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Kinetics of Polymerization

Chain-growth polymerization involves an initiating molecule that attaches to a monomer to start the polymerization reaction. The reaction proceeds in three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. Initiation forms radical species that add single monomer units. Propagation is the sequential addition of monomers. Termination occurs when two propagating radical chains combine or disproportionate to end the reaction.

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YASHODHA V 2047461
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420 views8 pages

Kinetics of Polymerization

Chain-growth polymerization involves an initiating molecule that attaches to a monomer to start the polymerization reaction. The reaction proceeds in three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. Initiation forms radical species that add single monomer units. Propagation is the sequential addition of monomers. Termination occurs when two propagating radical chains combine or disproportionate to end the reaction.

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YASHODHA V 2047461
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Kinetics of Polymerization

Yashodha V
Chain-growth (addition)
polymerization
* The polymerization of unsaturated monomers typically
involves a chain growth polymerization.
* Chain-growth polymerizations require the presence of an
initiating molecule that can be used to attach a monomer
molecule at the beginning of the polymerization.
* Free-radical polymerization has 3 steps:
•Initiation
•Propagation and
•Termination.
Initiation
* Initiation consists of 2 steps:
* A. Dissociation step: the initiator forms two
radical species. The labile bond can be broken
by heat of irradiation.
* B. Association step: addition of a single
monomer molecule to the initiating radical.
Propagation
* A process of monomer units addition to the initiated
monomer species. Additional monomers are added
sequentially during subsequent propagation steps.
* Propagation continues until termination process occurs.
Termination

*Termination occurs when 2 propagating radical


chains of arbitrary degrees of polymerization of
x and y meet their free-radical ends.
*There are 3 mechanisms of termination:
1. Combination
2. Disproportionation
3. Chain transfer
* Combination:
* To give a single terminated chain of degree of
polymerization x + y through the formation of a
covalent bond between the 2 combining radical
chains.

* Example: termination by combination of


styrene polymerization
* Disproportionation:
One terminated chain will have an unsaturated
carbon group while the other terminated end is
fully saturated.

Chain transfer:
To give hydrogen abstraction from an initiator,
monomer, polymer, or solvent molecule.

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