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Expanded Program On Immunization

The Expanded Program on Immunization in the Philippines aims to reduce morbidity and mortality from 7 childhood diseases by providing free routine vaccinations through health centers. It was established in 1976 and follows epidemiological data to determine vaccination schedules for diseases like tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, measles, and hepatitis B administered from birth to 11 months old. The program operates on principles of protecting communities through mass vaccination efforts that are integrated into existing rural health services.

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Kate E. Gatchalian
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205 views

Expanded Program On Immunization

The Expanded Program on Immunization in the Philippines aims to reduce morbidity and mortality from 7 childhood diseases by providing free routine vaccinations through health centers. It was established in 1976 and follows epidemiological data to determine vaccination schedules for diseases like tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, measles, and hepatitis B administered from birth to 11 months old. The program operates on principles of protecting communities through mass vaccination efforts that are integrated into existing rural health services.

Uploaded by

Kate E. Gatchalian
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expanded Program on

Immunization

Company
LOGO
Company
LOGO

OBJECTIVES
 “To Reduce morbidity and Mortality against
7 childhood Immunizable diseases.”
(Tuberculosis, Diptheria, Pertusis,
Tetanus, Poliomyelitis, Measles, and
Hepatitis B.)

 Established here at Philippines by Pres.


Marcos on the month of July, 1976
Company
LOGO

PRINCIPLES:
 The program is based on epidemiological
situation; schedules are drawn on the
basis of the occurrences and
characteristics features of the said
diseases.
 The whole community rather than just an
individual is to be protected, thus, mass
approach is applied.
Company
LOGO

 Immunization is a basic health service and


as such, it is integrated into the health
services provided for by Rural Health Unit.
Company
LOGO
Immunization – is a process by which
vaccines are introduce to the Body, before
infectious sets in.
Company
LOGO

Elements
 Target Setting – (0 – 12 mos.)
 Cold chain Management (for vaccine life
span and utilization)
 Information, education and communication
 Assessment and evaluation of the
programs over all performance
 Surveillance, studies and research.
Company
LOGO

 3 Reasons: ( IEC )

For parents, to be motivated to submit their
child to immunization

To provide health teachings on benefits and
importance of immunization

To inform the public about its availability and
schedule (RHU q Weds. BHS q once a month,
and remote area q Quarterly)
 
Company
EPI ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR
LOGO INFANTS

VACCINE TARGET DOSAGE INTERVAL ROUTE SITE

1. BCG Anytime at 0.05ml Once Intradermal Right Deltoid


Birth 0.1ml (ID) Left
School Assess for Deltoid
Entrance Wheal
formation

2. Hepa B Anytime 0.5ml 6 wks. Intramuscula Upper outer


at Birth Interval from r (IM) Portion of
1st dose to the thigh
2nd dose,
then 8 weeks
interval
From 2nd to
3rd dose
 
Company
EPI ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR
LOGO INFANTS

VACCINE TARGET DOSAGE INTERVAL ROUTE SITE

3. DPT 6 wks. Up 0.5ml 4 weeks x 3 Intramuscul Upper


to 11 mos. doses ar (IM) outer
portion of
the thigh

4. OPV 6 wks. Up 2 drops 4 weeks x 3 Oral Mouth


to 11 mos. doses (Child must (side of the
be for 30 cheek)
mins.)
 
Company
EPI ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE FOR
LOGO INFANTS

VACCINE TARGET DOSAGE INTERVAL ROUTE SITE

5. 9 0.5ml Once Subcuta Outer


Measles months neous Part of
(if (SQ) the
epidemi upper
c crisis, arm
6 mos.)
Company
LOGO

Fully immunized Child


 Child is considered fully immunized if he or
she completed 1 dose of BCG,3 dose of
hepaB, 3 dose of DPT,3 dose of OPV and
1 dose of measles before reaching the 1st
birthday
Company
LOGO Characteristic of Vaccines
Vaccine Type or Form of Storage Temperature
Vaccine

Most Sensitive to Heat OPV ( live Attenuated ) - 15 – - 20 degrees C


Measles ( freeze Dried ) At the Freezer

Least Sensitive Heat DPT / Hepa 20 - - 8 degree celcius


D – weakened toxoid BODY OF THE
P – Killed Vaccine REFRIGERATOR
T – weakened toxin
( toxoid )

Hep B 2 – 3 degrees celcius


BODY OF THE REF

BCG ( freeze dried )


TT
Company
LOGO Side Effects of BCG
  Koch’s Phenomenon – acute
inflammatory process starting with in 24
hrs. and may last for 2 – 4 days. Wheal
must disappear in about 30 mins – 1hr.
 Abscess formation – 1st week – soreness
and inflammation, 2nd week – 11th week
healing of abscess and ulceration. If there
is no scar developed, Repeat the
procedure
Company
LOGO
Company
LOGO

 indolent ulceration – a. wrong technique,


b. exposure of infant to Pt. c active TB.
 Glandular Enlargement – a. unsterile
syringe or needle was used, b. too much
vaccine was injected. C. the vaccine might
be injected under the skin layer, and not
instead in its superficial layer.
 Management: Physician may order, I and
D, or Isoniazid.
Company
LOGO POINTERS :
 Cold dogs

Using vaccine carrier
 FEFO ( First in First Out )
 Every child deserves to be given the
benefits of immunization protection based
on immunization law.
  No vaccine gives 100% protection. They
go hand in hand with good hygiene and
other measures for disease prevention.
 
Company
LOGO

 Recommended series of immunization


must be completed for adequate
protection.
 Booster doses are important to maintain
continuous protection against the
diseases.
  Interruption of schedule does not interfere
with final immunity nor does it necessitate
contraindication to vaccination.
Company
LOGO

 Malnutrition, minor respiratory infections,


moderate fever, cough and diarrhea do not
constitute contraindications to
vaccinations.
Company
LOGO POINTERS ON IMMUNIZATION

 Every child deserves to be given the


benefits of immunization protection based
on immunization law.
 No vaccine gives 100% protection. They
go hand in hand with good hygiene and
other measures for disease prevention.
 Recommended series of immunization
must be completed for adequate
protection.
Company
LOGO POINTERS ON IMMUNIZATION

 Interruption of schedule does not interfere


with final immunity nor does it necessitate
contraindication to vaccination.
 Malnutrition, minor respiratory infections,
moderate fever, cough and diarrhea do not
constitute contraindications to
vaccinations.
Company
LOGO

 the absolute contraindications to


immunization are :

DPT2 or DPT3 to a child who has had
convulsion or shock with in 3 days the
previous dose.

Live weakened vaccine like BCG must not be
given to individual who are
immunocompromised due to malignant
disease.
Company
LOGO

 Measles and OPV vaccines are most


sensitive to heat. They must be strictly
maintained at -15 – 20 C.
 Vaccines are safe and effective with mild
side effects after vaccination.
 No extra doses must be given to
child/mother who missed a dose.
Company
LOGO

 Giving doses of a vaccine at less than 4


weeks interval may lessen the anti body
response. Lengthening the interval leads
to higher antibody levels.

 Practice FEFO first expiry first out rule,


and 1 syringe one needle one child policy
must strictly implemented.

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