Genetics Jeopardy Game 3

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© Amy Brown Science

Today’s topic….
Ge net i c s
Game 3
PowerPoint Jeopardy
Genetics Game 3
Sex-Linked Pedigree Mutations Chromosome Genetic
Traits Tables Mutations Disorders
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What is meant by the term
“sex-linked” gene?
These are genes that are
located on the sex
chromosomes, usually
the X chromosome.
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List four sex-linked traits.
In humans: Colorblindness,
hemophilia, and muscular
dystrophy.
In fruit flies, eye color is sex-
linked.
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Fill in the table with the correct
genotypes for this sex-linked trait..
Genotype Phenotype
Normal blood clotting female
Normal clotting female, but a carrier of hemophilia
Hemophiliac female
Normal blood clotting male
Hemophiliac male
Genotype Phenotype
XHXH Normal blood clotting female
XHXh Normal clotting female, but a carrier of hemophilia
Xh X h Hemophiliac female
XHY Normal blood clotting male
Xh Y Hemophiliac male
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Why does colorblindness
occur more often in males
than in females?
Males must inherit only one
recessive allele for colorblindness
to have this disease. Females
must inherit 2 recessive alleles for
colorblindness to have the
disease.
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What are the genotypes of
the parents of a colorblind
girl?
The Dad must be X Y. b
The Mom could be X X

B b
or X X .
b b
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What is a pedigree table?
A pedigree table is a chart that
shows the genetic relationships
between the members of a
family.
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What do squares represent?
What do circles represent?
The squares represent males.
The circles represent females.
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What is indicted if the circle or
square is shaded?
Shaded individuals have the
trait being considered.
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This trait is inherited as an
autosomal recessive allele. What
is the genotype of each person?
1. Aa
2. aa
3. aa
4. Aa
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This pedigree is for sex-linked
colorblindness. What is the
genotype of each person?
1. XBXb
2. XbY
3. XBXb
4. XBY
5. XbY
6. XBXb
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What is a mutation?
Mutations are changes in the
nucleotide-base sequence of a
gene or DNA molecule.
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How do mutations occur?
Mutations may occur when
there is an error in DNA
replication or when
chromosomes fail to segregate
properly during cell division.
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Explain the importance of
mutations.
Some mutations may cause a
beneficial change in the
phenotype of an offspring that
makes it better suited for its
environment.
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What is the difference
between a germ-cell mutation
and a somatic-cell mutation?
A germ-cell mutation occurs in
the gametes of an organism.
Somatic-cell mutations occur
in the body cells of an
organism.
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Distinguish between gene
mutations and chromosome
mutations.
A gene mutation produces a
change within a single gene.
A chromosome mutation
produces a change in the entire
chromosome.
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What is a chromosome
mutation?
A chromosome mutation
involves either a change in the
structure of a chromosome or
the gain or loss of an entire
chromosome.
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In this type of chromosome
mutation, a segment of
chromosome breaks off, flips
around, and reattaches to the
same chromosome.
Inversion
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mutation, a piece of a
chromosome is lost due to
breakage.
Deletion
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mutation, homologous
chromosomes do not separate
during meiosis I or sister
chromatids fail to separate
during meiosis II.
Nondisjunction
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mutation, a piece of one
chromosome breaks off and
reattaches to a nonhomologous
chromosome.
Translocation
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What are the possible
causes of genetic disorders?
Genetic disorders can be caused by
inheriting autosomal recessive alleles,
autosomal dominant alleles, or alleles
linked on the sex chromosomes. Some
genetic disorders are caused when
chromosomes fail to separate correctly
during meiosis.
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This genetic disorder is caused by a
recessive allele on autosomal
chromosome 7. Symptoms include
digestive problems and the
production of thick mucus that
clogs the lungs and airways.
Cystic Fibrosis
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Name two genetic disorders that
are the result of nondisjunction in
the sex chromosomes.
Klinefelter’s Syndrome
Turner’s Syndrome
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This genetic disorder is when
autosomal chromosome 21 fails to
separate during meiosis.
Symptoms include short and stocky
body, thick neck and tongue, and
heart defects.
Down Syndrome
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This genetic disorder is caused by
inheriting a single dominant allele.
Symptoms include muscle spasms,
severe mental illness, and
eventually, death.
Huntington’s Disease
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© Amy Brown Science

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The Mom could be X X

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