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Intercultural

Communication
Aspects of Intercultural communication

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1) Cultural Identity
• Culture is the sum of the beliefs, traditions,
values, symbols and practices of a group of
people (Mulvaney, 2005).

• Different culture can be seen within a


community; say, culture in rural areas versus
urban areas. We can even observe different
culture from another family who lives next door
to us.

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2) Gender role
• Is a social construct and is not synonymous to
sex, which refers to the anatomical differences
between male and female.
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• Gender roles are learned and taught by culture.

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3) Age Identity
• This refers not only to their biological age but it
is also about how they think and feel about
themselves as they age.
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• Age identity influences one’s self-image,
language use, personality, attitude and
communication with others. We

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4) Social Status
• Is determined and assigned according to
income, titles possessions, etc.

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• Social classes in other cultures also differ from
one another.

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5) Religion
• Is when someone sees themselves as a member
of a religious group and may be active or
inactive in practicing their rituals and customs.

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Problems in
intercultural
communication
1. Ethnocentrism
• This term comes from the word “ethnos” meaning nation and the word
“center”.
• This is the conscious or unconscious worldview coming from a person’s
own perspective which establishes an archetype or rating of other groups
in reference to the ideal of his or her own group.
• An example of ethnocentrism in the Philippines can be observed during
the 2017 Bar exam results. When the results of the bar exam were posted
online on social media, the comments section became a platform where
people questioned the results, some even saying that they do not know the
schools where the top examinees came from since these schools were not
from Metro Manila.
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2. Stereotyping
• Stereotyping assumes members of a group of people share the same
characteristics.
• When one stereotypes, you judge how a person behaves or looks based on
what you believe about the group where they belong.
• Another kind of stereotype can be seen in local television series. Usually
women protagonists have long straight hair while antagonist women have
short or curly/wavy hair. Another thing to observe is how rich families
are usually seen in formal clothes even if they’re inside their house and
will not be attending any formal event.

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3. Prejudice
• when one has a negative preconceived notion, feeling, or attitude against
a cultural group.
• These assumptions are often made even if there is little or no interaction
with this said group at all.
• An example can be the prejudice towards Muslims. In Manila, it can be
observed that Catholics are usually wary of Muslims.

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“ How to avoid intercultural
miscommunication?

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1. Delay attributing meaning

With these three


problems in mind,
how exactly do we
ensure that we
communicate 2. Develop awareness of your non-
effectively and verbal communication
properly with .
people from other
cultures?

3. Check whether non-verbal messages


correspond to verbal messages.
Listening
Why is Listening Important?

Is a skill usually taken for granted especially since we normally


consider ourselves to be good listeners already.

Listening helps us stay focused on the message being sent, aids in


comprehension, and may improve or at the least maintain our
relationships with other people.

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To guide us in understanding the difference between hearing
and listening, the table below can quickly categorize the
difference the two​

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Models of Listening

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1. Active Listening requires effort and concentration on the listener’s
part. Listening to lectures, discussions, or conferences.

a. In critical or b. In
persuasive
listening, it is
discriminative
important to or instructional
understand the listening we
message based on “listen to derive
evidence or proof information,
presented by the facts, ideas and
speaker/sender to principles.”
prove their point.
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2. Passive Listening does not rely on focus or effort. This usually
happens when you do something else while listening.

a. Emphatic or b. In
therapeutic
listening: This
appreciative
kind of listening is listening or
something that you emotional, we
do to relieve “listen for
yourself from pleasure,
anxiety and entertainment
tension. or enjoyment.”
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Barriers to
Listening
1. Noise – this is any kind of sensory stimuli that affects the transmission of
messages. It can dampen or boost your speaking engagements depending on how you
deal with them or utilize them.

a. External – these
are the kinds of b. Internal -
noise that come these are
from physical emotional or
objects such as the mental
radio, roosters
distractions that
outside your house,
temperature of the
interfere with
room, your attention
uncomfortable while listening.
chair, taste of food,
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Internal

Understanding Understanding
yourself others

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1. Stop
Talking
2. Concentrate on your task:
Listening
Listening 3. Don’t criticize the
Well speaker
4. Remove Distractions: Focus on
what is being said

5. Avoid emotional reactions:


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Empathize 20XX
6. Be Patient

7. Guard against prejudice

Listening 8. Focus on main points


Well
9. Take down notes

10. Watch for verbal and non-


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verbal communication 20XX
THANK
YOU

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