MATHS

Laplace Transform
Submitted by-
Kshitij Shubham (2K20/A3/44)
Mridul Anand (2K20/A3/77)
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

Mr. Anshul Arora
Contents
• Introduction
• Definition
• Some Properties of Laplace Transform
• Laplace Transform Table
• Real World Application of Laplace Transform (Circuit Analysis)
• Circuit Analysis for RLC Circuit
• Other Applications of Laplace Transform
• References
Introduction
• Laplace transform is named in honour of the great French mathematician, Pierre

Simon De Laplace (1749-1827). The best way to convert differential
equations into algebraic equations is the use of Laplace transformation.
• Laplace transformation is a technique for solving differential equations.
• Here, differential equation of time domain form is first transformed to algebraic
equation of frequency domain form.
• After solving the algebraic equation in frequency domain, the result then is finally
transformed to time domain form to achieve the ultimate solution of the
differential equation.
• In other words it can be said that the Laplace transformation is nothing but a
shortcut method of solving differential equation.
Definition
You know, it’s always a little scary when we devote a whole section just to the definition of
something. Laplace transforms (or just transforms) can seem scary when we first start looking at
them. However, as we will see, they aren’t as bad as they may appear at first.
Before we start with the definition of the Laplace transform we need to get another definition out of
the way.
A function is called piecewise continuous on an interval if the interval can be broken into a finite
number of subintervals on which the function is continuous on each open subinterval (i.e. the
subinterval without its endpoints) and has a finite limit at the endpoints of each subinterval. Below
is a sketch of a piecewise continuous function. In other words, a piecewise continuous function is a
function that has a finite number of breaks in it and doesn’t blow up to infinity anywhere.
Definition
Let’s take a look at the definition of Laplace Transform,
Some Properties of Laplace Transform
The main properties of Laplace Transform can be summarized as follows:
• Linearity: Let C1, C2 be constants. f(t), g(t) be the functions of time, t, then
• First shifting Theorem:
• Change of scale property:

Some Properties of Laplace Transform
• Differentiation :
• Integration :
• Time Shifting : If L{f(t) } = F(s), then the Laplace Transform of f(t) after the delay of time, T is equal to the
product of Laplace Transform of f(t) and e-st that is,
Where, u(t-T) denotes unit step function.
Laplace Transform Table
There is always a table that is available to the engineer that contains information
on the Laplace transforms. An example of Laplace transform table has been
made below. We will come to know about the Laplace transform of various
common functions from the following table .
Laplace Transform Table
Continued
Real World Application of Laplace Transform
Circuit Analysis
• The Input/Output differential equation :
• Assume the input as a step function :
• We can take the inverse Laplace transform to recover the output signal :
• For a zero initial condition :

Circuit Analysis
• Voltage/Current Relationships :
• Series Connections (Voltage Divider)

Circuit Analysis (cont.)
• Parallel Connections (Current Divider) :
• Example :
Circuit Analysis for RLC Circuit
• Consider computation of the transfer function relating
the current in the capacitor to the input voltage.
• Strategy : convert the circuit to its Laplace transform
representation, and use normal circuit analysis tools.
• Compute the voltage across the capacitor using a
voltage divider, and then compute the current through
the capacitor.
• Alternatively, you can use KVL, KVC and Mesh
Analysis
• The Laplace transform allows us to reduce circuit
analysis to algebraic manipulations.
• Note : However, that we can solve for both the steady,
state and transient responses simultaneously.
Other Applications of Laplace Transform
• This transform is most commonly used for control

systems, such as to study and analyze systems such as
ventilation, heating and air conditions, etc. These
systems are used in every single modern day
construction and building.
• Breaking down complex differential equations into
simpler polynomial forms.
• In machine learning, the Laplace transform is used for
making predictions and making analysis in data mining.
• Laplace transforms are frequently opted for signal
processing. Along with the Fourier transform,
the Laplace transform is used to study signals in the
frequency domain. Filtering of a signal is usually done
in the frequency domain for which Laplace acts as an
important tool for converting a signal from time domain
to frequency domain.
Other Applications (cont.)
• Laplace transform simplifies calculations in system
modeling.
• Nuclear Physics: In order to get the true form of
radioactive decay a Laplace Transform is used. It
makes easy to study analytic part of Nuclear physics
possible.
• Analysis of electric circuits.
References
• https://www.irjet.net/archives/V5/i5/IRJET-V5I5593.pdf
• https://www.elprocus.com/what-is-laplace-transform-formula-proper
ties-conditions-and-applications/
• https://www.electrical4u.com/laplace-transformation/
• http://sces.phys.utk.edu/~moreo/mm08/sarina.pdf
• https://byjus.com/maths/laplace-transform/#applications
• https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes/de/LaplaceIntro.aspx
THANK YOU!!!

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Laplace Transform

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

• Laplace transform is named in honour of the great French mathematician, Pierre

• First shifting Theorem:

• Change of scale property:

• Assume the input as a step function :

• For a zero initial condition :

• Series Connections (Voltage Divider)

• This transform is most commonly used for control

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