Introduction of FEA (Lecture 1 - 6) - 1
Introduction of FEA (Lecture 1 - 6) - 1
Course Introduction
1/6
Course Details
Engineering Problems
Numerical Methods
Course Introduction
Course Details
Pre-requisites
• Mechanics of machines and materials
• Stress Analysis
• Numerical Methods (Optional, useful to know)
Course Details
Course Objectives
• Understand the fundamentals of FEA/FEM
• Gain the skills to implement FEA on theoretical and real applications
• Use of Ansys©/Abaqus© for performing computational simulation
Text Book
• Finite Element Analysis Theory and Practical (3rd Ed.) by Saeed Moaveni
Course Details
Marks Distribution
Engineering Problems
- What is an Engineering Problem????? Any ideas!!!!!
-Many engineering problems, like you might have seen previous engineering
subjects’, can be represented by a mathematical model in terms of
differential equations with a sets of initial or boundary conditions.
Engineering Problems
- When possible, Exact
solution of the problem can
be determined. This
solution can provide a
detailed behavior of system
under given conditions.
Engineering Problems
- These analytical solutions are composed of two parts: Homogenous and Particular
- Also, In engineering problems, there are two sets of design parameters (which dictates
system behavior): Info of natural behavior and Info of disturbances in the system
Engineering Problems
Info of natural behavior i.e. (material
and geometric properties)
Engineering Problems
Info of natural behavior
Engineering Problems
Info of disturbances
Engineering Problems
- Info of natural behavior appears always in the Homogenous part of the
differential equation
- It is important to know these info and their respective positions while performing FE
modeling.
Numerical Methods
- For many engineering problems, Exact solution can’t be obtained.
-Reasons:
- Complex nature of the differential equations
- Difficult to get an idea about the boundary and initial conditions
- Numerical methods are helpful under such circumstances.
Numerical Methods
- Discretization: The very first step in any numerical procedure is to divide the
system in many sub regions (elements) and nodes of interest.
End of Lecture 1 of 6
To be Continued…………….
Direct Formulation
- Direct Formulation
- Preprocessing Phase
1- Discretize the solution domain into finite elements
- The cross sectional area of each element
can be represented by an average area of
the cross sections at the nodes .
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
- Studying the behavior of a typical element, Consider the
deflection of a solid member with a uniform cross section A that
has a length ‘l’ when subjected to a force ‘F’.
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
Modulus of Elasticity
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
Same
as
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
One element
Elastic behavior of
an element Keq
All elements
between node i
and i+1
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
Forces acting on each node and their free body diagram???
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
Separating R and P
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
Transformation in to matrix
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
It is important to distinguish between the applied load and the reaction forces; re-arrange the matrix accordingly;
or
or
- Preprocessing Phase
2- Assume a solution that approximates the behavior of an element
By applying boundary conditions, mostly in solid mechanics problems, the generalized matrix form can be written
as: This will yield the nodal
displacement values
After
this
calculati
on
- Preprocessing Phase
3- Develop equation for an element
How many nodes each element has? 2 (with associated displacements)
As per static equilibrium condition: Ʃ F = 0 (on each node)
Transmitted forces at
- Preprocessing Phase
4- Assemble the elements to present entire problem
End of Lecture 2 of 6
To be Continued…………….
FEA: Direct
Formulation (Step 4 - 3/6
onwards)
T
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s
t
i
f
f
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e Finite Element Analysis (ME-458) Lecture -3/6
s
Mechanical Engineering Department
s
Introduction to FEA
Provide global
stiffness matrix
Or
End of Lecture 3 of 6
To be Continued…………….
Exercise Problems
4/6
Problem 1.2
Problem 1.2
Problem 1.2
Problem 1.2
Problem 1.2
Minimum total
potential energy 4/6
formulation
We can write Eq. 1.39 for a piece if material from the member in the form of
differential volume in the form of normal stress and strain
Therefore for a member or an element under axial loading the strain energy is
obtained by adding up the stored energy in all pieces (differential volume) making
up the member.
End of Lecture 4 of 6
To be Continued…………….
Weighted Residual
Formulations 5/6
For exact
End of Lecture 5 of 6
To be Continued…………….
Assignment-1
6/6
Verification task:
Perform FEA, as per the question
statement, in ANSYS workbench.
Compare your results and
provide your comments.
Verification task:
Perform FEA, as per the question
statement, in ANSYS workbench.
Compare your results and
provide your comments.
Assignment-1
End of Lecture 6 of 6
Chapter Completed.