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    Magmatism

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    Cisca Noda Rafuson
    Magmatism is the process of formation and movement of magma, which occurs in the lower part of the Earth's crust and upper mantle as heat and pressure changes cause partial melting of solid rock. Magma is composed of molten rock located beneath the Earth's surface in the mantle and plates. It differs from lava, which is molten rock found on the Earth's surface after a volcanic eruption brings magma up from underground chambers.

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    Magmatism

    Uploaded by

    Cisca Noda Rafuson
    165 views15 pages
    Magmatism is the process of formation and movement of magma, which occurs in the lower part of the Earth's crust and upper mantle as heat and pressure changes cause partial melting of solid rock. Magma is composed of molten rock located beneath the Earth's surface in the mantle and plates. It differs from lava, which is molten rock found on the Earth's surface after a volcanic eruption brings magma up from underground chambers.

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    Magmatism is the process of formation and movement of magma, which occurs in the lower part of the Earth's crust and upper mantle as heat and pressure changes cause partial melting of solid rock. Magma is composed of molten rock located beneath the Earth's surface in the mantle and plates. It differs from lava, which is molten rock found on the Earth's surface after a volcanic eruption brings magma up from underground chambers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    165 views15 pages

    Magmatism

    Uploaded by

    Cisca Noda Rafuson
    Magmatism is the process of formation and movement of magma, which occurs in the lower part of the Earth's crust and upper mantle as heat and pressure changes cause partial melting of solid rock. Magma is composed of molten rock located beneath the Earth's surface in the mantle and plates. It differs from lava, which is molten rock found on the Earth's surface after a volcanic eruption brings magma up from underground chambers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Magmatism

    What is Magma?
    Magma is composed of semi-liquid hot
    molten rocks located beneath the Earth,
    specifically in the melted mantle rock and
    oceanic plate.
    Magma and lava are both molten rocks.
    However, they differ in location. Magma is
    found in the magma chamber of the volcano
    while lava is found on the surface of earth
    once the volcano erupts.
     Magmatism is a process under the
    earth’s crust where formation and
    movement of magma occur. These happen
    in the lower part of the Earth’s crust and
    in the upper portion of the mantle, known
    as asthenosphere.
    Substances/elements present in
    magma
    How is magma formed?
     The magma present in the lower crust and
    upper mantle of the Earth is formed or
    generated through the process of partial
    melting. In this process, different minerals in
    rock melt at different temperature and
    pressure. It happens when only some parts of
    rock melt; it takes place because rocks are
    not pure materials.
    Partial melting

    This solid rock The first minerals Minerals such as


    contains the that melt are quartz biotite and
    and some types of hornblende
    minerals quartz,
    feldspar. The generally melt last,
    feldspar, biotite, background which changes the
    and hornblende. represents magma. composition of
    magma.
    Melting in the mantle requires
    one of three possible events to
    occur:
     1. AN INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE:
    Conduction in mantle happens when heat is
    transferred from hotter molten rocks to the Earth’s
    cold crust. This process is known as heat
    transfer. As magma rises, it is often hot enough to
    melt the rock it touches. It happens at convergent
    boundaries, where tectonic plates are crashing
    together.
    The temperature of mantle is around 1200 degrees
    Celsius. Rock minerals such as quartz and feldspar
    begin to partially melt at around 650-850 degrees
    Celsius.
     Heat Transfer in Convergent Boundary
     2. A DECREASE OF PRESSURE: Mantle
    rocks remain solid when exposed to high
    pressure. However, during convection, these
    rocks tend to go upward (shallower level)
    and the pressure is reduced. This triggers the
    melting of magma. This is known as
    decompression melting. This process occurs
    at the Mid-Ocean Ridge, an underwater
    mountain system.
     Decompression Melting in Mid-Ocean Ridge
     3. ADDITION OF VOLATILES: When
    water or carbon dioxide is added to hot
    rocks, flux melting occurs. The melting
    points of minerals within the rocks decrease.
    If a rock is already close to its melting point,
    the effect of adding these volatiles can be
    enough to trigger partial melting. It occurs
    around subduction zones.
     Flux Melting in Subduction Zone
    ASSIGNMENT:
     Directions. Observe the illustrations below and
    relate these to the lesson.
    1. What is in the picture?
    _____________________________
    _____________________________
    _____________________________
    ___
    How will you relate it to
    magmatism?
    _____________________________
    _____________________________
    _____________________________
    ___
    2. What is in the picture?
    ______________________
    ______________________
    ______________________
    ______________________
    __
    How will you relate it to
    magmatism?
    ______________________
    ______________________
    ______________________
    ______________________
    __
    3. What is in the picture?
    _______________________
    _______________________
    _______________________
    _____________________
    How will you relate it to
    magmatism?
    _______________________
    _______________________
    _______________________
    _____________________

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