhD

Anticancer Inc, via the GFP site

the Quake lab

“Each 96.96 Dynamic Array is capable of producing 9216 real-

• Founded in 2003 by Elizabeth Holmes

Huh et al, 2010

Huh et al, 2010

Huh et al, 2010

Huh et al, 2010

endothelial cells pericytes astrocytes neurons Maoz et al, 2018

Xiao et al, 2017

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