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    Back Muscles

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    Panashe Mawaro
    The muscles of the back include the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. The trapezius originates from the occipital bone, spine, and ligaments and inserts into the clavicle and scapula, elevating and rotating the scapula. The latissimus dorsi originates from the spine and ribs and inserts into the humerus, adducting and medially rotating the arm. The levator scapulae and rhomboids originate from cervical vertebrae and insert into the scapula, retracting and stabilizing the scapula.

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    Back Muscles

    Uploaded by

    Panashe Mawaro
    46 views30 pages
    The muscles of the back include the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. The trapezius originates from the occipital bone, spine, and ligaments and inserts into the clavicle and scapula, elevating and rotating the scapula. The latissimus dorsi originates from the spine and ribs and inserts into the humerus, adducting and medially rotating the arm. The levator scapulae and rhomboids originate from cervical vertebrae and insert into the scapula, retracting and stabilizing the scapula.

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    The muscles of the back include the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. The trapezius originates from the occipital bone, spine, and ligaments and inserts into the clavicle and scapula, elevating and rotating the scapula. The latissimus dorsi originates from the spine and ribs and inserts into the humerus, adducting and medially rotating the arm. The levator scapulae and rhomboids originate from cervical vertebrae and insert into the scapula, retracting and stabilizing the scapula.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    46 views30 pages

    Back Muscles

    Uploaded by

    Panashe Mawaro
    The muscles of the back include the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor. The trapezius originates from the occipital bone, spine, and ligaments and inserts into the clavicle and scapula, elevating and rotating the scapula. The latissimus dorsi originates from the spine and ribs and inserts into the humerus, adducting and medially rotating the arm. The levator scapulae and rhomboids originate from cervical vertebrae and insert into the scapula, retracting and stabilizing the scapula.

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    Muscles of the back

    D. Mumba BSc Hb. Unza


    Skin & fasciae of the back
    • The skin is thick & fixed to the
    underlying fasciae
    • Superficial fascia contain variable
    amount of fat, is thick & strong &
    connected to the overlying skin by C.T
    • Deep fascia is dense in texture
    • Sensory supply to the skin of the back
    is the posterior rami of the spinal
    nerves
    • 1st & 8th cervical nerves don’t supply the
    skin
    Muscles
    • Muscles connecting the upper limb to
    the back are
    1. Trapezius
    2. latissimus dorsi
    3. Levator scapulae
    4. Rhomboideus major (rhomboid major)
    5. Rhomboideus minor (rhomboid Minor)
    1. Trapezius
    • Origin
    I. medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line
    II.External protuberance
    III. ligamentum nuchae
    IV. C7
    V. T1-T12 spines
    VI.Corresponding supraspinous lig
    • Insertion
    I. Upper fibers into the posterior border
    of the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
    II.Middle fibers- into the acromion & the
    upper border of the spine of the
    scapular
    III.Lower fibers- into the medial end of
    the spine of scapula
    • Nerve supply
    I. Motor fibers from spinal part of the
    accessory nerve (CN 11)
    II.Sensory from cervical nerves 3 &4
    • Action
    I. Upper fibers act with the levator scapulae &
    elevate the scapula
    II.Middle fibers act with rhomboideus & retract
    the scapula
    III.Upper & lower fibers act with the serratus
    ant. & rotate the scapula forward round the
    chest wall. This is important in abduction of
    the arm beyond 90º
    IV.Stead's the scapula
    2. Latissimus dorsi
    • Origin
    I. Posterior 1/3 of the outer lip of iliac
    crest
    II.Posterior layer of the lumbar fascia
    III.Spines of T7- T12
    IV.Lower 4 ribs
    V. Inferior angle of the scapula
    • Insertion
    I. Muscle winds around the lower border
    of the teres major & forms the post
    fold of the axilla.
    II.The tendon is twisted upside down & is
    inserted into the floor of the
    interbercular sulcus
    • Nerve supply
    I. Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)
    • Action
    I. Adduction, extension & medial rotation
    of the shoulder as in swimming, rowing,
    climbing, pulling, folding the arms behind
    the back
    II.Helps in violent expiration efforts-
    coughing, sneezing
    III.Essentially a climbing muscle
    IV.Hold inferior angle of scapula in place
    3. levator scapulae
    • Origin
    I. Transverse processes of C1,C2
    II.Posterior tubercle of the transverse
    processes of C3, C4
    • Insertion
    I. Superior angle & upper part of the
    medial border of the scapula

    • Nerve supply
    I. A branch from the dorsal scapular
    nerve (C5)
    II.C3,C4 branches are proprioceptive
    • Action
    I. Helps in the elevation of the scapula
    II.Steadies the scapula during movements
    of the arm
    4. Rhomboid minor
    • Origin
    I. Lower part of the ligamentum nachae
    II.C7 & T1

    • Insertion
     base of the triangular area at the
    root of the spine of the scapula
    • Nerve supply
     Dorsal scapular nerve

    • Action
     Retract the scapular & steady it
    5. Rhomboid major
    • Origin
    I. Spines of T2,T3,T4,T5
    II.Supraspinous lig

    • Insertion
     Medial border of the scapular below
    the root of the spine
    • Nerve supply
     Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

    • Action
     Retracts the scapula & steady it
    • Triangle of auscultation
     Small interval bounded
    i. medially by the lateral border of the
    trapezius
    ii. Laterally by the medial border of the scapula
    iii. Inferiorly the upper border of the latissimus
    dorsi
    iv. The floor is formed by the 7th rib, 6th & 7
    intercostal space & rhomboid major
    v. The only part of the back not covered
    by muscle
    vi. Clinical importance- resp sounds are
    better heard over this triangle on the
    back
    • Lumbar Triangle or petit
    Another small triangle bounded
    i. medially by the lateral border of the
    latissimus dorsi
    ii. Laterally by ,the posterior border of the
    external oblique
    iii. Inferiorly by the iliac crest
    iv. Clinical importance- hernias occur here-
    lumbar hernias

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